From islet transplantation to beta-cell regeneration: an update on beta-cell-based therapeutic approaches in type 1 diabetes
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2024 May 1:1-11. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2347263. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) mellitus is an autoimmune disease in which immune cells, predominantly effector T cells, destroy insulin-secreting beta-cells. Beta-cell destruction led to various consequences ranging from retinopathy and nephropathy to neuropathy. Different strategies have been developed to achieve normoglycemia, including exogenous glucose compensation, whole pancreas transplantation, islet transplantation, and beta-cell replacement.AREAS COVERED: The last two decades of experience have show...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - May 2, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Asef Azad Hasan Ali Altunbas Ayse Esra Manguoglu Source Type: research
Comparing Neuromuscular Blockade Measurement Between Upper Arm (TOF Cuff ®) and Eyelid (TOF Scan®) Using Mivacurium during General Anesthesia
CONCLUSIONS When measurement on the limb is not possible, TOF-Scan on the eyelid can be an alternative for TOF-Cuff on the upper arm, if the time to relaxation is multiplied by at least 8, which is enough for 90% of patients.PMID:38693676 | DOI:10.12659/MSM.943630 (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - May 2, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Pawe ł Radkowski Jakub Ru ść Mariusz K ęska Klaudia Sztaba Source Type: research
Fibrocartilaginous embolism: a rare cause of cervical spine infarction
CONCLUSION: When a practitioner suspects that a patient may have fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE), they should take the patient's history and do a neurological examination. An MRI is required since it is thought to be the most accurate method of diagnosing FCE.PMID:38694385 | PMC:PMC11060198 | DOI:10.1097/MS9.0000000000002005 (Source: Hand Surgery)
Source: Hand Surgery - May 2, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Widad Abu Mayyala Nawras Abu Aqeel Afnan W M Jobran Farah Shaheen Mohammed Abdulrazzak Yousef Alhroub Source Type: research
Management of Seizures and Epilepsy in patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis
Can J Neurol Sci. 2024 May 2:1-2. doi: 10.1017/cjn.2024.63. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38695146 | DOI:10.1017/cjn.2024.63 (Source: The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences)
Source: The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences - May 2, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jorge G Burneo Source Type: research
Fear, defense, and emotion: A neuroethological understanding of the negative valence research domain criteria
We describe the close correspondence between predatory imminence continuum theory (PICT) and the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) for negative valence. RDoC's negative valence constructs relate aversively motivated behavioral reactions to various levels of threat. PICT divides defensive responses into distinct modes that vary along a continuum of the psychological closeness of predatory threat. While there is a close correspondence between PICT modes and negative valence threat constructs, based on PICT, we describe some potential elaborations of RDoC constructs. Both have consonant vie...
Source: The American Psychologist - May 2, 2024 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael S Fanselow Ann N Hoffman Source Type: research
Non-invasive high-frequency ventilation in newborn infants with respiratory distress
CONCLUSIONS: For initial RS, we are very uncertain if using nHFV compared to invasive respiratory therapy affects clinical outcomes. However, nHFV may reduce intubation when compared to nCPAP. For planned extubation, nHFV may reduce the risk of reintubation compared to nCPAP and nIPPV. nHFV may reduce the risk of CLD when compared to nCPAP. Following initial non-invasive respiratory support failure, nHFV when compared to nIPPV may result in little to no difference in intubation. Large trials, particularly in high-income settings, are needed to determine the role of nHFV in initial RS and following the failure of other non-...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 2, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mohamed E Abdel-Latif Olive Tan Michelle Fiander David A Osborn Source Type: research
Dexmedetomidine for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increasing use of dexmedetomidine, there is insufficient evidence supporting its routine use for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants on mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, data on dexmedetomidine safety are scarce, and there are no data available on its long-term effects. Future studies should address the efficacy, safety, and long-term effects of dexmedetomidine as a single drug therapy for sedation and analgesia in newborn infants.PMID:38695625 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012361.pub2 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 2, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Jia Yi Lim Chin Jin Ker Nai Ming Lai Olga Romantsik Michelle Fiander Kenneth Tan Source Type: research
Abnormalities in pharyngeal arch-derived structures in SATB2-associated syndrome
Clin Genet. 2024 May 1. doi: 10.1111/cge.14540. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSATB2-associated syndrome (SAS, glass syndrome, OMIM#612313) is a neurodevelopmental autosomal dominant disorder with frequent craniofacial abnormalities including palatal and dental anomalies. To assess the role of Satb2 in craniofacial development, we analyzed mutant mice at different stages of development. Here, we show that Satb2 is broadly expressed in early embryonic mouse development including the mesenchyme of the second and third arches. Satb2-/- mutant mice exhibit microglossia, a shortened lower jaw, smaller trigeminal ganglia, and lar...
Source: Clinical Genetics - May 2, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Yuri A Zarate Katherine Bosanko Nada Derar Jennifer L Fish Source Type: research
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Neuronal Degeneration in Early-Stage Diabetic Retinopathy
CONCLUSION: Current DR treatments primarily address vascular symptoms but fall short of preventing or halting the disease. Insights into the mechanisms of retinal neurodegeneration in the setting of diabetes mellitus not only enhance our understanding of DR but also pave the way for future therapeutic interventions aimed at preventing disease progression and preserving vision.PMID:38693745 | DOI:10.2174/0115701611272737240426050930 (Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology)
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - May 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andrew Callan Sonal Jha Laura Valdez Andrew Tsin Source Type: research
The heterogeneous sensitivity of pediatric brain tumors to different oncolytic viruses is predicted by unique gene expression profiles
Mol Ther Oncol. 2024 Apr 15;32(2):200804. doi: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200804. eCollection 2024 Jun 20.ABSTRACTDespite decades of research, the prognosis of high-grade pediatric brain tumors (PBTs) remains dismal; however, recent cases of favorable clinical responses were documented in clinical trials using oncolytic viruses (OVs). In the current study, we employed four different species of OVs: adenovirus Delta24-RGD, herpes simplex virus rQNestin34.5v1, reovirus R124, and the non-virulent Newcastle disease virus rNDV-F0-GFP against three entities of PBTs (high-grade gliomas, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors, and ependymoma...
Source: Herpes - May 2, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Konstantinos Vazaios Εftychia Stavrakaki Lisette B Vogelezang Jie Ju Piotr Waranecki Dennis S Metselaar Micha ël H Meel Vera Kemp Bernadette G van den Hoogen Rob C Hoeben E Antonio Chiocca William F Goins Andrew Stubbs Yunlei Li Marta M Alonso Friso G C Source Type: research
Temporal dynamics of ocular torsion and vertical vergence during visual, vestibular, and visuovestibular rotations
This study investigated the onset times of ocular torsion (OT) and vertical vergence (VV) during visual, vestibular, and visuovestibular motion, as well as their relative decay rates following prolonged optokinetic stimulations. Temporal characteristics were retrieved from three separate investigations where the level of visual clutter and acceleration were controlled. Video eye-tracking was used to retrieve the eye-movement parameters from a total of 41 healthy participants across all trials. Ocular torsion consistently initiated earlier than vertical vergence, particularly evident under intensified visual information den...
Source: Brain Research - May 2, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Tobias Wibble Source Type: research
Clinical and histopathological characteristics of acute kidney injury in a cohort of brain death donors with procurement biopsies
CONCLUSION: Serum creatinine is more suitable than urine output for defining AKI in donors with brain death. There are distinct clinical risk factors for each AKI-ICU phenotype. Donor AKI phenotype does not predict the recipient´s prognosis. Kidney biopsies do not seem to confer any tangible benefit in defining AKI in donors with brain death.PMID:38696077 | DOI:10.1007/s40620-024-01940-9 (Source: Journal of Nephrology)
Source: Journal of Nephrology - May 2, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Florian G Scurt Angela Ernst Alexandra Korda Carl-Ludwig Fischer-Fr öhlich Anke Schwarz Jan U Becker Christos Chatzikyrkou Source Type: research
Anti-coagulants-induced intracranial hemorrhage managed with decompressive craniectomy: a case report of lesson learned
CONCLUSION: In the background of the low prevalence of OACs-induced ICH, there is an absence of a robust guiding treatment protocol. Furthermore, there exist minimal reported cases which underwent surgical intervention and resulted in a good prognosis.PMID:38694382 | PMC:PMC11060273 | DOI:10.1097/MS9.0000000000001996 (Source: Annals of Medicine)
Source: Annals of Medicine - May 2, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sagun Ghimire Shikher Shrestha Dinuj Shrestha Ananta Maharjan Bibek Jaiswal Prabin Chaudhary Sharon Sherpa Source Type: research
Brentuximab-induced pneumonitis and organizing pneumonia: a case report with literiture review
CONCLUSION: Physicians must have a high index of suspicion for BV-induced pneumonitis, hence, early recognition with subsequent holding of the causative agent, initiation of immunosuppression with steroids, and occasionally steroid-sparing medications, prevent an otherwise fatal outcome.PMID:38694384 | PMC:PMC11060267 | DOI:10.1097/MS9.0000000000001878 (Source: Annals of Medicine)
Source: Annals of Medicine - May 2, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Omar R S Khalil Shatha M A Mallah Fahed Owda Hamza Salim Haneen Mallah Jehad Azar Source Type: research
Cytarabine-induced peripheral neuropathy in a young patient with acute myeloid leukemia: a case report
CONCLUSION: Although rare, even a conventional dosage of cytarabine can cause peripheral neuropathy, and routine neuromuscular examinations can help in the early diagnosis and intervention to limit further progression and reverse the course of the disease.PMID:38694396 | PMC:PMC11060256 | DOI:10.1097/MS9.0000000000001937 (Source: Annals of Medicine)
Source: Annals of Medicine - May 2, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kshitiz Karki Sugat Adhikari Suraj Shrestha Jenish Bhandari Bidisha Baral Aastha Baral Source Type: research
