Benefit-risk assessment for the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373)
Vaccine. 2024 Mar 16:S0264-410X(24)00323-2. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.036. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA benefit-risk assessment of NVX-CoV2373, a vaccine to prevent COVID-19, was conducted to determine if the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks of myocarditis/pericarditis. This analysis used data on myocarditis/pericarditis cases observed in the NVX-CoV2373 clinical studies, real-world data of mRNA COVID vaccine effectiveness against predominant SARS-CoV-2 strains in early 2023, and recent COVID-19 burden of disease data from the United States. The benefits of NVX-CoV2373 vaccination were estimated as the nu...
Source: Vaccine - March 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jonathan Fix T Christopher Mast Katherine Smith Nicole Baker Source Type: research
Fulminant myocarditis during postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for lung cancer with atezolizumab: a case report
ConclusionMyocarditis can be fatal due to the rapid progression of symptoms. Close follow-up, a prompt diagnosis, and therapeutic intervention are important. Decreased lymphocyte counts, increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, and the measurement of multiple myocardial biomarkers are considered useful for the early diagnosis of myocarditis. (Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports)
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - March 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Novel Use of Abatacept and Ruxolitinib as Salvage Therapy in Steroid-Refractory Immune Checkpoint Blockade-Induced Myocarditis with Myasthenia and Myositis Overlap Syndrome
An 81-year-old female with stage IIIB melanoma presented to an outside hospital complaining of fatigue, muscle aches, shortness of breath, eyelid drooping, and difficulty swallowing. Two weeks prior, she had received her first and only dose of PD-1 blockade, nivolumab. A 12-lead electrocardiogram at the time of admission revealed sinus tachycardia at 106 beats per minute. Lab investigations were remarkable for elevated high-sensitivity troponin-T levels of 762 ng/mL (reference range (Source: European Journal of Cancer)
Source: European Journal of Cancer - March 16, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stefano H Byer, Colten Stewart, Shareef Mansour, Udhayvir S Grewal Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Clinical course and peculiarities of Parechovirus and Enterovirus central nervous system infections in newborns: a single-center experience
Conclusion: EV and HpEV CNS infections are not easily distinguishable by clinical features. In both cases, brain MRI abnormalities are not uncommon, and a severe course of the disease is possible. Hyper-ferritinemia may represent an additional diagnostic clue for HpEV infection, and its monitoring is recommended to intercept HLH early and initiate immunomodulatory treatment. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.What is Known:• Parechovirus and Enteroviruses are the most common viral pathogens responsible for sepsis and meningoencephalitis in neonates and young infants.• The clinical course and distinguishi...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - March 16, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Serum Troponin I Assessments in 5- to 30-Year-Olds After BNT162b2 Vaccination
ConclusionsAmong 5- to < 30-year-olds in both studies, troponin levels were rarely elevated (≤ 1.0%) and similar before and post-vaccination; troponin levels were also similar between BNT162b2 and placebo in 12- to 30-year-old and 5- to 11-year-old recipients in the respective studies. No myocarditis or pericarditis cases were reported. These findings did not provide evidence that BNT162b2 causes troponin elevations. No utility of routine measurement of troponin levels in asymptomatic BNT162b2 recipients was identified. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 15, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Germline HAVCR2/TIM-3 Checkpoint Inhibitor Receptor Deficiency in Recurrent Autoinflammatory Myocarditis
AbstractMyocarditis can be caused by viral infection, drug reaction or general inflammatory condition. To provide understanding on inflammatory myocarditis, we describe clinical, genetic, and immunological properties of a young male patient who suffered from recurrent myocarditis episodes since the age of four years. Electrocardiography, troponin I/T, echocardiography, myocardial magnetic resonance imaging and histological findings were consistent with recurrent myocarditis episodes. Homozygous c.245 A > G p.Tyr82Cys pathogenic variant in Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 (HAVCR2) gene encoding T cell immunog...
Source: Journal of Clinical Immunology - March 15, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Serum Troponin I Assessments in 5- to 30-Year-Olds After BNT162b2 Vaccination
ConclusionsAmong 5- to < 30-year-olds in both studies, troponin levels were rarely elevated (≤ 1.0%) and similar before and post-vaccination; troponin levels were also similar between BNT162b2 and placebo in 12- to 30-year-old and 5- to 11-year-old recipients in the respective studies. No myocarditis or pericarditis cases were reported. These findings did not provide evidence that BNT162b2 causes troponin elevations. No utility of routine measurement of troponin levels in asymptomatic BNT162b2 recipients was identified. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 15, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Mitochondrial extracellular vesicles, autoimmunity and myocarditis
For many decades viral infections have been suspected as ‘triggers’ of autoimmune disease, but mechanisms for how this could occur have been difficult to establish. Recent studies have shown that viral infections that are commonly associated with viral myocarditis and other autoimmune diseases such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and SARS-CoV-2 target mitochondria and are released from cells in mitochondrial vesicles that are able to activate the innate immune response. Studies have shown that Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and the inflammasome pathway are activated by mitochondrial components. Autoreactivity against cardiac my...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 14, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 21;25(5):2502. doi: 10.3390/ijms25052502.ABSTRACTIn recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the field of oncology, emerging as first-line treatment, either alone or in combination with other regimens, for numerous malignancies, improving overall survival and progression-free survival in these patients. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors might also cause severe or fatal immune-related adverse events, including adverse cardiovascular events. Initially, myocarditis was recognized as the main immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac event, but our knowledge of other p...
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Linda Piras Michela Zuccanti Paola Russo Francesca Riccio Antonio Agresti Camilla Lustri Domenico Dardani Armando Ferrera Vincenzo Fiorentini Giuliano Tocci Giacomo Tini Melato Massimo Volpe Emanuele Barbato Allegra Battistoni Source Type: research
Case report of scrub typhus complicated by hypokalemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
CONCLUSION: This report highlights the potential for atypical presentations of scrub typhus, including a previously undocumented association with hypokalemia. Although the contribution of hypokalemia to the patient's clinical course remains uncertain, this case underscores the importance of considering electrolyte imbalance in the management of patients with scrub typhus. Further research is warranted to better understand the relationship between scrub typhus and electrolyte imbalance.PMID:38477775 | DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0142.R1.08122023 (Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal)
Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal - March 13, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li Chen Yi Deng Peiying Huang Sisi Lei Shuling Liu Weitao Lin Zhishang Li Jing Zeng Miaochun Huang Qiuping Huang Qihua Wu Haobo Zhang Bojun Chen Source Type: research
Case report of scrub typhus complicated by hypokalemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
CONCLUSION: This report highlights the potential for atypical presentations of scrub typhus, including a previously undocumented association with hypokalemia. Although the contribution of hypokalemia to the patient's clinical course remains uncertain, this case underscores the importance of considering electrolyte imbalance in the management of patients with scrub typhus. Further research is warranted to better understand the relationship between scrub typhus and electrolyte imbalance.PMID:38477775 | DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0142.R1.08122023 (Source: Pain Physician)
Source: Pain Physician - March 13, 2024 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Li Chen Yi Deng Peiying Huang Sisi Lei Shuling Liu Weitao Lin Zhishang Li Jing Zeng Miaochun Huang Qiuping Huang Qihua Wu Haobo Zhang Bojun Chen Source Type: research
Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 21;25(5):2502. doi: 10.3390/ijms25052502.ABSTRACTIn recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the field of oncology, emerging as first-line treatment, either alone or in combination with other regimens, for numerous malignancies, improving overall survival and progression-free survival in these patients. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors might also cause severe or fatal immune-related adverse events, including adverse cardiovascular events. Initially, myocarditis was recognized as the main immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac event, but our knowledge of other p...
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Linda Piras Michela Zuccanti Paola Russo Francesca Riccio Antonio Agresti Camilla Lustri Domenico Dardani Armando Ferrera Vincenzo Fiorentini Giuliano Tocci Giacomo Tini Melato Massimo Volpe Emanuele Barbato Allegra Battistoni Source Type: research
Endomyocardial Biopsy in Clinical Practice: The Diagnostic Yield and Insights from a 5-Year Single-Center Experience
CONCLUSIONS: With advances in cardiac imaging modalities, EMB is not routinely indicated for the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy. However, EMB is still an important tool for diagnosing specific cardiac diseases and could be crucial for confirming the diagnosis. EMB is generally safe if performed at experienced centers.PMID:38479703 | DOI:10.1016/j.hjc.2024.03.004 (Source: Hellenic Journal of Cardiology)
Source: Hellenic Journal of Cardiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mutaz Karameh Karen Meir Abed Qadan Orit Pappo Dotan Cohen Ronen Durst Offer Amir Rabea Asleh Source Type: research
Case report of scrub typhus complicated by hypokalemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
CONCLUSION: This report highlights the potential for atypical presentations of scrub typhus, including a previously undocumented association with hypokalemia. Although the contribution of hypokalemia to the patient's clinical course remains uncertain, this case underscores the importance of considering electrolyte imbalance in the management of patients with scrub typhus. Further research is warranted to better understand the relationship between scrub typhus and electrolyte imbalance.PMID:38477775 | PMC:PMC10926963 | DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0142.R1.08122023 (Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal)
Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal - March 13, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li Chen Yi Deng Peiying Huang Sisi Lei Shuling Liu Weitao Lin Zhishang Li Jing Zeng Miaochun Huang Qiuping Huang Qihua Wu Haobo Zhang Bojun Chen Source Type: research
