Filtered By:
Condition: Diabetes Mellitus

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 16.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.

Altered Expression of Uncoupling Protein 2 in GLP-1-producing Cells after Chronic High Glucose Exposure: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut L-cell hormone that enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Several approaches that prevent GLP-1 degradation or activate the GLP-1 receptor are being used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In T2DM, GLP-1 secretion has been suggested to be impaired, and this defect appears to be a consequence rather than a cause of impaired glucose homeostasis. However, although defective GLP-1 secretion has been correlated with insulin resistance, little is known about the direct effects of chronic high glucose concentrations, which are typical in diabetes ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - January 6, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Urbano F, Filippello A, Di Pino A, Barbagallo D, Di Mauro S, Pappalardo A, Rabuazzo AM, Purrello M, Purrello F, Piro S Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

MEK/ERK pathway activation by insulin receptor isoform alteration is associated with the abnormal proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells in diabetic mice.
Abstract In previous studies, we have reported the abnormal proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in diabetes mellitus (DM) mice. The insulin receptor (IR) and its downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK also known as MEK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway is a classic pathway associated with cell proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of the MEK/ERK pathway in abnormal proliferation and differentiation of IECs in DM mice. DM mouse models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of strept...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - January 2, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ouyang H, Yang HS, Yu T, Shan TD, Li JY, Huang CZ, Zhong W, Xia ZS, Chen QK Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

Insulin response dysregulation explains abnormal fat storage and increased risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Cohen Syndrome
This study, in association with the in-depth analysis of the metabolic status of the patients, thus allowed us to recommend appropriate nutritional education to prevent the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and to put forward recommendations for the follow-up of CS patients, in particular with regard to the development of metabolic syndrome. We also suggest replacing the term obesity by abnormal fat distribution in CS, which should reduce the number of inappropriate diagnoses in patients who are referred only on the basis of intellectual deficiency associated with obesity.
Source: Human Molecular Genetics - November 5, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Limoge, F., Faivre, L., Gautier, T., Petit, J.-M., Gautier, E., Masson, D., Jego, G., El Chehadeh-Djebbar, S., Marle, N., Carmignac, V., Deckert, V., Brindisi, M.-C., Edery, P., Ghoumid, J., Blair, E., Lagrost, L., Thauvin-Robinet, C., Duplomb, L. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

TNF‐α stimulates System A amino acid transport in primary human trophoblast cells mediated by p38 MAPK signaling
In conclusion, TNF‐α regulates System A activity through increased SNAT1 and SNAT2 transporter protein expression in PHTs. These findings suggest that p38 MAPK may represent a critical mechanistic link between elevated proinflammatory cytokines and increased placental amino acid transport in obese and GDM pregnancies associated with fetal overgrowth. Altered placental amino acid transport is a common pathway which leads to pathological fetal growth. This study demonstrates that TNF‐α regulates amino acid transport activity in primary placental trophoblast cells via p38 MAPK‐dependent mechanism.
Source: Physiological Reports - October 27, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Irving L. M. H. Aye, Thomas Jansson, Theresa L. Powell Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

HMGB-1 as a Potential Target for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy.
CONCLUSIONS As a therapeutic target, HMGB-1 can inhibit inflammation and promote RGCs survival to delay DR progress through the HMGB-1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. PMID: 26454330 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - October 14, 2015 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Hydrogen peroxide mediates hyperglycemia-induced invasive activity via ERK and p38 MAPK in human pancreatic cancer.
In this study, we evaluate the underlying mechanism by which hyperglycemia modulates the invasive potential of cancer cells and contributes to their enhanced metastatic behavior. Here we show that hyperglycemia increases the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration through up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) expression, which further activates the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways, as well as the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, in a time-dependent manner. The invasion of pancreatic cancer cells resulting from the activation of the H2O2/MAPK axis under high glucose conditions is effectively inhibited by PD 9...
Source: Oncotarget - October 8, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Corin is down-regulated and exerts cardioprotective action via activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Conclusions: Our results indicate that corin plays an important role in cardioprotection by activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in DCM. Corin deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - October 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aiming PangYahui HuPengfei ZhouGuangfeng LongXin TianLi MenYanna ShenYunde LiuYujie Cui Source Type: research

Estrogen-Related Receptor γ Plays a Key Role in Vascular Calcification Through the Upregulation of BMP2 Expression.
CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that ERRγ plays a key role in vascular calcification by upregulating the BMP2 signaling pathway, suggesting that inhibition of ERRγ is a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of vascular calcification. PMID: 26404484 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - September 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim JH, Choi YK, Do JY, Choi YK, Ha CM, Lee SJ, Jeon JH, Lee WK, Choi HS, Park KG, Lee IK Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Bradykinin inhibits oxidative stress-induced senescence of endothelial progenitor cells through the B2R/AKT/RB and B2R/EGFR/RB signal pathways.
Authors: Fu C, Li B, Sun Y, Ma G, Yao Y Abstract Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have multiple protective effects that facilitate repair of damage to tissues and organs. However, while various stressors are known to impair EPC function, the mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced EPC senescence remains unknown. We demonstrated that B2 receptor (B2R) expression on circulating CD34+ cells was significantly reduced in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, CD34+ cell B2R expression in patients with DM was inversely correlated with plasma myeloperoxidase concen...
Source: Oncotarget - September 13, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Reduced silent information regulator 1 signaling exacerbates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetic rats and the protective effect of melatonin
In this study, we developed high‐fat diet‐fed streptozotocin (HFD‐STZ) rat, a well‐known type 2 diabetic model, to evaluate the effect of melatonin on MI/R injury with a focus on silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling, oxidative stress, and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4‐mediated ER stress. HFD‐STZ treated rats were exposed to melatonin treatment in the presence or the absence of sirtinol (a SIRT1 inhibitor) and subjected to MI/R surgery. Compared with nondiabetic animals, type 2 diabetic rats exhibited significantly decreased myocardial SIRT1 signaling, increased apoptosis, enhanced oxidative stress, and ER stress...
Source: Journal of Pineal Research - September 11, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Liming Yu, Hongliang Liang, Xiaochao Dong, Guolong Zhao, Zhenxiao Jin, Mengen Zhai, Yang Yang, Wensheng Chen, Jincheng Liu, Wei Yi, Jian Yang, Dinghua Yi, Weixun Duan, Shiqiang Yu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Reduced SIRT1 signaling exacerbates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetic rats and the protective effect of melatonin
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Pineal Research - August 20, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Liming Yu, Hongliang Liang, Xiaochao Dong, Guolong Zhao, Zhenxiao Jin, Mengen Zhai, Yang Yang, Wensheng Chen, Jincheng Liu, Wei Yi, Jian Yang, Dinghua Yi, Weixun Duan, Shiqiang Yu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 preserves non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress‐associated pathway
ConclusionGLP‐1 protected against NAFLD by inactivating the ER stress‐associated apoptosis pathway. In addition, the effect was possibly related to the signaling pathway of ERp46.
Source: Hepatology Research - August 18, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Na Ao, Jing Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Jian Du Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) preserves non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐associated pathway
ConclusionGLP‐1 protected against non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease by inactivating the ER stress‐associated apoptosis pathway. In addition, the effect was possibly related to the signaling pathway of ERp46. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Hepatology Research - July 4, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Na. Ao, Jing Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Jian Du Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Epigenetic Regulation of Placenta-Specific 8 Contributes to Altered Function of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Exposed to Intrauterine Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
This study provides strong evidence in neonatal endothelial progenitor cells that GDM exposure in utero leads to altered gene expression and DNA methylation, suggesting the possibility of altered epigenetic regulation.
Source: Diabetes - June 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Blue, E. K.; Sheehan, B. M.; Nuss, Z. V.; Boyle, F. A.; Hocutt, C. M.; Gohn, C. R.; Varberg, K. M.; McClintick, J. N.; Haneline, L. S. Tags: Genetics/Genomes/Proteomics/Metabolomics Source Type: research

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis Through Reactive Oxygen Species Signal Pathways in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus Models
Conclusion: The present study shows that enhanced NOX4 expression results in cardiac fibrosis through ROS-ERK1/2-MAPkinase-dependent mechanisms in diabetic cardiomyopathy. NOX4 could be an important target for H2S to regulate redox homeostasis in cardiac fibrosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;36:917-929
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - June 16, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research