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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Total 613 results found since Jan 2013.

Identification of a New Human Monoclonal Antibody that More Potently Prevents Malaria Infection
Malaria is a major disease caused by a parasite transmitted through the bite of infected female mosquitoes. Globally, an estimated 214 million cases of malaria and 438,000 deaths from malaria occur annually, with chidren in African and South Asian regions being most vulnerable. Approximately 1,500-2,000 cases of malaria are reported in the United States each year, mostly in returning travelers from malaria- endemic countries. Among the international travelers, military personnel, diplomats, pregnant women, children and older individuals with weakened immune systems are more likely to be at risk of malaria infection and mor...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - November 13, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research

What Can Parasites Tell Us About the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Asthma and Allergic Diseases
The same mechanisms that enable host defense against helminths also drive allergic inflammation. This suggests that pathomechanisms of allergic diseases represent evolutionary old responses against helminth parasites and that studying antihelminth immunity may provide insights into pathomechanisms of asthma. However, helminths have developed an intricate array of immunoregulatory mechanisms to modulate type 2 immune mechanisms. This has led to the hypothesis that the lack of helminth infection may contribute to the rise in allergic sensitization in modern societies. Indeed, the anti-inflammatory potential of helminth (worm...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 10, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Progress in Anisakis Allergy Research: Milestones and Reversals
AbstractPurpose of the reviewAnisakis has gained cosmopolitan celebrity mainly through its potential to induce allergic disease. In the last two decades, several regions in the world, including the Mediterranean region, Japan, or Korea have reported high numbers of Anisakiasis-accompanied allergic symptoms: Gastro-allergic Anisakiasis.Recent findingsRecent wide-scale epidemiological studies highlight the global scenario ofAnisakis for human health, and awareness is the main contributing factor. After two decades of research in the field ofAnisakis allergy, in the last years, molecular studies ofAnisakis allergens including...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - September 9, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Human Ascariasis: An Updated Review.
CONCLUSION: The average cure rate with anthelminthic treatment is over 95%. Unfortunately, most treated patients in endemic areas become re-infected within months. Health education, personal hygiene, improved sanitary conditions, proper disposal of human excreta, and discontinuing the use of human fecal matter as a fertilizer are effective long-term preventive measures. Targeting deworming treatment and mass anthelminthic treatment should be considered in regions where A. lumbricoides is prevalent. PMID: 32628606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Recent Patents on Inflammation and Allergy Drug Discovery - July 7, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov Source Type: research

< i > Anisakis simplex < /i > products impair intestinal epithelial barrier function and occludin and zonula occludens-1 localisation in differentiated Caco-2 cells
Conclusions/SignificanceOur results demonstrate thatA.simplex induces an early and reversible alteration of integrity and permeability of Caco-2 cell monolayer and that an underlying mechanism of this effect would involve the oxidative stress and disruption of epithelial tight junctions. Additionally, it has been shown that Ani s 4 allergen is able to cross the epithelial barrier. These findings could explain the increased intestinal permeability observed inAnisakis-sensitized patients, the changes over time in IgE sensitization toA.simplex allergens, and the specific IgE persistence inAnisakis allergy.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - July 5, 2020 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Noelia Carballeda-Sangiao Source Type: research

Cellular immune response of asthmatic children in the presence of anti-Ascaris antibody.
In this study, we analyzed the relationships between serum levels of anti-Asc IgE, IgG1, and IgG4, without concurrent infection by the parasite, and the presence of asthma. We measured cytokine levels from Th1, Th2, and Th17 profiles. Children aged 2-14 years old, asthmatics (n = 64), and non-asthmatics (n = 40) were selected according to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood criteria. Asthmatic patients who had positive skin allergy tests were considered to have allergic asthma. Stool exams were performed to exclude children who were parasitized by helminths/protozoans and blood samples were...
Source: Immunobiology - June 30, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Nóbrega C, Nascimento W, Lorena V, Medeiros D, Costa V, Albuquerque M, Barbosa C, Solé D, Sarinho E, Souza V Tags: Immunobiology Source Type: research

Urticaria and the gut
Purpose of review To review recent evidence on the association of urticaria and the gut diseases, focusing on the roles of chronic inflammation with or without Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection. Recent findings The connection between the gut and urticaria has been discussed for a long time. Some publications have shown that H. pylori can induce chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Recently, it was reported that upper gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders can cause CSU and trigger exacerbations independently of H. pylori. Summary Gastritis and especially H. pylori-induced gastritis has been implicated as p...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - June 25, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: SKIN ALLERGY: Edited by Thomas Werfel and Torsten Zuberbier Source Type: research

Fasciola hepatica-derived molecules as potential immunomodulators.
Abstract Through the years, helminths have co-existed with many species. This process has allowed parasites to live within them for long periods and, in some cases, to generate offspring. In particular, this ability has allowed Fasciola hepatica to survive the diverse immunological responses faced within its wide range of hosts. The vast repertoire of molecules that are constantly secreted in large quantities by the parasite, acts directly on several cells of the immune system affecting their antiparasitic capacities. Interestingly, these molecules can direct the host immune response to an anti-inflammatory and re...
Source: Acta Tropica - June 3, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Corral-Ruiz GM, Sánchez-Torres LE Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

What Are Potential Complications of Tattooing?
Discussion “Tattooing of skin via deposition of pigment particles and ink ingredients in the dermis changes normal skin into abnormal skin. Fortunately, this often causes no harm and no disease, although with important exceptions.” Tattoos can be inadvertent from road dirt, gunpowder, pencil graphite etc., but most are desired. Tattoos are common in many cultures and over time..They have been increasing in popularity in the United States over the past few years particularly with a younger, wider and more diverse population. Newsweek reported an 18-country study in 2018 which showed 46% of Americans have a tat...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 18, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

The search for the "healthy" blood eosinophil count
Although traditionally associated with allergy and parasitic infections, eosinophils are pleiotropic cells. They function as modulators of innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in the pathogenesis of several local and systemic inflammatory processes, tissue injury and tumour immunity [1]. In the respiratory tract, eosinophils are specifically associated with the development of allergic asthma and are recruited to the lungs by cytokines released by activated Th2 cells as part of the inflammatory response [2]. COPD is classically regarded as a Th1-mediated disease dominated by neutrophil cells; however, a subset of...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - May 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vedel-Krogh, S. Tags: COPD and smoking Editorials Source Type: research

Tinidazole: Another Therapeutic Option for Syphilis?
Abstract After the incidental observation of an almost complete resolution of maculopapular eruption in a patient having simultaneously secondary syphilis and trichomonas vaginalis infection, we extended the treatment with tinidazole (500 mg 4 times daily for 7 days) to 10 other early syphilis patients before the start of the conventional penicillin treatment. All patients showed marked improvement of their lesions in a few days. After the introduction of the conventional penicillin regimen, the lesions further improved and VDRL titers declined at least 4-fold within 6 months in all patients. Tinidazole is a 5-nit...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - May 13, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Drago F, Ciccarese G, Rebora A, Parodi A Tags: J Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Vaccines, Antibodies and Drug Libraries. The Possible COVID-19 Treatments Researchers Are Excited About
In early April, about four months after a new, highly infectious coronavirus was first identified in China, an international group of scientists reported encouraging results from a study of an experimental drug for treating the viral disease known as COVID-19. It was a small study, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, but showed that remdesivir, an unapproved drug that was originally developed to fight Ebola, helped 68% of patients with severe breathing problems due to COVID-19 to improve; 60% of those who relied on a ventilator to breathe and took the drug were able to wean themselves off the machines after 18...
Source: TIME: Health - April 14, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Urticaria and silent parasitism by Ascaridoidea: Component-resolved diagnosis reinforces the significance of this association
The objectives of this study were to analyse a possible relationship between parasitism by Ascarididae (Toxocara canis andAnisakis simplex) and the clinical expression of urticaria and to identify possible parasitic molecular markers for improving the diagnosis of unknown urticaria aetiology. The prevalence ofToxocara andAnisakis infestations was evaluated by measuring the levels of specific IgG (sIgG) and IgE (sIgE) antibodies against crude extracts and isolated components from whole larvae ofAnisakis simplex (Ani s 1, Ani s 3 and Ani s 7) andToxocara canis (TES-120, TES-70, TES-32 and TES-26) using immunologic and molecu...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 2, 2020 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Marta Vi ñas Source Type: research

Near-fatal anaphylaxis with Kounis syndrome caused by Argas reflexus bite: a case report
The pigeon tick Argas reflexus is a temporary parasite of pigeons. It bites during night hours and lies briefly on its prey, as long as it takes the blood meal. When pigeons are not accessible, ticks look for oth...
Source: Clinical and Molecular Allergy - March 18, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elisa Boni and Cristoforo Incorvaia Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Eosinophils, a Jack of All Trades in Immunity: Therapeutic Approaches for Correcting their Functional Disorders.
CONCLUSION: Eosinophils are cells endowed with multiple functions and their modulation with monoclonal antibodies and nutraceuticals may be effective in the treatment of chronic disease. Other: Mostly, in asthma, eosinophils provoke airway damage via release of granule contents and IL-13 with mucus hypersecretion and differentiation of Goblet cells. Then, tissue remodeling follows with secretion of transforming growth factor-β. Eosinophils are able to kill helminth larvae acting as antigen presenting cells with involvement of T helper (h)-2 cells and subsequent antibody response. However, they also exert pro-worm activity...
Source: Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders Drug Targets - March 10, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research