Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 3618: Use of Transient Time Response as a Measure to Characterize Phononic Crystal Sensors
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Phononic crystals are periodic composite structures with specific resonant features that are gaining popularity in the field as liquid sensors. The introduction of a structural defect in an otherwise periodic regular arrangement can generate a resonant mode, also called defect mode, inside the characteristic band gaps of phononic crystals. The morphology, as well as the frequency in which these defect modes appear, can give useful information on the composition and properties of an analyte. Currently, only gain and frequency measurements are performed using phononic crystal sensors. Other measurements like the tr...
Source: Sensors - October 25, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Sim ón Villa-Arango David Betancur R óbinson Torres Panayiotis Kyriacou Tags: Article Source Type: research
Neuroprotective Lithium Salts Protect Pancreatic β-Сells from Damage
We studied antidiabetic effects and cytoprotective activity of two lithium salts (lithium chloride and lithium carbonate) on the model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus type 2 in Wistar rats. Using the method of β-cells detection with antibodies to insulin, we demonstrated that streptozotocin reduced the number of β-cells and impaired their morphological structure. Both lithium preparations administered to diabetic animals for 28 days in doses of 10 and 8.9 mg/kg, respectively, attenuated the damaging eff ect of streptozotocin. This cytoprotective effect of lithium salts manifested in weakening of hyperglycemia...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 23, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Na+, K+-ATPase inhibition causes hyperactivity and impulsivity in mice via dopamine D2 receptor-mediated mechanism
Publication date: Available online 6 October 2018Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Yuki Kurauchi, Yuko Yoshimaru, Yuto Kajiwara, Taishi Yamada, Keigo Matsuda, Akinori Hisatsune, Takahiro Seki, Hiroshi KatsukiAbstractHyperactivity and impulsivity are common symptoms in several psychiatric disorders. Although dysfunction of Na+, K+-ATPase has been reported to be associated with the psychiatric disorders, it is not clear whether inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase causes behavioral effects, including hyperactivity and impulsivity, in mice. Here, we evaluated the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of ouabain, an ...
Source: Neuroscience Research - October 6, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Na+, K+-ATPase inhibition induces neuronal cell death in rat hippocampal slice cultures: Association with GLAST and glial cell abnormalities
Publication date: Available online 22 September 2018Source: Journal of Pharmacological SciencesAuthor(s): Yuki Kurauchi, Kazuki Noma, Akinori Hisatsune, Takahiro Seki, Hiroshi KatsukiAbstractNa+, K+-ATPase is a highly expressed membrane protein. Dysfunction of Na+, K+-ATPase has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, however, the underlying mechanism of neuronal cell death resulting from Na+, K+-ATPase dysfunction is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the mechanism of neurotoxicity due to Na+, K+-ATPase inhibition using rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures...
Source: Journal of Pharmacological Sciences - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Can lithium salts prevent depressive episodes in the real world?
To critically examine the effectiveness of lithium in preventing depressive symptoms (mixed and depressive episodes) in real life settings, taking into account adherence to drug treatment and its implications for the clinical costs of the disease. Overall, 72 patients with bipolar disorder initially treated with lithium carbonate were included and followed-up for 10 years. Patients were assessed every 8 weeks for morbidity and alcohol/drug consumption. Patients with good adherence to lithium had fewer episodes with depressive features than poor adherers (B = 2.405, p = 0.046) and also fewer manic and hypomanic epi...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - September 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ana Gonz ález-Pinto, Purificación López-Peña, Cristina Bermúdez-Ampudia, Eduard Vieta, Mónica Martinez-Cengotitabengoa Source Type: research
The effect of alkaline-earth substitution on the Li K-edge of lithium silicate glasses
We present the first Li K-edge XANES study of a varied suite of lithium silicate (LS) and lithium alkaline-earth silicate (LMS) glasses. The LS series contains three glasses with compositions LS4 (20 Li2O–80 SiO2), LS2 (33 Li2O–67 SiO2) and LS1.5 (40 Li2O–60 SiO2) and the LMS series is comprised of four glasses of compositions 20 Li2O–20 M2O–60 SiO2 where M = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba. The spectra were compared to those of known salts and minerals, particularly to lithium metasilicate (Li2SiO3) and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3). Crystalline lithium metasilicate has a sharp, strong intensity absorption edge whereas the l...
Source: Journal of Non Crystalline Solids - September 15, 2018 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Controllable formation of lithium carbonate surface phase during synthesis of nickel-rich LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 in air and its protection role in electrochemical reaction
Publication date: 15 January 2019Source: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Volume 771Author(s): J.T. Zhang, X.H. Tan, L.M. Guo, Y. Jiang, S.N. Liu, H.F. Wang, X.H. Kang, W.G. ChuAbstractIt has been well recognized that Li2CO3 is inevitably formed at the surface of nickel rich layered compounds (NRLC) upon storage in air which is usually considered to be detrimental to the performance. Actually, its formation may have been triggered during synthesis of NRLC. However, little is known of its formation during synthesis of NRLC in air and its interaction behaviors with electrolyte during electrochemical process. Herein, we succe...
Source: Journal of Alloys and Compounds - September 1, 2018 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Aripiprazole Versus Lithium in Management of Acute Mania: a Randomized Clinical Trial.
CONCLUSION: Lithium is more effective than aripiprazole in improving manic symptoms.
PMID: 30146495 [PubMed - in process] (Source: East Asian Archives of Psychiatry)
Source: East Asian Archives of Psychiatry - August 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Tags: East Asian Arch Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effect of Lithium Preparations on Cerebral Electrophysiological Activity in Rats
The study examined the effects of a novel neurotropic medication based on a lithium complex composed of lithium citrate, polymethylsiloxane, and aluminum oxide on electrophysiological parameters of the rat brain. In contrast to lithium carbonate (the reference drug), the novel preparation resulted in a wave-like dynamics of electrical activity in the visual cortex. Rhythmic photic stimulation of the rats treated with lithium carbonate resulted in appearance of the signs attesting to up-regulation of excitability of cerebral cortex in all examined ranges. In contrast, the complex lithium preparation diminished the delta pow...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 18, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Evolution of MRI characteristics of heatstroke in a patient with schizophrenia maintained with antipsychotic drugs
AbstractAlthough heatstroke commonly occurs in summer, herein, we present a case of heatstroke that occurred in March. The patient has been schizophrenic for over 20 years and has been receiving long-term medications, such as lithium carbonate, clozapine, and lorazepam. We analyzed the evolution of her cerebellar magnetic resonance imaging characteristics to determine the association of heatstroke in schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia are at high risk for developing heatstroke, possibly due to the use of antipsychotic drugs. (Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica)
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - July 19, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Lithium entrapped chitosan nanoparticles to reduce toxicity and increase cellular uptake of lithium
Publication date: July 2018Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 61Author(s): Geeva, Shoba NarayanAbstractLithium carbonate is an effective drug against bipolar disorders. Direct use of lithium carbonate has been reported to result in lithium toxication and pulmonary complications. With chitosan micro and nanoparticles gaining attention for their protein absorption, drug targeting and improved dissolution rate of sparingly water-soluble drugs, this work has focused on chitosan loaded Li as a possible alternative to Li alone for cellular uptake. Well standardized ionic gelation technique employed in this...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - July 11, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Mania-like elevated mood in rats: Enhanced 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations after sleep deprivation
In conclusion, SD increased 50-kHz USV emission, an effect prevented by acute lithium administration. This suggests 50-kHz USV as a new marker for mania-like elevated mood, which shows construct validity (associated with increased dopaminergic tone), face validity (reflecting increased positive affect) and predictive validity (high sensitivity to lithium treatment). (Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry - July 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Lithium entrapped chitosan nanoparticles to reduce toxicity and increase cellular uptake of lithium
Publication date: July 2018Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 61Author(s): Geeva, Shoba NarayanAbstractLithium carbonate is an effective drug against bipolar disorders. Direct use of lithium carbonate has been reported to result in lithium toxication and pulmonary complications. With chitosan micro and nanoparticles gaining attention for their protein absorption, drug targeting and improved dissolution rate of sparingly water-soluble drugs, this work has focused on chitosan loaded Li as a possible alternative to Li alone for cellular uptake. Well standardized ionic gelation technique employed in this...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - July 5, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Mania-like elevated mood in rats: Enhanced 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations after sleep deprivation
In conclusion, SD increased 50-kHz USV emission, an effect prevented by acute lithium administration. This suggests 50-kHz USV as a new marker for mania-like elevated mood, which shows construct validity (associated with increased dopaminergic tone), face validity (reflecting increased positive affect) and predictive validity (high sensitivity to lithium treatment). (Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry - July 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Nonthionamide Drugs for the Treatment of Hyperthyroidism: From Present to Future.
Authors: Suwansaksri N, Preechasuk L, Kunavisarut T
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disease. Although thionamide antithyroid drugs are the cornerstone of hyperthyroidism treatment, some patients cannot tolerate this drug class because of its serious side effects including agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, and vasculitis. Therefore, nonthionamide antithyroid drugs (NTADs) still have an important role in controlling hyperthyroidism in clinical practice. Furthermore, some situations such as thyroid storm or preoperative preparation require a rapid decrease in thyroid hormone by combination treat...
Source: International Journal of Endocrinology - June 2, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Int J Endocrinol Source Type: research
