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Almost 20% Of Nonsmoking Workers Are Exposed To Secondhand Smoke On The Job, Study Finds
(CNN) — People who don’t smoke can still be at risk for heart disease, lung cancer and stroke after they’re exposed to secondhand smoke. Almost 20% of nonsmoking workers in the United States were exposed to secondhand smoke while on the job, according to a study published Thursday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During 2013 and 2014, 1 in 4 US nonsmokers reported a secondhand smoking exposure and an estimated 41,000 adult nonsmokers’ deaths were linked to secondhand smoke. “Secondhand smoke exposure is an important public health issue … and has been recognized as on...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - July 12, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN secondhand smoke Smoking Source Type: news

Workplace Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among U.S. Nonsmoking Workers, 2015.
Abstract Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure contributes to ill health and disease, including heart disease, lung cancer, and stroke (1). Although cigarette smoking has declined among U.S. workers, workplace exposure to SHS remains high, particularly among workers in certain industries, such as construction (2,3). Implementation of smoke-free laws has proven to be beneficial in reducing SHS exposure in general (1). CDC analyzed data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Occupational Health Supplement to assess the prevalence of self-reported workplace SHS exposure among nonsmoking workers by sm...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - July 11, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Su CP, Syamlal G, Tamers S, Li J, Luckhaupt SE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Workplace Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among U.S. Nonsmoking Workers, 2015
Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure contributes to ill health and disease, including heart disease, lung cancer, and stroke.
Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report - July 11, 2019 Category: American Health Tags: MMWR Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report Smoking Tobacco Use Source Type: news

Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib for BRAF V600E-Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Patient Case Report
We report the case of a 70-year-old Asian woman (never smoker) who was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma in May 2014. Testing at diagnosis was negative for programmed death ligand 1 orEGFR,ALK, andROS1 alterations. She was started on carboplatin-pemetrexed-bevacizumab and maintenance bevacizumab but progressed in September 2015. Subsequently, she progressed on second-line nivolumab and third-line docetaxel. In March 2016, pleural fluid obtained at diagnosis tested positive for theBRAF V600E mutation and she received dabrafenib plus trametinib. She experienced rapid tumor shrinkage and symptom improvement and became able t...
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - June 26, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Publication date: Available online 24 June 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Maigeng Zhou, Haidong Wang, Xinying Zeng, Peng Yin, Jun Zhu, Wanqing Chen, Xiaohong Li, Lijun Wang, Limin Wang, Yunning Liu, Jiangmei Liu, Mei Zhang, Jinlei Qi, Shicheng Yu, Ashkan Afshin, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott Glenn, Varsha Sarah Krish, Molly Katherine Miller-Petrie, W Cliff Mountjoy-VenningSummaryBackgroundPublic health is a priority for the Chinese Government. Evidence-based decision making for health at the province level in China, which is home to a fifth of the global population, is of paramount importance. This analysis uses data from the...
Source: The Lancet - June 25, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Chronic conditions -- not infectious diseases -- are top 5 causes of early death in China
(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) Chronic diseases, such as stroke, ischemic heart disease, and lung cancer, now represent the leading causes of premature death in China, according to a new scientific study. The rise in non-communicable diseases reflects declines in maternal and child mortality over nearly three decades, largely the result of economic growth and increasing levels of education. In addition, China has instituted national programs targeting infectious diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - June 24, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and ozone and hospital admissions of Medicare participants in the Southeast USA.
We examined the association between average annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone and first hospital admissions of Medicare participants for stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, myocardial infarction (MI), lung cancer, and heart failure (HF). Annual average PM2.5 and ozone levels were estimated using high-resolution spatio-temporal models. We fit a marginal structural Cox proportional hazards model, using stabilized inverse probability weights (IPWs) to account for the competing risk of death and confounding. Analyses were then repeated after restricting to exposure levels below the c...
Source: Environment International - June 21, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Danesh Yazdi M, Wang Y, Di Q, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J Tags: Environ Int Source Type: research

Health impact and related cost of ambient air pollution in Tehran.
In this study, we estimated the avoidable mortality burden attributable to ambient air pollution in Tehran, and derived the economic impact associated with these health effects. Using PM2.5 data from ground-level air pollution measurements in Tehran, we estimated PM2.5 exposure for 349 neighborhoods in Tehran, by the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP-CE). We considered five scenarios related to PM2.5 levels: an increase to 35 μg/m3; a reduction to 25 μg/m3; a reduction to 15 μg/m3; a reduction to 10 μg/m3 (the WHO's air quality guideline value); and a full roll-back, assuming a reducti...
Source: Environmental Research - June 18, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bayat R, Ashrafi K, Shafiepour Motlagh M, Hassanvand MS, Daroudi R, Fink G, Künzli N Tags: Environ Res Source Type: research

Coronary heart disease remains UK ’s biggest killer
Number of deaths from CHD has halved in a decade in the UK, but still far ahead of lung cancer and stroke Related items fromOnMedica Heart disease and stroke deaths plummet in Scotland Type 2 diabetes in 10 times more young people than realised Night shifts worsen diabetes risk for unhealthy women Population weight control best for cutting diabetes prevalence Diabetes will soon cost NHS £16.9bn
Source: OnMedica Latest News - June 4, 2019 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Impact of current versus former smoking status on the outcomes of non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with upfront surgery; findings from the National Lung Screening Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with early-stage NSCLC, current smokers have worse overall, lung cancer-specific and progression-free survival compared to former smokers. PMID: 31055993 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine - May 6, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Expert Rev Respir Med Source Type: research

Sex Difference of Radiation Response in Occupational and Accidental Exposure
Conclusion and Outlook This review summarizes the data from major human studies on the health risks of radiation exposure and shows that sex can potentially influence the prolonged response to radiation exposure (Figure 1 and Tables 1, 2). These data suggest that long-term radiosensitivity in females is higher than that in males who receive a comparable dose of radiation. Our analysis of the literature agrees with the conclusions of the recent report on the Biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR VII) published in 2006 by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States (National Research Council, 2006). The B...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Predictors of mortality and disability in stroke-associated pneumonia
AbstractWhilst stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is common and associated with poor outcomes, less is known about the determinants of these adverse clinical outcomes in SAP. To identify the factors that influence mortality and morbidity in SAP. Data for patients with SAP (n = 854) were extracted from a regional Hospital Stroke Register in Norfolk, UK (2003–2015). SAP was defined as pneumonia occurring within 7 days of admission by the treating clinicians. Mutlivariable regression models were constructed to assess factors influencing survival and the level of di sability at discharge using modified Rankin Scale [mRS]...
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ultrasonography for Detecting Adhesions: Aspirin Continuation for Lung Resection Patients
Conclusion: Preoperative detection of pleural adhesions using ultrasonography was useful in selecting pulmonary resection patients who continued aspirin perioperatively.
Source: In Vivo - April 25, 2019 Category: Research Authors: YASUKAWA, M., TAIJI, R., MARUGAMI, N., KAWAGUCHI, T., KAWAI, N., SAWABATA, N., TOJO, T., TAKAHAMA, J., HAMAZAKI, N., HIRAI, T., TANIGUCHI, S. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Periodontal Disease Is Associated With Increased Risk of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusion: Periodontal disease is significantly and positively correlated with increased risk of hypertension in Chinese population, and exact mechanisms of this association should be explored in future. Introduction Periodontal disease is a complex polymicrobial inflammation, including gingivitis and periodontitis. According to the 2015 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, the prevalence of severe chronic periodontitis in 2015 has reached 616 million (Kassebaum et al., 2017). In China, the periodontal disease standardized DALYs rate has risen from 24.7 in 1990 to 25.7 in 2013 according to the data from 2013 GBD ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 24, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Ability to Suppress TGF- β-Activated Myofibroblast Differentiation Distinguishes the Anti-pulmonary Fibrosis Efficacy of Two Danshen-Containing Chinese Herbal Medicine Prescriptions
Conclusion: This study suggests that a clinically efficacious cardiovascular Chinese herbal medicine (DLP) can be successfully repurposed to treat a lung disease in pulmonary fibrosis guided by TCM theory. Our comparative study between DLP and DHP demonstrated a critical requirement of suppressing both pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, supporting that a multi-component prescription capable of “removing both phlegm and blood stasis” will better achieve co-protection of heart and lung in PHD. Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research