Host SAMHD1 protein restricts endogenous reverse transcription of HIV-1 in nondividing macrophages
SAM domain and HD domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a host anti-HIV-1 restriction factor known to suppress viral reverse transcription in nondividing myeloid cells by its dNTP triphosphorylase activity t... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 13, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Bijan Mahboubi, Christina Gavegnano, Dong-Hyun Kim, Raymond F. Schinazi and Baek Kim Tags: Research Source Type: research
Friend retrovirus infection induces the development of memory-like natural killer cells
Traditionally, NK cells belong to the innate immune system and eliminate virus-infected cells through their germline-encoded receptors. However, NK cells were recently reported to possess memory-like functions... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 6, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Elisabeth Littwitz-Salomon, Thanh Nguyen, Simone Schimmer and Ulf Dittmer Tags: Short report Source Type: research
RNA-induced epigenetic silencing inhibits HIV-1 reactivation from latency
Current antiretroviral therapy is effective in controlling HIV-1 infection. However, cessation of therapy is associated with rapid return of viremia from the viral reservoir. Eradicating the HIV-1 reservoir ha... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 4, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Catalina M éndez, Scott Ledger, Kathy Petoumenos, Chantelle Ahlenstiel and Anthony D. Kelleher Tags: Research Source Type: research
Adeno-associated virus gene delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies as prevention and therapy against HIV-1
Vectored gene delivery of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) using recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is a promising alternative to conventional vaccines for preventing new HIV-1 infections a... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 1, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Allen Lin and Alejandro B. Balazs Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cellular RelB interacts with the transactivator Tat and enhance HIV-1 expression
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein plays an essential role in HIV-1 gene transcription. Tat transactivates HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-directed gene expression through direct interact... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Meng Wang, Wei Yang, Yu Chen, Jian Wang, Juan Tan and Wentao Qiao Tags: Research Source Type: research
Potent suppression of HIV-1 cell attachment by Kudzu root extract
There is a constant need to improve antiretrovirals against HIV since therapy is limited by cost, side effects and the emergence of drug resistance. Kudzu is a climbing vine from which the root extract (Pueraria ... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: S. Mediouni, J. A. Jablonski, S. Tsuda, A. Richard, C. Kessing, M. V. Andrade, A. Biswas, Y. Even, T. Tellinghuisen, H. Choe, M. Cameron, M. Stevenson and S. T. Valente Tags: Research Source Type: research
Stabilizing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers to induce neutralizing antibodies
An effective HIV-1 vaccine probably will need to be able to induce broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) in order to be efficacious. The many bNAbs that have been isolated from HIV-1 infected patients ... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 12, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Alba Torrents de la Pe ña and Rogier W. Sanders Tags: Review Source Type: research
Next-generation sequencing analyses of the emergence and maintenance of mutations in CTL epitopes in HIV controllers with differential viremia control
Despite the low level of viral replication in HIV controllers (HICs), studies have reported viral mutations related to escape from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response in HIV-1 plasma sequences. Thus, evaluat... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 10, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Diogo Gama Caetano, Fernanda Heloise C ôrtes, Gonzalo Bello, Sylvia Lopes Maia Teixeira, Brenda Hoagland, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Gonçalves Veloso, Monick Lindenmeyer Guimarães and Mariza Gonçalves Morgado Tags: Research Source Type: research
Proceedings of the Frontiers in Retrovirology Conference 2018
(Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 7, 2018 Category: Virology Tags: Meeting Abstracts Source Type: research
Development of broadly neutralizing antibodies in HIV-1 infected elite neutralizers
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), able to prevent viral entry by diverse global viruses, are a major focus of HIV vaccine design, with data from animal studies confirming their ability to prevent HIV in... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - September 5, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Elise Landais and Penny L. Moore Tags: Review Source Type: research
Engineering multi-specific antibodies against HIV-1
As increasing numbers of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against HIV-1 enter clinical trials, it is becoming evident that combinations of mAbs are necessary to block infection by the diverse ... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - August 29, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Neal N. Padte, Jian Yu, Yaoxing Huang and David D. Ho Tags: Review Source Type: research
Nomenclature for endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loci
Retroviral integration into germline DNA can result in the formation of a vertically inherited proviral sequence called an endogenous retrovirus (ERV). Over the course of their evolution, vertebrate genomes ha... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - August 28, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Robert J. Gifford, Jonas Blomberg, John M. Coffin, Hung Fan, Thierry Heidmann, Jens Mayer, Jonathan Stoye, Michael Tristem and Welkin E. Johnson Tags: Review Source Type: research
Importance of Fc-mediated functions of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies
Anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAbs) exhibit an impressive capacity to protect against chimeric SIV-HIV (SHIV) challenges in macaques and potently reduce viremia in both SHIV-infected macaques an... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - August 22, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Matthew S. Parsons, Amy W. Chung and Stephen J. Kent Tags: Review Source Type: research
Promoter expression of HERV-K (HML-2) provirus-derived sequences is related to LTR sequence variation and polymorphic transcription factor binding sites
Increased transcription of the human endogenous retrovirus group HERV-K (HML-2) is often seen during disease. Although the mechanism of its tissue-specific activation is unclear, research shows that LTR CpG hy... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - August 20, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Meagan Montesion, Zachary H. Williams, Ravi P. Subramanian, Charlotte Kuperwasser and John M. Coffin Tags: Research Source Type: research
Selective resistance profiles emerging in patient-derived clinical isolates with cabotegravir, bictegravir, dolutegravir, and elvitegravir
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are recommended for first-line HIV therapy based on their relatively high genetic barrier to resistance. Although raltegravir (RAL) and elvitegravir (EVG) resistan... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - August 17, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Maureen Oliveira, Ruxandra-Ilinca Ibanescu, Kaitlin Anstett, Thibault M ésplède, Jean-Pierre Routy, Marjorie A. Robbins and Bluma G. Brenner Tags: Research Source Type: research
