Replication competence of virions induced from CD4+ lymphocytes latently infected with HIV
Latently infected CD4 lymphocytes preclude cure of HIV infection, even with the most effective antiretroviral therapy. The replication competent latent HIV reservoir has been quantified with the terminal dilut... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - February 15, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Douglas D. Richman, Karissa Huang, Steven M. Lada, Xiaoying Sun, Sonia Jain, Marta Massanella and Bryson Menke Tags: Short report Source Type: research
Host mRNA decay proteins influence HIV-1 replication and viral gene expression in primary monocyte-derived macrophages
Mammalian cells harbour RNA quality control and degradative machineries such as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay that target cellular mRNAs for clearance from the cell to avoid aberrant gene expression. The role o... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - February 7, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Shringar Rao, Raquel Amorim, Meijuan Niu, Yann Breton, Michel J. Tremblay and Andrew J. Mouland Tags: Research Source Type: research
Sequential trafficking of Env and Gag to HIV-1 T cell virological synapses revealed by live imaging
HIV infection is enhanced by cell adhesions that form between infected and uninfected T cells called virological synapses (VS). VS are initiated by an interaction between Env and CD4 on cell surfaces and resul... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - January 15, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Lili Wang, Sudeh Izadmehr, Edwin Kamau, Xiang-Peng Kong and Benjamin K. Chen Tags: Research Source Type: research
Clonal anergy of CD117+chB6+ B cell progenitors induced by avian leukosis virus subgroup J is associated with immunological tolerance
The pathogenesis of immunological tolerance caused by avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), an oncogenic retrovirus, is largely unknown. (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - January 3, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Shuhai He, Gaoying Zheng, Defang Zhou, Gen Li, Mingjun Zhu, Xusheng Du, Jing Zhou and Ziqiang Cheng Tags: Research Source Type: research
Characterization update of HIV-1 M subtypes diversity and proposal for subtypes A and D sub-subtypes reclassification
The large and constantly evolving HIV-1 pandemic has led to an increasingly complex diversity. Because of some taxonomic difficulties among the most diverse HIV-1 subtypes, and taking advantage of the large am... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - December 22, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Nathalie D ésiré, Lorenzo Cerutti, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marine Perrier, Stefan Emler, Vincent Calvez, Diane Descamps, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Stéphane Hué and Benoit Visseaux Tags: Research Source Type: research
The role of exosomal transport of viral agents in persistent HIV pathogenesis
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite great advances in antiretroviral therapy, remains a lifelong affliction. Though current treatment regimens can effectively suppress viral load to undetecta... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - December 22, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Benjamin J. Patters and Santosh Kumar Tags: Review Source Type: research
Natural APOBEC3C variants can elicit differential HIV-1 restriction activity
The APOBEC3 (A3) family of DNA cytosine deaminases provides an innate barrier to infection by retroviruses including HIV-1. A total of five enzymes, A3C, A3D, A3F, A3G and A3H, are degraded by the viral access... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - December 17, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Brett D. Anderson, Terumasa Ikeda, Seyed Arad Moghadasi, Amber St. Martin, William L. Brown and Reuben S. Harris Tags: Research Source Type: research
Lipid levels, insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk over 96 weeks of antiretroviral therapy: a randomised controlled trial comparing low-dose stavudine and tenofovir
HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment are associated with changes in lipid levels, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated these changes in the first 96 weeks of treat... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - December 14, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Alinda G. Vos, Matthew F. Chersich, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Peter Zuithoff, Michelle A. Moorhouse, Samanta T. Lalla-Edward, Andrew Kambugu, N. Kumarasamy, Diederick E. Grobbee, Roos E. Barth and Willem D. Venter Tags: Research Source Type: research
Reduction of inflammation and T cell activation after 6 months of cART initiation during acute, but not in early chronic HIV-1 infection
To investigate the impact of early combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on inflammation biomarkers and immune activation during acute and early chronic HIV-1 infection. (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - December 12, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Hury Hellen Souza de Paula, Ana Cristina Garcia Ferreira, Diogo Gama Caetano, Edson Delatorre, Sylvia Lopes Maia Teixeira, Lara Esteves Coelho, Eduarda Grinsztejn Jo ão, Michelle Morata de Andrade, Sandra Wagner Cardoso, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Gonà Tags: Research Source Type: research
MBL2 gene polymorphisms in HHV-8 infection in people living with HIV/AIDS
Host genetic factors such as MBL2 gene polymorphisms cause defects in the polymerization of MBL protein and result in a functional deficiency and/or in low serum levels that can influence susceptibility to variou... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - November 27, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Viviane Martha Santos de Morais, Elker Lene Santos de Lima, Georgea Gertrudes de Oliveira Mendes Cah ú, Thaisa Regina Rocha Lopes, Juliana Prado Gonçales, Maria Tereza Cartaxo Muniz and Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Coêlho Tags: Research Source Type: research
HIV-1 immunogens and strategies to drive antibody responses towards neutralization breadth
Despite enormous efforts no HIV-1 vaccine has been developed that elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to protect against infection to date. The high antigenic diversity and dense N-linked glycan armor... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - November 26, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Jelle van Schooten and Marit J. van Gils Tags: Review Source Type: research
Antibody-mediated prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection
Novel broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting HIV-1 hold promise for their use in the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection. Pre-clinical results have encouraged the evaluation of these antibodies in h... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - November 16, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Henning Gruell and Florian Klein Tags: Review Source Type: research
Distinct gene expression signatures induced by viral transactivators of different HTLV-1 subgroups that confer a different risk of HAM/TSP
Among human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected individuals, there is an association between HTLV-1 tax subgroups (subgroup-A or subgroup-B) and the risk of HAM/TSP in the Japanese population. To inves... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - November 6, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Tadasuke Naito, Jun-ichirou Yasunaga, Yuichi Mitobe, Kazumasa Shirai, Hiroe Sejima, Hiroshi Ushirogawa, Yuetsu Tanaka, Tatsufumi Nakamura, Kousuke Hanada, Masahiro Fujii, Masao Matsuoka and Mineki Saito Tags: Research Source Type: research
The role of integration and clonal expansion in HIV infection: live long and prosper
Integration of viral DNA into the host genome is a central event in the replication cycle and the pathogenesis of retroviruses, including HIV. Although most cells infected with HIV are rapidly eliminated in vi... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 23, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Elizabeth M. Anderson and Frank Maldarelli Tags: Review Source Type: research
The expanding array of HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies
A large array of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV have been isolated and described, particularly in the last decade. This continually expanding array of bnAbs has crucially led to the identi... (Source: Retrovirology)
Source: Retrovirology - October 16, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Laura E. McCoy Tags: Review Source Type: research
