Breath analysis in detecting epilepsy
The aim of this proof of concept study is to investigate if an electronic nose (eNose) is able to
make a distinction between breath profiles of diagnosed epilepsy patients and epilepsy-free control
subjects. An eNose is a non-invasive device, with a working mechanism that is based on the presence
of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. These VOCs interact with the sensors of the
eNose, and the eNose has to be trained to distinguish between breath patterns from patients with a
specific disease and control subjects without that disease. During the measurement participants were
asked to breathe through t...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - April 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dieuwke van Dartel, H Jurgen Schelhaas, Albert J Colon, Kuan H Kho and Cecile C de Vos Source Type: research
Concordance in molecular genetic analysis of tumour tissue, plasma, and exhaled breath condensate
samples from lung cancer patients
Aim. Lung adenocarcinoma is characterized by poor prognosis and short survival rates. Therefore,
tools to identify the tumoural molecular structure and guide effective diagnosis and therapy
decisions are essential. Surgical biopsies are highly invasive and not conducive for patient
follow-up. To better understand disease prognosis, novel non-invasive analytic methods are needed.
The aim of the present study is to identify the genetic mutations in formalin-fixed
paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, plasma, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples by
next-generation sequencing and evaluate their utility in the diagnosis...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - April 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Asl ı Tetik Vardarli, Levent Pelit, Ceyda Aldag, Korcan Korba, Caglar Celebi, Tugberk Nail Dizdas, Umut Can Uzun, Eda Tayfur, Ayca Aykut, Haydar Soydaner Karakus, Ertan Baysal, Ozlem Goksel, Fusun Pelit, Femin Yalcin, Fatma Nil Ertas, Yasemin Basbinar, A Source Type: research
Relationships among bronchodilator reversibility, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, and the
parameters of the forced oscillation technique in adult asthma treated with inhaled corticosteroids
and long-acting β2 agonists combination
In bronchial asthma, both airway inflammation and reversible airway narrowing require assessment and
treatment. These two pathologies are treated primarily with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and
long-acting β2 agonists (LABA), respectively. Therefore, ICS-LABA combinations are widely used to
treat asthma. Airway inflammation and reversible airway narrowing are assessed primarily with
fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and bronchodilator reversibility (BDR). The forced
oscillation technique (FOT) has recently attracted attention as a method for assessing obstructive
respiratory disturbance. However, little is kn...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 29, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kohei Nishida, Takahiro Tsuburai, Yuko Komase, Hajime Tsuruoka, Baku Oyama, Hiromi Muraoka, Ayano Tsukune Usuba, Naoya Hida, Takeo Inoue and Masamichi Mineshita Source Type: research
Study of the beneficial role of exhaled nitric oxide in combination with GINA guidelines for
titration of inhaled corticosteroids in children with asthma
This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial role of FE NO in
combination with GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) guidelines for titration of inhaled
corticosteroids (ICS) in asthmatic children. Methods. It was a prospective and descriptive study.
Uncontrolled asthmatic children were randomized to two groups: group 1 (followed GINA guidelines) or
group 2 (followed GINA guidelines + FE NO modification for ICS titration). The two groups were
followed-up for 12 months. Results. The mean age of the patients in the study was 10 ± 4 years for
group 1 (n = 116) and 11 ± 5 years for group 2 (n = 108). There we...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 26, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: H Dinh-Thi-Dieu, A Vo-Thi-Kim, H Tran-Van, T Tang-Thi-Thao and S Duong-Quy Source Type: research
A pilot study: effect of erythrocyte lifespan determined by a modified carbon monoxide breath test
on glycosylated hemoglobin interpretation
In this study, we recruited 120 patients with diabetes
mellitus and 85 nondiabetic controls. The HbA1c and the RBC lifespan were detected by
high-performance liquid chromatography and the advanced carbon monoxide breath detection method,
respectively. Potential correlations of gender and age with HbA1c were analyzed and a receiver
operator characteristic curve was generated to get the HbA1c cut-off for every RBC lifespan group.
It was confirmed that HbA1c has no correlation with gender or age. The correlation formula between
the HbA1c diagnostic criteria and RBC lifespan was derived to correct the HbA1c diagnostic cr...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 26, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hong-Wei Chu, Yong-Jian Ma and Zhen-He Huang Source Type: research
Implementation of quality controls is essential to prevent batch effects in breathomics data and
allow for cross-study comparisons
This study applies within-study batch-effect-correction approaches to correct for
cross-study batch effects; suggestions are made that may help prevent the introduction of
cross-study variations. Three batch-effect-correction algorithms were investigated: zero-centering,
combat, and the analysis of covarian... (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 18, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Georgios Stavropoulos, Daisy M A E Jonkers, Zlatan Mujagic, Ger H Koek, Ad A M Masclee, Marieke J Pierik, Jan W Dallinga, Frederik-Jan Van Schooten and Agnieszka Smolinska Source Type: research
Two-step investigation of lung cancer detection by sniffer dogs
In this study, we sought to test two hypotheses: firstly, if dogs can be trained to
perceive LC-related VOCs in human urine, a substrate which is not influenced by the carrier
materials and may thus be a good candidate for large-number screening; and secondly, whether trained
dogs retain their perfor... (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 10, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Silvia Michela Mazzola, Federica Pirrone, Giulia Sedda, Roberto Gasparri, Rosalia Romano, Lorenzo Spaggiari and Albertini Mariangela Source Type: research
Effect of inhaled acetone concentrations on exhaled breath acetone concentrations at rest and during
exercise
Real-time measurements of the differences in inhaled and exhaled, unlabeled and fully deuterated
acetone concentration levels, at rest and during exercise, have been conducted using proton transfer
reaction mass spectrometry. A novel approach to continuously differentiate between the inhaled and
exhaled breath acetone concentration signals is used. This leads to unprecedented fine grained data
of inhaled and exhaled concentrations. The experimental results obtained are compared with those
predicted using a simple three compartment model that theoretically describes the influence of
inhaled concentrations on exhaled b...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - March 3, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Clemens Ager, Pawel Mochalski, Julian King, Chris A Mayhew and Karl Unterkofler Source Type: research
Detection of type2 biomarkers for response in COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous inflammatory lung disease. It is
important to identify patients who would respond to anti-inflammatory treatment. This prospective
study aims to determine how inflammatory biomarkers could be used to predict the potential effect of
inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in terms of symptoms and lung function. We evaluated the levels of
blood eosinophils, exhaled nitric oxide fraction at a flow rate of 50 ml s −1 (FeNO), alveolar
nitric oxide concentration (Calv), immunoglobulin E and atopy in 43 patients with symptomatic COPD
and correlated these expression lev...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 24, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yoshikazu Yamaji, Keiji Oishi, Kazuki Hamada, Yuichi Ohteru, Ayumi Chikumoto, Keita Murakawa, Kazuki Matsuda, Ryo Suetake, Yoriyuki Murata, Kosuke Ito, Maki Asami-Noyama, Nobutaka Edakuni, Tsunahiko Hirano and Kazuto Matsunaga Source Type: research
Investigation of sweat VOC profiles in assessment of cancer biomarkers using HS-GC-MS
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been studied in biological samples in order to be related to
the presence of diseases. Sweat can represent substances existing in blood, has less complex
composition (compared with other biological matrices) and can be obtained in a non-invasive way. In
this work, sweat patches were collected from healthy controls and volunteers with cancer. Static
Headspace was used for VOCs extraction, analysis was performed by gas chromatography coupled with
mass spectrometry. Principal Components Analysis was used to investigate data distribution. Random
Forest was employed to develop classi...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 24, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fernanda Monedeiro, Rodolfo Borges dos Reis, Fernanda Maris Peria, Cl áudia Tarcila Gomes Sares and Bruno Spinosa De Martinis Source Type: research
Association between breath methane concentration and visceral fat area: a population-based
cross-sectional study
High visceral fat area (VFA) is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease and overall
mortality, compared with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Recent reports
demonstrate that obesity is related to breath gas, which is produced by the intestinal microflora.
However, these studies define obesity using BMI, not VFA. In this population-based cross-sectional
study, we investigated the relationship between breath gases (methane and hydrogen) and both VFA and
BMI. A total of 1033 participants (62% women; age [mean ± standard deviation] 54.4 ± 14.9 years) in
the 2015 Iwaki Health Promotion Pro...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 24, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Naoki Ozato, Shinichiro Saito, Tohru Yamaguchi, Mitsuhiro Katashima, Itoyo Tokuda, Kaori Sawada, Yoshihisa Katsuragi, Masanori Kakuta, Seiya Imoto, Kazushige Ihara and Shigeyuki Nakaji Source Type: research
Breath-based non-invasive diagnosis of Alzheimer ’s disease: a pilot study
Early detection of Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) will help researchers to better understand the disease
and develop improved treatments. Recent developments have thus focused on identifying biomarkers for
mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI) and AD during the preclinical phase. The aim of this pilot
study is to determine whether exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be used as a
non-invasive method to distinguish controls from MCI, controls from AD and to determine whether
there are differences between MCI and AD. The study used gas chromatography —ion mobility
spectrometry (GC-IMS) techniques. Confoundi...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Akira Tiele, Alfian Wicaksono, Emma Daulton, Emmanuel Ifeachor, Victoria Eyre, Sophie Clarke, Leanne Timings, Stephen Pearson, James A Covington and Xinzhong Li Source Type: research
Association between increased breath hydrogen methane concentration and prevalence of glucose
intolerance in acute pancreatitis
Pancreatic damage, in the form of pancreatitis, intestinal bacteria and glucose imbalance could be
interrelated. The aim of this study was to investigate the breath hydrogen (H 2 ) and methane (CH 4
), which can indicate small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) status, and assess the link
between SIBO and glucose tolerance in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). This prospective study
enrolled 75 patients who were admitted for AP. A glucose breath test (GBT) which detects breath
hydrogen H 2 and CH 4 for SIBO with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for 120 min was
simultaneously performed to determine SIBO a...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dae Bum Kim, Chang-Nyol Paik, Ji Min Lee and Yeon-Ji Kim Source Type: research
Studies pertaining to the monitoring of volatile halogenated anaesthetics in breath by proton
transfer reaction mass spectrometry
Post-operative isoflurane has been observed to be present in the end-tidal breath of patients who
have undergone major surgery, for several weeks after the surgical procedures. A major new
non-controlled, non-randomized, and open-label approved study will recruit patients undergoing
various surgeries under different inhalation anaesthetics, with two key objectives, namely (1) to
record the washout characteristics following surgery, and (2) to investigate the influence of a
patient ’s health and the duration and type of surgery on elimination. In preparation for this breath
study using proton transfer reaction time-...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Michaela Mal ásková, David Olivenza-León, Prema D Chellayah, Judith Martini, Wolfgang Lederer, Veronika Ruzsanyi, Karl Unterkofler, Paweł Mochalski, Tilmann D Märk, Peter Watts and Chris A Mayhew Source Type: research
Does exposure to inflammatory particles modify the pattern of anion in exhaled breath condensate?
Exposure to environmental and occupational particulate matter (PM) induces health effects on the
cardio-pulmonary system. In addition, associations between exposure to PM and metabolic syndromes
like diabetes mellitus or obesity are now emerging in the literature. Collection of exhaled breath
condensate (EBC) is an appealing non-invasive technique to sample pulmonary fluids. This
hypothesis-generating study aims to (1) validate an ion chromatography method allowing the robust
determination of different metabolism-related molecules (lactate, formate, acetate, propionate,
butyrate, pyruvate, nitrite, nitrate) in EBC; (...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 13, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: J-J Sauvain, J-L Edm é, P Wild, G Suarez, O M P A Bezerra, A Talvani, E Algranti, A P S Carneiro, N Chérot-Kornobis, A Sobaszek and S Hulo Source Type: research
