Online monitoring of volatile organic compounds emitted from human bronchial epithelial cells as
markers for oxidative stress
Particulate air pollution is associated with adverse respiratory effects and is a major factor for
premature deaths. In-vitro assays are commonly used for investigating the direct cytotoxicity and
inflammatory impacts due to particulate matter (PM) exposure. However, biological tests are often
labor-intensive, destructive and limited to endpoints measured offline at single time points, making
it impossible to observe the progression of cell response upon exposure. Here we explored the
potential of a high-resolution proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) to detect the
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emi...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 14, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: L E Cassagnes, Z Leni, A H åland, D M Bell, L Zhu, A Bertrand, U Baltensperger, I El Haddad, A Wisthaler, M Geiser and J Dommen Source Type: research
High performance exhaled breath biomarkers for diagnosis of lung cancer and potential biomarkers for
classification of lung cancer
Exhaled breath analysis has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for diagnosing lung cancer
(LC), whereas reliable biomarkers are lacking. Herein, a standardized and systematic study was
presented for LC diagnosis, classification and metabolism exploration. To improve the reliability of
biomarkers, a validation group was included, and quality control for breath sampling and analysis,
comprehensive pollutants analysis, and strict biomarker screening were performed. The performance of
exhaled breath biomarkers was shown to be excellent in diagnosing LC even in early stages (stage I
and II) with surpassing 0.930 a...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 13, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yijing Long, Chunyan Wang, Tianzhi Wang, Wenwen Li, Wei Dai, Shaohua Xie, Yonghui Tian, Mingxin Liu, Yifeng Liu, Xiaoqin Peng, Yuanling Liu, Yinchenxi Zhang, Ruxin Wang, Qiang Li and Yixiang Duan Source Type: research
Monitoring of endogenous nitric oxide exhaled by pig lungs during ex-vivo lung perfusion
In the context of organ shortage for transplantation, new criteria for better organ evaluation
should be investigated. Ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) allows extra-corporal lung re-conditioning and
evaluation, under controlled parameters of the organ reperfusion and mechanical ventilation. This
work reports on the interest of exhaled gas analysis during the EVLP procedure. After a 1 h cold
ischemia, the endogenous gas production by an isolated lung of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide is
simultaneously monitored in real time. The exhaled gas is analysed with two very sensitive and
selective laser spectrometers developed...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Thibaut Chollier, Lucile Richard, Daniele Romanini, Ang élique Brouta, Jean-Luc Martin, Cécile Moro, Raphaël Briot and Irène Ventrillard Source Type: research
Real-time breath ammonia measurement using a novel cuprous bromide sensor device in patients with
chronic liver disease: a feasibility and pilot study
We developed a small portable sensor device using a p-type semiconductor cuprous bromide (CuBr) thin
film to measure breath ammonia in real time with highsensitivity and selectivity. Breath ammonia is
reportedly associated with chronic liver disease (CLD). We aimed to assess the practical utility of
the novel CuBr sensor device for exhaled breath ammonia and the correlation between breath and blood
ammonia in CLD patients. This was a feasibility and pilot clinical study of 21 CLD patients and 18
healthy volunteers. Breath ammonia was directly and quickly measured using the novel CuBr sensor
device and compared with b...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 2, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jinya Ishida, Tsunekazu Oikawa, Chika Nakagawa, Keiko Takano, Kouki Fujioka, Yoshio Kikuchi, Osamu Tsuboi, Kaoru Ueda, Masanori Nakano, Chisato Saeki, Yuichi Torisu, Yuichi Ikeda, Masayuki Saruta and Akihito Tsubota Source Type: research
Influence of coexistence of mild OSA on airway mucus hypersecretion in patients with COPD
The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
can cause multiple system damage, and the main physiological mechanisms are continuous hypoxia and
intermittent hypoxia (IH). Airway mucus hypersecretion is an important clinical feature of COPD,
which can cause a progressive decline of lung function, acute COPD aggravation, and disease
progression. The purpose of our study is to determine the influence of the coexistence of mild OSA
on airway mucus hypersecretion. Clinical data and airway epithelial samples of 36 subjects were
collected. The average fluorescence intensi...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - February 2, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nansheng Wan, Xin Tang, Hui Ding, Yuxia Yan, Yan Zhuang, Chao Qi, Qianqian Chen, Wei Xie, Jing Zhang, Yan Wang, Maoli Liang, Wen Ning and Jie Cao Source Type: research
A system for contact free energy expenditure assessment under free-living conditions: monitoring
metabolism for weight loss using carbon dioxide emission
Weight disorders are strikingly prevalent globally and can contribute to a wide array of potentially
fatal diseases spanning from type II diabetes to coronary heart disease. These disorders have a
common cause: poor calorie balance. Since energy expenditure (EE) (kcal d −1 ) constitutes one half
of the calorie balance equation (the other half being food intake), its measurement could be of
great value to those suffering from weight disorders. A technique for contact free assessment of EE
is presented, which only relies on CO 2 concentration monitoring within a sealed office space, and
assessment of carbon dioxide p...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mark Sprowls, Shaun Victor, Michael Serhan, Hugo Destaillats, Courtney Wheatley-Guy, Bruce Johnson, Doina Kulick and Erica Forzani Source Type: research
Oxygen-18 and carbon-13 isotopes in eCO 2 and erythrocytes carbonic anhydrase activity of Finnish
prediabetic population
Complex human physiological processes create the stable isotopic composition of exhaled carbon
dioxide (eCO 2 ), measurable with noninvasive breath tests. Recently, isotope-selective breath tests
utilizing natural fluctuation in 18 O/ 16 O isotope ratio in eCO 2 have been proposed for screening
prediabetic (PD) individuals. It has been suggested that 18 O/ 16 O fractionation patterns reflect
shifts in the activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA), an enzyme involved in the metabolic changes in
the PD state. To evaluate the applicability of the breath sampling method in Finnish PD individuals,
breath delta values (BDVs, ‰...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Anna K årlund, Teemu Kääriäinen, Vili M Kostamo, Tarja Kokkola, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Timo A Lakka, Jussi Pihlajamäki and Albert Manninen Source Type: research
Exhaled breath condensate in acute pulmonary embolism; a porcine study of effect of condensing
temperature and feasibility of protein analysis by mass spectrometry
The search for diagnostic biomarkers for pulmonary embolism (PE) has mainly been focused on blood
samples. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a possible source for biomarkers specific for chronic
lung diseases and cancer, yet no previous studies have investigated the potential of EBC for
diagnosis of PE. The protein content in the EBC is very low, and efficient condensing of the EBC is
important in order to obtain high quality samples for protein analysis. We investigated if advanced
proteomic techniques in a porcine model of acute intermediate-high-risk PE was feasible using two
different condensing temperatures for...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Inger Lise Gade, Jacob Gammelgaard Schultz, Lasse J ørgensen Cehofski, Benedict Kjærgaard, Marianne Tang Severinsen, Bodil Steen Rasmussen, Henrik Vorum, Bent Honoré and Søren Risom Kristensen Source Type: research
The comparison of two exhaled nitric oxide analyzers: NIOX VERO and SUNVOU-CA2122
As a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was widely
used in clinical practice. NIOX VERO (VERO) and SUNVOU-CA2122 (CA2122) are two commonly used eNO
analyzers in China. However, what's the difference and agreement between the two devices and whether
the two types of devices can be replaced by each other in the application of common respiratory
diseases have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare the two types of devices
and to evaluate the difference between them in clinical use and whether they could be replaced. FeNO
levels in 244 respiratory patie...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Wei Lei, Fei Li, Xiao-miao Tang, Shuang Bian, Jia-jia Wang and Jian-an Huang Source Type: research
Associations between sleep duration, lung function, FeNO and blood eosinophils among current
asthmatics (NHANES 2007 –12)
Short sleep duration potentially affects the risk of developing asthma and asthmatic exacerbation.
Our aim is to determine the associations between sleep duration with asthmatic phenotypes, fraction
of exhaled NO (FeNO), blood eosinophils, and lung function among current asthmatics. A total of 558
individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2007 –2012 were included
in this study. Self-reported sleep duration was divided into three groups: short ( ≤ 6 h), healthy
(7 –8 h) and long ( ≥ 9 h). By using a multivariate generalized additive model with binomial or Poisson
regression, ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 23, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zhigang Hu, Haoyu Zhang, Ke Hu and Xinyu Song Source Type: research
Detecting multiple sclerosis via breath analysis using an eNose, a pilot study
In the present study we investigated whether multiple sclerosis (MS) can be detected via exhaled
breath analysis using an electronic nose (eNose). The Aeonose TM (an eNose, The eNose Company,
Zutphen, the Netherlands) is a diagnostic test device to detect patterns of volatile organic
compounds in exhaled breath. We evaluated whether the Aeonose TM can make a distinction between the
breath patterns of patients with MS and healthy control subjects. In this mono-center, prospective,
non-invasive study, 124 subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of MS and 129 control subjects each
breathed into the Aeonose TM for 5 min. Exh...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: A R Ettema, M W P M Lenders, J Vliegen, A Slettenaar, M C Tjepkema-Cloostermans and C C de Vos Source Type: research
Nucleic acid detection and quantitative analysis of influenza virus using exhaled breath condensate
Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is increasingly being used as a non-invasive method for disease
diagnosis and environmental exposure assessment. We previously detected the nucleic acids of
bacterial pathogens in EBC. Influenza viruses can be transmitted through aerosols during coughing
and exhaling. Existing detection methods for influenza have various limitations. The EBC collection
method is convenient, non-invasive, and reduces the risk of exposure. We investigated the detection
of influenza virus in EBC using a sensitive nucleic acid testing method and performed quantitative
analysis to evaluate the present and c...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiaoguang Li, Minfei Wang, Jing Chen, Fei Lin and Wei Wang Source Type: research
Volatile organic compounds in a headspace sampling system and asthmatics sputum samples
This study aimed to
characterise the background signal generated from a headspace sampling system in a clinical site, to
evaluate intra- and inter-day variation of background VOC and to understand the impact of a sample
itself upon commonly reported background VOC using sputum headspace samples from severe asthmatics.
The headspace, in absence of a biological sample, was collected hourly from 11am to 3pm within a day
(time of clinical samples acquisition), and from Monday to Friday in a week, and analysed by thermal
desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Chemometric analysis identified 1120
feat...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rosa Peltrini, Rebecca L Cordell, Wadah Ibrahim, Michael J Wilde, Dahlia Salman, Amisha Singapuri, Beverley Hargadon, Christopher E Brightling, C L Paul Thomas, Paul S Monks, Salman Siddiqui and on behalf of the EMBER consortium Source Type: research
A review of the efficacy of a low-cost cancer screening test using cancer sniffing canines
One of the most powerful tools in fighting cancer is early detection, as it has been strongly linked
to greater chances of cancer survival. However, traditional cancer screening tests can cost hundreds
if not thousands of dollars and are therefore not an affordable option for many marginalized
populations. From a public health perspective, it is vital to research the use of inexpensive cancer
detection so that low-resourced patients have greater access to affordable cancer screening.
Numerous studies dating from the early 2000s to recent years have shown extensive evidence that the
exceptional olfactory system of can...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Srikar S Muppidi, Rishi Katragadda, Julia Lega, Taqiyya Alford, Carolyn B Aidman and Charles Moore Source Type: research
Monitoring peppermint washout in the breath metabolome by secondary electrospray ionization-high
resolution mass spectrometry
In this study, a secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometer (SESI-HRMS)
system was employed to profile the real-time exhaled metabolome of ten subjects who had ingested a
peppermint oil capsule. In total, six time points were sampled during the experiment. Using an
untargeted way of profiling breath metabolome, 2333 m/z unique metabolite features were determined
in positive mode, and 1322 in negative mode. To benchmark the performance of the SESI-HRMS setup,
several additional checks were done, including determination of the technical variation, the
biological variation of one subject within ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jiayi Lan, Amanda Gisler, Tobias Bruderer, Pablo Sinues and Renato Zenobi Source Type: research
