GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics of plasma and urine to evaluate metabolic changes in prostate
cancer
Prostate cancer (CaP) is a common cancer in men. Its late detection and inefficient diagnosis are a
challenge for researchers who are currently searching for new cancer-related indicators that would
facilitate better detectability of CaP and explain its pathogenesis. In the present preliminary
study, endogenous volatile metabolites were detected in plasma and urine samples by using the
metabolic fingerprinting approach. The analyses were performed using the GC-QqQ/MS technique in the
scan mode. The detected and putatively identified metabolites were statistically analyzed using
advanced univariate and multivariate st...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - September 22, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka, Renata Wawrzyniak, Ma łgorzata Artymowicz, Marta Kordalewska, Marcin Markuszewski, Marcin Matuszewski, Piotr Gutknecht, Janusz Siebert and Michał Jan Markuszewski Source Type: research
Exhaled breath analysis using cavity-enhanced optical techniques: a review
Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopies (CEAS) have gained importance in a wide range of
applications in molecular spectroscopy. The development of optical sensors based on the CEAS
techniques coupled with the continuous wave or pulsed laser sources operating in the mid-infrared or
near-infrared spectral regime uniquely offers molecularly selective and ultra-sensitive detection of
trace species in complex matrices including exhaled human breath. In this review, we discussed
recent applications of CEAS for analyzing trace constituents within the exhaled breath matrix
facilitating the non-invasive assessment of human...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - September 22, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gourab D Banik and Boris Mizaikoff Source Type: research
Identification of profiles of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath by means of an electronic
nose as a proposal for a screening method for breast cancer: a case-control study
The objective of the present study was to identify volatile prints from exhaled breath, termed
breath-print, from breast cancer (BC) patients and healthy women by means of an electronic nose and
to evaluate its potential use as a screening method. A cross-sectional study was performed on 443
exhaled breath samples from women, of whom 262 had been diagnosed with BC by biopsy and 181 were
healthy women (control group). Breath-print analysis was performed utilizing the Cyranose 320
electronic nose. Group data were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), canonical
discriminant analysis (CDA), and support vector ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - September 20, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lorena D íaz de León-Martínez, Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar, Patricia Gorocica-Rosete, Carlos Alberto Domínguez-Reyes, Verónica Martínez-Bustos, Juan Alberto Tenorio-Torres, Omar Ornelas-Rebolledo, José Alfonso Cruz-Ramos, Berenice Balderas-Segura an Source Type: research
High intestinal hydrogen production in runners after intake of fructose solution
Fructose intake is associated with increased consumption of processed foods, specifically in the
context of nutritional supplements. To assess gastrointestinal symptoms and hydrogen production
after the ingestion of a fructose solution in runners, healthy and sick persons. Hydrogen test (H2
test) was performed after the intake a solution with 50 g fructose along with the application of a
questionnaire to evaluate the gastrointestinal symptoms during the H2 test in three groups: Athletes
group (AG); control group (CG) with healthy subjects; and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group
(NAFLDG). Statistical analysis was...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 12, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Juliana M F Sicchieri, Gabriele Junqueira, Camila Sanches Manca, Anderson Marliere Navarro and Ricardo Brandt de Oliveira Source Type: research
Accurate real-time F E NO expirograms using complementary optical sensors
In this study
we report on a novel method for accurate, highly time-resolved, real time detection of F E NO at the
mouth. The experimental arrangement is based on a combination of optical sensors for the
determination of the temporal profile of exhaled NO and CO 2 concentrations. Breath CO 2 and
exhalation flow are measured at the mouth using diode laser absorption spectroscopy (at 2 μ m) and
differential pressure sensing, respectively. NO is determined in a sidestream configuration using a
quantum cascade laser based, cavity-enhanced absorption cell (at 5.2 μ m) which simultaneously
measures sidestream CO 2 . The...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 12, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lorenzo S Petralia, Anisha Bahl, Rob Peverall, Graham Richmond, John H Couper, Gus Hancock, Peter A Robbins and Grant A D Ritchie Source Type: research
A benchmarking protocol for breath analysis: the peppermint experiment
Sampling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has shown promise for detection of a range of diseases
but results have proved hard to replicate due to a lack of standardization. In this work we
introduce the ‘Peppermint Initiative’. The initiative seeks to disseminate a standardized experiment
that allows comparison of breath sampling and data analysis methods. Further, it seeks to share a
set of benchmark values for the measurement of VOCs in breath. Pilot data are presented to
illustrate the standardized approach to the interpretation of results obtained from the Peppermint
experiment. This pilot study was condu...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 8, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ben Henderson, Dorota M Ruszkiewicz, Max Wilkinson, Jonathan D Beauchamp, Simona M Cristescu, Stephen J Fowler, Dahlia Salman, Fabio Di Francesco, Gudrun Koppen, Jens Langej ürgen, Olaf Holz, Andria Hadjithekli, Sergi Moreno, Michele Pedrotti, Pablo Sinu Source Type: research
Breath diagnostics in the era of SARS-CoV-2 —clinical and research arena
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has transformed not just healthcare, but also economic
systems on a global scale. Despite significant efforts to contain the infection, it continues to
spread. Stringent infection control measures have been taken to minimise the transmission between
individuals and healthcare workers, especially those undertaking aerosol generating medical
procedures. The uncertainties surrounding infection transmission through breath tests in particular,
and to some extent faecal testing, will invariably cause concerns amongst both the patients and
healthcare workers. It is therefore pertinen...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 8, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: S Chandrapalan, K Persaud and R P Arasaradnam Source Type: research
Relevance between clinical status and exhaled molecules related to neutrophilic inflammation in
pediatric cystic fibrosis
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized with chronic inflammation with neutrophil and
related cytokines in airway secretions. We aimed to measure the levels of neutrophil related
inflammatory markers as nitric oxide, IL-8, IL-17, leukotriene B4 and neutrophil elastase as well as
e-cadherin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and to determine their relation with clinical
findings. Methods: We consecutively enrolled cystic fibrosis patients into our clinics between the
age of six and eighteen years who could cooperate for exhaled breath condensate to this case-control
study (n = 30). The age and sex matc...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 27, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: E Toprak Kan ık, O Yilmaz, E Ozdogru, H Alper, C Ulman, A Kanık, Y Simsek and H Yuksel Source Type: research
Recognition of breathprints of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the
Aeonose ® electronic nose
Objectives: There is a high unmet need in a non-invasive screening of lung cancer (LC). We conducted
this single-center trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the electronic nose Aeonose ® in LC
recognition. Materials and Methods: Exhaled volatile organic compound (VOC) signatures were
collected by Aeonose ® in 42 incident and 78 prevalent LC patients, of them 29 LC patients in
complete remission (LC CR), 33 healthy controls (HC) and 23 COPD patients. By dichotomous comparison
of VOC ’s between incident LC and HC, a discriminating algorithm was established and also applied to
LC CR and COPD subjects. Area under C...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 22, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ekaterina Krauss, Jana Haberer, Guillermo Barreto, Maria Degen, Werner Seeger and Andreas Guenther Source Type: research
Effects of high relative humidity and dry purging on VOCs obtained during breath sampling on common
sorbent tubes
Offline breath analysis by thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS)
requires the use of sorbent traps to concentrate and store volatile compounds. The selection of
which sorbent to use and best practices for managing high relative humidity are important
considerations to allow for reproducible, untargeted, biomarker discovery in water saturated breath
samples. This work aims to assess three commonly used sorbent materials for their use in breath
volatile sampling and determine how the high relative humidity inherent in such samples effects the
capture of volatile compounds of interest. Tenax...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Maxim Wilkinson, Iain R White, Royston Goodacre, Tamara Nijsen and Stephen J Fowler Source Type: research
Real-time breath analysis of exhaled compounds upon peppermint oil ingestion by secondary
electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry: technical aspects
Breath analysis by secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS)
has potential for clinical diagnosis and drug monitoring. However, there is still a lack of
benchmarking data that shows the capability of this technique and allows comparability with other
breath analysis techniques. In this regard, the goal of this study was the identification of
volatile compounds upon ingestion of a specific peppermint oil capsule to get benchmark data for
real-time breath analysis with SESI-HRMS. This was done in the framework of a consortium set up by
the International Association of Breath Resear...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Amanda Gisler, Jiayi Lan, Kapil Dev Singh, Jakob Usemann, Urs Frey, Renato Zenobi and Pablo Sinues Source Type: research
A spate of bad breath: report from the International Conference on Oral Malodour 2019
Description unavailable (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Saliha Saad and Jonathan Beauchamp Source Type: research
Breath carbonyl levels in a human population of seven hundred participants
In this study, we collected breath samples
from 692 participants and quantified C 4 –C 10 straight chain aldehyde levels. C 9 aldehyde was the
most abundant in breath, followed by C 6 . C 4 and C 5 appear to have bimodal distributions. Post
hoc , we mined our dataset for other breath carbonyls captured by our assay, which involves elution
of breath samples onto a solid phase extraction c... (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mitchell M McCartney, Carina J Thompson, Lauren R Klein, Josephine H Ngo, Jacqueline D Seibel, Fauna Fabia, Leslie A Simms, Eva Borras, Brian S Young, Juven Lara, Michael W Turnlund, Anh P Nguyen, Nicholas J Kenyon and Cristina E Davis Source Type: research
Exhaled volatile organic compounds analysis by e-nose can detect idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
The current diagnostic work-up and monitoring of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is often
invasive and time consuming. Breath analysis by e-nose technology has shown potential in the
diagnosis of numerous respiratory diseases. In this pilot study, we investigated whether exhaled
breath analysis by an e-nose could discriminate among patients with IPF, healthy controls and COPD.
Second, we verified whether these classification could be repeated in a set of newly recruited
patients as external validation. Third, we evaluated any significant relationships between exhaled
VOCs and Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) i...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Silvano Dragonieri, Giulia Scioscia, Vitaliano Nicola Quaranta, Pierluigi Carratu, Maria Pia Venuti, Michele Falcone, Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano, Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro, Onofrio Resta and Donato Lacedonia Source Type: research
Breath analysis for detection of viral infection, the current position of the field
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of rapid, cost effective, accurate, and
non-invasive testing for viral infections. Volatile compounds (VCs) have been suggested for several
decades as fulfilling these criteria. However currently very little work has been done in trying to
diagnose viral infections using VCs. Much of the work carried out to date involves the
differentiation of bacterial and viral sources of infection and often the detection of bacterial and
viral co-infection. However, this has usually been done in vitro and very little work has involved
the use of human participants. Viruses hijac...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 19, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Oliver Gould, Norman Ratcliffe, Ewelina Kr ól and Ben de Lacy Costello Source Type: research
