Impact of air pollution exposure on lung function and exhaled breath biomarkers in children and adolescents
A growing number of scientific papers focus on the description and quantification of the detrimental effects of pollution exposure on human health. The respiratory system is one of the main targets of these effects and children are potentially a vulnerable population. Many studies analyzed the effects of short- and long-term exposure to air pollutants on children ’s respiratory function. Aim of the present narrative review is to summarize the results of the available cohort studies which investigated how lung function of children and adolescents is affected by exposure to air pollution. In addition, an overview is provid...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 18, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Silvia Carraro, Valentina Agnese Ferraro and Stefania Zanconato Source Type: research
Non-invasive diagnostics of pathogenic bacteria using a breath sampler in children with cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common autosomal recessive disease causing thick, viscous secretions leading to pulmonary infections with pathogenic bacteria. As part of routine patient care, colonization and infection with these bacteria is monitored with cough swab or sputum cultures and sometimes bronchoalveolar lavage. In this cross-sectional proof-of-concept study in a cohort of CF patients we collected swabs or sputa and exhaled breath samples with the modular breath sampler (MBS), a newly developed two-way non-rebreathing sampling device. Pathogen specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were performed on the MBS sample...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 8, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Koen J van Aerde, Aniek Leegstraten, Corn é H van den Kieboom, Peter Merkus, Coosje Sintnicolaas, Sami O Simons, Michiel van der Flier, Ronald de Groot and Marien I de Jonge Source Type: research
Non-invasive diagnostics of pathogenic bacteria using a breath sampler in children with cystic
fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common autosomal recessive disease causing thick, viscous secretions
leading to pulmonary infections with pathogenic bacteria. As part of routine patient care,
colonization and infection with these bacteria is monitored with cough swab or sputum cultures and
sometimes bronchoalveolar lavage. In this cross-sectional proof-of-concept study in a cohort of CF
patients we collected swabs or sputa and exhaled breath samples with the modular breath sampler
(MBS), a newly developed two-way non-rebreathing sampling device. Pathogen specific polymerase chain
reactions (PCRs) were performed on the MBS ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 8, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Koen J van Aerde, Aniek Leegstraten, Corn é H van den Kieboom, Peter Merkus, Coosje Sintnicolaas, Sami O Simons, Michiel van der Flier, Ronald de Groot and Marien I de Jonge Source Type: research
Correlation between blood ketones and exhaled acetone measured with a semiconducting gas sensor
Breath acetone (BrAce) has been reported to be useful for monitoring the pathophysiology of patients
with diabetes. However, devices that measure BrAce are expensive, complex and uncommon. The FM-001,
originally designed to monitor a marker of weight loss in healthy people, is a device for measuring
BrAce. The FM-001 is a loading semiconducting gas sensor that is a simple and reusable device. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between blood total ketone bodies (TKB) and BrAce
measured with the FM-001 in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, through evaluation of that
correlation, we sought to detect...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - August 4, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Shingo Tsunemi, Yuta Nakamura, Kenichi Yokota, Tomoko Nakagawa, Hidekazu Tsukiyama, Yui Kubo, Takeshi Oyanagi, Ayaka Takemoto, Yoshio Nagai, Yasushi Tanaka and Masakatsu Sone Source Type: research
Nasal nitric oxide is decreased in acute mild COVID-19 and related to viral load
This study included 82
subjects with mild acute airway infection who did not need hospitalization: 43 cases (reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive for SARS-CoV-2 in routine testing from
nasopharynx) and 39 age- ( ±5 years) and gender-matched controls (RT-PCR-negative for SARS-CoV-2).
During acute infection, the cases had lower nNO compared to controls (158 [104 –206] vs. 232
[203 –279] nl min −1 ; p (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 17, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pekka J Tamminen, Dominik M Kerimov, Hanna Viskari, Janne Aittoniemi, Jaana Syrj änen and Lauri Lehtimäki Source Type: research
The adverse inflammatory response of tobacco smoking in COVID-19 patients: biomarkers from proteomics and metabolomics
Whether tobacco smoking affects the occurrence and development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a controversial issue, and potential biomarkers to predict the adverse outcomes of smoking in the progression of COVID-19 patients have not yet been elucidated. To further uncover their linkage and explore the effective biomarkers, three proteomics and metabolomics databases (i.e. smoking status, COVID-19 status, and basic information of population) from human serum proteomic and metabolomic levels were established by literature search. Bioinformatics analysis was then performed to analyze the interactions of prot...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 10, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tenglong Cui, Gan Miao, Xiaoting Jin, Haiyi Yu, Ze Zhang, Liting Xu, Yili Wu, Guangbo Qu, Guoliang Liu, Yuxin Zheng and Guibin Jiang Source Type: research
The adverse inflammatory response of tobacco smoking in COVID-19 patients: biomarkers from
proteomics and metabolomics
Whether tobacco smoking affects the occurrence and development of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) is still a controversial issue, and potential biomarkers to predict the adverse outcomes
of smoking in the progression of COVID-19 patients have not yet been elucidated. To further uncover
their linkage and explore the effective biomarkers, three proteomics and metabolomics databases
(i.e. smoking status, COVID-19 status, and basic information of population) from human serum
proteomic and metabolomic levels were established by literature search. Bioinformatics analysis was
then performed to analyze the interactions o...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 10, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tenglong Cui, Gan Miao, Xiaoting Jin, Haiyi Yu, Ze Zhang, Liting Xu, Yili Wu, Guangbo Qu, Guoliang Liu, Yuxin Zheng and Guibin Jiang Source Type: research
The need for multicomponent gas standards for breath biomarker analysis
Exhaled breath is a non-invasive, information-rich matrix with the potential to diagnose or monitor
disease, including infectious disease. Despite significant effort dedicated to biomarker
identification in case control studies, very few breath tests are established in practice. In this
topical review, we identify how gas standards support breath analysis today and what is needed to
support further expansion and translation to practice. We examine forensic and clinical breath tests
and discuss how confidence has been built through unambiguous biomarker identification and
quantitation supported by gas calibration stan...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 6, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kavita M Jeerage, Jennifer L Berry, Jacolin A Murray, Cassie A Goodman, Paulina K Piotrowski, Christina M Jones, Christina E Cecelski, Jennifer Carney, Katrice A Lippa and Tara M Lovestead Source Type: research
Short- and medium-term effect of inhaled corticosteroids on exhaled breath biomarkers in severe asthma
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the mainstay of therapy in asthma, but benefits vary due to disease heterogeneity. Steroid insensitivity is a particular problem in severe asthma, where patients may require systemic corticosteroids and/or biologics. Biomarkers sensitive to ICS over a short period of time could inform earlier and more personalised treatment choices. To investigate how exhaled breath biomarkers change over two-hours and one-week following monitored ICS dosing in severe asthma patients with evidence of uncontrolled airway inflammation. Patients with severe asthma and elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 4, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fahad H Alahmadi, Max Wilkinson, Brian Keevil, Rob Niven and Stephen J Fowler Source Type: research
Short- and medium-term effect of inhaled corticosteroids on exhaled breath biomarkers in severe
asthma
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the mainstay of therapy in asthma, but benefits vary due to
disease heterogeneity. Steroid insensitivity is a particular problem in severe asthma, where
patients may require systemic corticosteroids and/or biologics. Biomarkers sensitive to ICS over a
short period of time could inform earlier and more personalised treatment choices. To investigate
how exhaled breath biomarkers change over two-hours and one-week following monitored ICS dosing in
severe asthma patients with evidence of uncontrolled airway inflammation. Patients with severe
asthma and elevated fractional exhaled nitric ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 4, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fahad H Alahmadi, Max Wilkinson, Brian Keevil, Rob Niven and Stephen J Fowler Source Type: research
Millimeter-wave gas spectroscopy for breath analysis of COPD patients in comparison to GC-MS
The analysis of human breath is a very active area of research, driven by the vision of a fast,
easy, and non-invasive tool for medical diagnoses at the point of care. Millimeter-wave gas
spectroscopy (MMWGS) is a novel, well-suited technique for this application as it provides high
sensitivity, specificity and selectivity. Most of all, it offers the perspective of compact low-cost
systems to be used in doctors' offices or hospitals. In this work, we demonstrate the analysis of
breath samples acquired in a medical environment using MMWGS and evaluate validity, reliability, as
well as limitations and perspectives of t...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 27, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nick Rothbart, Victoria Stanley, Rembert Koczulla, Inga Jarosch, Olaf Holz, Klaus Schmalz and Heinz-Wilhelm H übers Source Type: research
Hematological biomarkers of systemic inflammation in genuine (physiologic and pathologic) halitosis
Halitosis is an unpleasant odor discharged through the oral cavity with a prevalence as high as
30% –50% of the general population. Conventional diagnostic methods have been focused on mouth air
analysis measuring the amount of sulfur compounds which does not directly reflect the cause of
halitosis. Also, the possible role of halitosis as an indicator of general health status has been
steadily suggested and inflammation has been constantly associated with aversive body odor.
Therefore, this study aimed to search for inter-relationships between hematologic indicators,
clinical characteristics, and halitosis measurem...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 22, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Seoeun Park, Jung Hwan Jo, Young Ku Kim and Ji Woon Park Source Type: research
Detection of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in exhaled breath with an electronic nose
This study demonstrates the feasibility of the Aeonose to discriminate between
malignant and benign thyroid disease. With a high NPV, low cost, and non-invasive nature, the
Aeonose may be a promising diagnostic tool in the detection of thyroid cancer. (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 20, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Max H M C Scheepers, Zaid J J Al-Difaie, Anne G W E Wintjens, Sanne M E Engelen, Bas Havekes, Tim Lubbers, Marielle M E Coolsen, Job van der Palen, Tessa M van Ginhoven, Menno Vriens and Nicole D Bouvy Source Type: research
Reproducibility and reporting, the routes to progress in breath research —highlights from the Breath
Biopsy Conference 2021
This article provides an overview of the highlights from this event. (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 14, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jonathan L D Lawson, Morad K Nakhleh and Agnieszka Smolinska Source Type: research
Tunable laser spectroscopy for carbon dioxide capnography and water vapor sensing inside a breathing
mask: application to pilot life support
This article presents the implementation of TLS and shows highly
time-resolved pilot breathing data for high-performance aircraft tests. (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 12, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lance E Christensen, Kamjou Mansour, Joachim D Pleil and Robert F Troy Source Type: research
