Food and lifestyle impact on breath VOCs using portable mass spectrometer —pilot study across European countries
In the modern world, many people are changing old dietary and lifestyle habits to improve the quality of their living —to treat or just prevent possible diseases. The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the food and lifestyle impact on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various population groups. It was done by employing a recently validated portable membrane-inlet mass spectrometer—MIM S. Thus, the obtained results would also represent the additional confirmation for the employment of the new instrument in the breath analysis. The pilot study involved 151 participants across Europe, including ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 30, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Milena Aleksi ć, Andrea Simeon, Djordje Vujić, Stamatios Giannoukos and Boris Brkić Source Type: research
Lactate in exhaled breath condensate and its correlation to cancer: challenges, promises and a call for data
Owing to its connection to cancer metabolism, lactate is a compound that has been a focus of interest in field of cancer biochemistry for more than a century. Exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and condensate analyses can identify and monitor volatile and non-VOCs, respectively, present in exhaled breath to gain information about the health state of an individual. This work aims to take into account the possible use of breath lactate measurements in tumor diagnosis and treatment control, to discuss technical barriers to measurement, and to evaluate directions for the future improvement of this technique. The ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Veronika Ruzs ányi and Miklós Péter Kalapos Source Type: research
Predicting particle deposition using a simplified 8-path in silico human lung prototype
Understanding particle deposition in the human lung is crucial for the assessment of environmental pollutants and the design of new drug delivery systems. Traditionally, research has been carried out by experimental analysis, but this generally requires expensive equipment and exposure of volunteers to radiation, resulting in limited data. To overcome these drawbacks, there is an emphasis on the development of numerical models capable of accurate predictive analysis. The most advanced of these computer simulations are based on three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics. Solving the flow equations in a complete, fully r...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 20, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: R Barrio-Perotti, N Mart ín-Fernández, C Vigil-Díaz, K Walters and A Fernández-Tena Source Type: research
Establishing a cell-based screening workflow for determining the efficiency of CYP2C9 metabolism: moving towards the use of breath volatiles in personalised medicine
The use of volatile biomarkers in exhaled breath as predictors to individual drug response would advance the field of personalised medicine by providing direct information on enzyme activity. This would result in enormous benefits, both for patients and for the healthcare sector. Non-invasive breath tests would also gain a high acceptance by patients. Towards this goal, differences in metabolism resulting from extensive polymorphisms in a major group of drug-metabolizing enzymes, the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, need to be determined and quantified. CYP2C9 is responsible for metabolising many crucial drugs (e.g., diclofen...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 18, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Franziska Lochmann, Aleksandar Nikolajevic, Valentina Stock, Sarah Kammerer, Monica L Fern ández-Quintero, Johannes R Loeffler, Klaus R Liedl, Jakob Troppmair, Chris A Mayhew and Veronika Ruzsanyi Source Type: research
Screening for volatile biomarkers of colorectal cancer by analyzing breath and fecal samples using thermal desorption combined with GC-MS (TD-GC-MS)
This study is the first attempt to document the using of TD-GC-MS to analyze both breath and fecal samples to search for volatile biomarkers of CRC. A full evaluation of the results described herein requires further studies involving a larger number of samples. Moreover, it is particularly important to understand the metabolic pathways of substances postulated as tumor biomarkers. (Source: Journal of Breath Research)
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 12, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Monika Śmiełowska, Tomasz Ligor, Wojciech Kupczyk, Jacek Szeliga, Marek Jackowski and Bogusław Buszewski Source Type: research
Identification of a characteristic VOCs pattern in the exhaled breath of post-COVID subjects: are metabolic alterations induced by the infection still detectable?
SARS-CoV-2 is expected to cause metabolic alterations due to viral replication and the host immune response resulting in increase of cytokine secretion and cytolytic activity. The present prospective observational study is addressed at exploring the potentialities of breath analysis in discrimination between patients with a documented previous history of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and, at the moment of the enrollment, exhibiting a negative nasopharyngeal swab and acquired immunity (post-COVID) and healthy subjects with no evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (no-COVID). The main purpose is to understand if trace...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - July 11, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Alessia Di Gilio, Jolanda Palmisani, Arcangelo Picciariello, Carlo Zambonin, Antonella Aresta, Nicoletta De Vietro, Silvana A Franchini, Gianrocco Ventrella, Marirosa R Nisi, Sabina Licen, Pierluigi Barbieri, Donato F Altomare and Gianluigi de Gennaro Source Type: research
Sterilization and reuse of masks for a standardized exhaled breath collection device by autoclaving
Exhaled breath research has been hindered by a lack of standardization in collection and analysis methodologies. Recently, the Respiration Collector for In Vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampling device has illustrated the potential to provide a consistent and convenient method for exhaled breath collection onto adsorbent media. However, the significant costs, compared to exhaled breath bags, associated with the standardized collector is believed to be the reason for limited widespread use by researchers in the exhaled breath field. For example, in addition to the sampling hardware, a single-use disposable silicon mask affixed wi...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Samuel T Shawn, Sean W Harshman, Christina N Davidson, Jae Hwan Lee, Anne E Jung, Ariel Parker, M Aaron Hawkins, Blake W Stamps, Rhonda L Pitsch and Jennifer A Martin Source Type: research
Exhaled breath condensate profiles of U.S. Navy divers following prolonged hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and nitrogen-oxygen (Nitrox) chamber exposures
In this study, we aim to determine if there is a specific breath profile of compounds in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) that is indicative of the early stages of pulmonary hyperoxic stress/PO2tox. Using a double-blind, randomized 'sham' controlled, cross-over design 14 U.S. Navy trained diver volunteers breathed two different gas mixtures at an ambient pressure of 2 ATA (33 fsw, 10 msw) for 6.5 h. One test gas consisted of 100% O2 (HBO) and the other was a gas mixture containing 30.6% O2 with the balance N2 (Nitrox). The high O2 stress dive (HBO) and low O2 stress dive (Nitrox) were separated by at least seven days and we...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - June 11, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: David M Fothergill, Eva Borras, Mitchell M McCartney, Edward S Schelegle and Cristina E Davis Source Type: research
Profiling volatile organic compounds from human plasma using GC
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) originating from human metabolic activities can be detected in, for example, breath, urine, feces, and blood. Thus, attention has been given to identifying VOCs from the above matrices. Studies identifying and measuring human blood VOCs are limited to those focusing on monitoring specific pollutants, or blood storage and/or decomposition. However, a comprehensive characterization of VOCs in human blood collected for routine diagnostic testing is lacking. In this pilot study, 72 blood-derived plasma samples were obtained from apparently healthy adult participants. VOCs were extracted from p...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 31, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ning Sun, Preethi Krishnan, Christiaan A Rees, Mingming Zhang, Keisean A J M Stevenson and Jane E Hill Source Type: research
Profiling volatile organic compounds from human plasma using GC × GC-ToFMS
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) originating from human metabolic activities can be detected in, for example, breath, urine, feces, and blood. Thus, attention has been given to identifying VOCs from the above matrices. Studies identifying and measuring human blood VOCs are limited to those focusing on monitoring specific pollutants, or blood storage and/or decomposition. However, a comprehensive characterization of VOCs in human blood collected for routine diagnostic testing is lacking. In this pilot study, 72 blood-derived plasma samples were obtained from apparently healthy adult participants. VOCs were extracted from p...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 31, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ning Sun, Preethi Krishnan, Christiaan A Rees, Mingming Zhang, Keisean A J M Stevenson and Jane E Hill Source Type: research
Review of linear and nonlinear models in breath analysis by Cyranose 320
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath specimens has potential for point of care (POC) screening due to ease of sample collection. While the electronic nose (e-nose) is a standard VOC measure across a wide range of industries, it has not been adopted for POC screening in healthcare. One limitation of the e-nose is the absence of mathematical models of data analysis that yield easily interpreted findings at POC. The purposes of this review were to (1) examine the sensitivity/specificity results from studies that analyzed breath smellprints using the Cyranose 320, a widely used commercial e-nose, and (2) det...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 25, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Maryan Arrieta, Barbara Swanson, Louis Fogg and Abhinav Bhushan Source Type: research
THC in breath aerosols collected with an impaction filter device before and after legal-market product inhalation —a pilot study
An accurate cannabis breathalyzer based on quantitation of the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) could be an important tool for deterring impaired driving. Such a device does not exist. Simply translating what is known about alcohol breathalyzers is insufficient because ethanol is detected as a vapor. THC has extremely low volatility and is hypothesized to be carr ied in breath by aerosol particles formed from lung surfactant. Exhaled breath aerosols can be recovered from electrostatic filter devices, but consistent quantitative results across multiple studies have not been demonstrated. We used a sim...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 21, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kavita M Jeerage, Cheryle N Beuning, Adam J Friss, L Cinnamon Bidwell and Tara M Lovestead Source Type: research
Volatolomics analysis of exhaled breath and gastric-endoluminal gas for distinguishing early upper gastrointestinal cancer from benign
In this study, exhaled breath and gastric-endoluminal gas of patients with UGI cancer and benign disease were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UVP-TOFMS) to construct UGI cancer diagnostic models. Breath samples of 116 UGI cancer and 77 benign disease subjects and gastric-endoluminal gas samples of 114 UGI cancer and 76 benign disease subjects were collected. Machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to construct UGI cancer diagnostic models. Classification models based on exhaled breath for distinguishing UGI cancer from the benign ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 2, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chengfang Xiang, Hang Yang, Zhongjun Zhao, Fulong Deng, Yantong Lv, Yanting Yang, Yixiang Duan, Wenwen Li and Bing Hu Source Type: research
Emissions and uptake of volatiles by sampling components in breath analysis
This study investigated emissions and uptake by three interface components, namely a silicon facemask, a reusable 3D-printed mouthpiece adapter, and a pulmonary function test filter compatible with the commercial Respiration Collector for In-Vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) breath sampling device. Emissions were examined before and after (hydro-)thermal treatment of the components, and uptake was assessed by exposing each material to 12 representative breath VOCs comprising alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, terpenes, sulphurous and nitrogenous compounds at different target concentration ranges ( ∼10 ppbV and ∼100 ...
Source: Journal of Breath Research - May 2, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Y Lan Pham, Olaf Holz and Jonathan Beauchamp Source Type: research
Association between one-year exposure to air pollution and the prevalence of pulmonary nodules in China
PM2.5 is a well-known airborne hazard to cause various diseases. Evidence suggests that air pollution exposure contributes to the occurrence of pulmonary nodules. Pulmonary nodules detected on the computed tomography scans can be malignant or progress to malignant during follow-up. But the evidence of the association between PM2.5 exposure and pulmonary nodules was limited. To examine potential associations of exposures to PM2.5 and its major chemical constituents with the prevalence of pulmonary nodules. A total of 16 865 participants were investigated from eight physical examination centers in China from 2014 to 2017....
Source: Journal of Breath Research - April 26, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yuanyuan Cao, Tao Sun, Zhanpeng Wang, Fang Lei, Lijin Lin, Xingyuan Zhang, Xiaohui Song, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Peng Zhang, Zhi-Gang She, Jingjing Cai, Shujuan Yang, Peng Jia, Jian Li and Hongliang Li Source Type: research
