Crash modification factors for high friction surface treatment on horizontal curves of two-lane highways: A combined propensity scores matching and empirical Bayes before-after approach
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 5;199:107536. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107536. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHorizontal curves are locations that, as a result of the changing alignment, may be a contributing factor in roadway departure crashes. One low-cost countermeasure to mitigate crashes at these locations is the installation of the high friction surface treatment (HFST), which increases roadway friction and is intended to help keep drivers on the roadway when traversing a horizontal curve. This treatment has been implemented at numerous curves in Pennsylvania, but the overall safety effectiveness is not known. The purpose of...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 6, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Vikash V Gayah Eric T Donnell Pengxiang Zhang Source Type: research
Geographically weighted machine learning for modeling spatial heterogeneity in traffic crash frequency and determinants in US
This study makes the best of Geographically Weighted Random Forest (GW-RF) model to explore the local associations between crash frequency and various influencing factors in the US, including road network attributes, socio-economic characteristics, and land use factors collected from multiple data sources. Special emphasis is put on modeling the spatial heterogeneity in the effects of a factor on crash frequency in different geographical areas in a data-driven way. The GW-RF model outperforms global models (e.g. Random Forest) and conventional geographically weighted regression, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy a...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 6, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Shuli Wang Kun Gao Lanfang Zhang Bo Yu Said M Easa Source Type: research
A two-dimensional surrogate safety measure based on fuzzy logic model
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107529. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107529. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSurrogate Safety Measures (SSM) are extensively applied in safety analysis and design of active vehicle safety systems. However, most existing SSM focus only on the one-dimensional interactions along the vehicle traveling direction and cannot handle the crash risks associated with vehicle lateral movements such as sideswipes and angle crashes. To bridge this important knowledge gap, this study proposes a two-dimensional SSM defined based on Fuzzy Logic and the Inverse Time to Collision (FL-iTTC), which accounts for neighbo...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Yueru Xu Wei Ye Yuanchang Xie Chen Wang Source Type: research
Quantification of safety improvements and human-machine tradeoffs in the transition to automated driving
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107523. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107523. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe assumption of reduced human error-related crashes with increasing levels of automation in pursuing Level 5 automation lacks empirical evidence. As automation levels rise, human error-induced safety hazards are anticipated to decrease, while machine error-induced hazards will increase. However, a quantitative index capturing this tradeoff is absent. Additionally, theoretical modeling of safety improvements during the transition to automated driving remains unexplored, particularly concerning reducing human error-related...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Song Wang Zhixia Li Yi Wang Wenjing Zhao Heng Wei Source Type: research
Spot speed cameras in a series - Effects on speed and traffic safety
In conclusion, the Swedish strategy with spot speed cameras in a series led to an increased speed compliance and a comprehensive reduction in mean speeds and of the number of fatalities.PMID:38442631 | DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2024.107525 (Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention.)
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Anna Vadeby Christian Howard Source Type: research
Revisiting the hybrid approach of anomaly detection and extreme value theory for estimating pedestrian crashes using traffic conflicts obtained from artificial intelligence-based video analytics
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107517. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107517. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPedestrians represent a group of vulnerable road users who are at a higher risk of sustaining severe injuries than other road users. As such, proactively assessing pedestrian crash risks is of paramount importance. Recently, extreme value theory models have been employed for proactively assessing crash risks from traffic conflicts, whereby the underpinning of these models are two sampling approaches, namely block maxima and peak over threshold. Earlier studies reported poor accuracy and large uncertainty of these models, w...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Fizza Hussain Yasir Ali Yuefeng Li Md Mazharul Haque Source Type: research
The impact of indirect benefits (reduced travel time, fuel use and emissions) in cost benefit analysis of road safety countermeasures
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, indirect benefits have a substantial impact on the computation of benefits and countermeasure selection process. In order to present improved business cases for road safety infrastructure investments, there is need to include these benefits during economic appraisal process. Travel time benefits have the highest portion of all indirect benefits compared to vehicle operating costs (VOCs) and emission benefits. The study recommends conducting more research related to travel time benefits due to countermeasure implementation.PMID:38441918 | DOI:10.1080/15389588.2024.2322665 (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Chris Bic Byaruhanga Harry Evdorides Source Type: research
Prevalence and factors associated with driving under the influence of alcohol in Brazil
CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of DUIA was evident among drivers, particularly motorcyclists. The DUIA was more prevalent among men and young adults. The DUIA was associated with an increased magnitude of self-reported RTIs among car drivers and motorcyclists. Despite the extensive legislation for zero tolerance toward DUIA in the country, actions need stricter enforcement.PMID:38441924 | DOI:10.1080/15389588.2024.2314594 (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Kamylla Guedes de Sena Otaliba Lib ânio de Morais Neto Dayana Pereira Faria Rafael Alves Guimar ães Source Type: research
Assessing the effects of geometry and non-geometry related factors in work-zone crashes
CONCLUSION: These findings contribute to the growing body of research indicating that geometric restrictions within work zones introduce a distinct set of risk factors compared to non-geometry-related factors. Recognizing the significance of geometric restrictions, beyond typical driving conditions, holds the implications for enhancing safety within various work zone configurations and offers valuable insights for crash scene investigators to pinpoint contributing factors accurately.PMID:38441943 | DOI:10.1080/15389588.2024.2321914 (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Mouyid Islam Source Type: research
Assessing injury risks of reclined occupants in a frontal crash preceded by braking with varied seatbelt designs using the SAFER Human Body Model
CONCLUSIONS: The BIS seatbelt appears promising, as seen with the reduced mTBI and NFR2+ risks, for ensuring the protection of reclined occupants in frontal crashes. However, additional solutions, such as lap belt load limiting, should be considered to reduce lumbar spine loading.PMID:38441948 | DOI:10.1080/15389588.2024.2318414 (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ekant Mishra Nils Lubbe Source Type: research
Quantification of safety improvements and human-machine tradeoffs in the transition to automated driving
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107523. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107523. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe assumption of reduced human error-related crashes with increasing levels of automation in pursuing Level 5 automation lacks empirical evidence. As automation levels rise, human error-induced safety hazards are anticipated to decrease, while machine error-induced hazards will increase. However, a quantitative index capturing this tradeoff is absent. Additionally, theoretical modeling of safety improvements during the transition to automated driving remains unexplored, particularly concerning reducing human error-related...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Song Wang Zhixia Li Yi Wang Wenjing Zhao Heng Wei Source Type: research
Revisiting the hybrid approach of anomaly detection and extreme value theory for estimating pedestrian crashes using traffic conflicts obtained from artificial intelligence-based video analytics
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107517. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107517. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPedestrians represent a group of vulnerable road users who are at a higher risk of sustaining severe injuries than other road users. As such, proactively assessing pedestrian crash risks is of paramount importance. Recently, extreme value theory models have been employed for proactively assessing crash risks from traffic conflicts, whereby the underpinning of these models are two sampling approaches, namely block maxima and peak over threshold. Earlier studies reported poor accuracy and large uncertainty of these models, w...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Fizza Hussain Yasir Ali Yuefeng Li Md Mazharul Haque Source Type: research
A two-dimensional surrogate safety measure based on fuzzy logic model
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Mar 4;199:107529. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107529. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSurrogate Safety Measures (SSM) are extensively applied in safety analysis and design of active vehicle safety systems. However, most existing SSM focus only on the one-dimensional interactions along the vehicle traveling direction and cannot handle the crash risks associated with vehicle lateral movements such as sideswipes and angle crashes. To bridge this important knowledge gap, this study proposes a two-dimensional SSM defined based on Fuzzy Logic and the Inverse Time to Collision (FL-iTTC), which accounts for neighbo...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Yueru Xu Wei Ye Yuanchang Xie Chen Wang Source Type: research
Spot speed cameras in a series - Effects on speed and traffic safety
In conclusion, the Swedish strategy with spot speed cameras in a series led to an increased speed compliance and a comprehensive reduction in mean speeds and of the number of fatalities.PMID:38442631 | DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2024.107525 (Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention.)
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Anna Vadeby Christian Howard Source Type: research
The impact of indirect benefits (reduced travel time, fuel use and emissions) in cost benefit analysis of road safety countermeasures
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, indirect benefits have a substantial impact on the computation of benefits and countermeasure selection process. In order to present improved business cases for road safety infrastructure investments, there is need to include these benefits during economic appraisal process. Travel time benefits have the highest portion of all indirect benefits compared to vehicle operating costs (VOCs) and emission benefits. The study recommends conducting more research related to travel time benefits due to countermeasure implementation.PMID:38441918 | DOI:10.1080/15389588.2024.2322665 (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - March 5, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Chris Bic Byaruhanga Harry Evdorides Source Type: research
