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Cancer: Glioma

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Total 252 results found since Jan 2013.

Unilateral basal ganglia restricted diffusion in anti ‐LGI1 encephalitis mimicking cerebral infarction: A report on two cases and literature review
ConclusionOur report adds to the heterogeneity of anti-LGI1 encephalitis and highlights the need to consider this diagnosis in patients who present atypically.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - July 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mervyn Qi Wei Poh, Hui Jin Chiew, Zheyu Xu, Kevin Tan, Tchoyoson Choie Chioe Lim, Tianrong Yeo Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

Common genetic variation influencing human white matter microstructure
Brain regions communicate with each other through tracts of myelinated axons, commonly referred to as white matter. We identified common genetic variants influencing white matter microstructure using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of 43,802 individuals. Genome-wide association analysis identified 109 associated loci, 30 of which were detected by tract-specific functional principal components analysis. A number of loci colocalized with brain diseases, such as glioma and stroke. Genetic correlations were observed between white matter microstructure and 57 complex traits and diseases. Common variants associated with whi...
Source: Science: Current Issue - June 17, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Zhao, B., Li, T., Yang, Y., Wang, X., Luo, T., Shan, Y., Zhu, Z., Xiong, D., Hauberg, M. E., Bendl, J., Fullard, J. F., Roussos, P., Li, Y., Stein, J. L., Zhu, H. Tags: Genetics, Online Only r-articles Source Type: research

Navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves the outcome of postsurgical paresis in glioma patients – A randomized, double-blinded trial
Navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (nrTMS) is effective therapy for stroke patients. Neurorehabilitation could be supported by low-frequency stimulation of the non-damaged hemisphere to reduce transcallosal inhibition.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sebastian Ille, Anna Kelm, Axel Schroeder, Lucia E. Albers, Chiara Negwer, Vicki M. Butenschoen, Nico Sollmann, Thomas Picht, Peter Vajkoczy, Bernhard Meyer, Sandro M. Krieg Source Type: research

Clinical and radiological aspects of bilateral temporal abnormalities: pictorial essay
Abstract The temporal lobes are vulnerable to several diseases, including infectious, immune-mediated, degenerative, vascular, metabolic, and neoplastic processes. Therefore, lesions in the temporal lobes can pose a diagnostic challenge for the radiologist. The temporal lobes are connected by structures such as the anterior commissure, corpus callosum, and hippocampal commissure. That interconnectedness favors bilateral involvement in various clinical contexts. This pictorial essay is based on a retrospective analysis of case files from a tertiary university hospital and aims to illustrate some of the conditions that simul...
Source: Radiologia Brasileira - March 26, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Imaging of the glioma microenvironment by TSPO PET
AbstractGliomas are highly dynamic and heterogeneous tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). They constitute the most common neoplasm of the CNS and the second most common cause of death from intracranial disease after stroke. The advances in detailing the genetic profile of paediatric and adult gliomas along with the progress in MRI and PET multimodal molecular imaging technologies have greatly improved prognostic stratification of patients with glioma and informed on treatment decisions. Amino acid PET has already gained broad clinical application in the study of gliomas. PET imaging targeting the translocator prote...
Source: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging - March 15, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Combination treatment for common glioma type shows promise in mice
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Gliomas are common brain tumors that comprise about one third of all cancers of the nervous system. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), researchers tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics similar to human astrocytomas and found tumor regression in 60 percent of the mice treated. These encouraging results could be the first step toward developing a treatment for this type of brain cancer.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 16, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Focal Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Focal ischemic stroke (FIS) is a leading cause of human debilitation and death. Following the onset of a FIS, the brain experiences a series of spatiotemporal changes which are exemplified in different pathological processes. One prominent feature of FIS is the development of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation in the peri-infarct region (PIR). During the subacute phase, astrocytes in PIR are activated, referred to as reactive astrocytes (RAs), exhibit changes in morphology (hypotrophy), show an increased proliferation capacity, and altered gene expression profile, a phenomenon known as reac...
Source: Neurochemical Research - February 16, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhang Z, Sun GY, Ding S Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Stroke Mimics and Chameleons from the Radiological Viewpoint of Glioma Diagnosis.
This study enrolled 214 patients who underwent tumor resection for suspected glioma. Clinical characteristics and radiological findings of the patients were compared between the masquerade findings group, which was further divided into two groups: the stroke chameleons and stroke mimics according to their final diagnosis, and the intelligible findings group.Stroke chameleons and stroke mimics were significantly higher in age and smaller in lesion size than the intelligible findings group. In the multivariate analysis, the predictive factor of the masquerade finding group was higher age and smaller size. Stroke mimics group...
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - January 6, 2021 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Intracranial long-term complications of radiation therapy: an image-based review
ConclusionsWe describe the clinical and imaging features of selected sequelae of intracranial radiation therapy, with a focus on those most relevant to practicing radiologists. Knowledge of these complications and their imaging findings is important, because radiologists play a key role in early detection of these entities.
Source: Neuroradiology - January 4, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

An update on the role of miR-124 in the pathogenesis of human disorders.
Abstract MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) is a copious miRNA in the brain, but it is expressed in a wide range of human/animal tissues participating in the pathogenesis of several disorders. Based on its important function in the development of the nervous system, abnormal expression of miR-124 has been detected in nervous system diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Huntington's disease, and ischemic stroke. In addition to these conditions, miR-124 contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Besides, it has been show...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - January 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Bahroudi Z, Abak A, Majidpoor J, Taheri M Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

The cerebral microvasculature: Basic and clinical perspectives on stroke and glioma
AbstractMicrovascular networks are vital components of the cardiovascular system, performing many key roles in maintaining the health and homeostasis of the tissues and organs in which they develop. As discussed in this review, the molecular and cellular components within the microcirculation orchestrate critical processes to establish functional capillary beds, including organization of endothelial cell (EC) polarity, guiding investment of vascular pericytes (PCs), and building the specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) that comprises the vascular basement membrane (vBM). Herein, we further discuss the unique features of ...
Source: Microcirculation - November 23, 2020 Category: Research Authors: Maruf M. Hoque, Hanaa Abdelazim, Clifton Jenkins ‐Houk, Dawn Wright, Biraj M. Patel, John C. Chappell Tags: INVITED REVIEWS Source Type: research

The Cerebral Microvasculature: Basic and Clinical Perspectives on Stroke and Glioma
AbstractMicrovascular networks are vital components of the cardiovascular system, performing many key roles in maintaining the health and homeostasis of the tissues and organs in which they develop. As discussed in this review, the molecular and cellular components within the microcirculation orchestrate critical processes to establish functional capillary beds, including organization of endothelial cell (EC) polarity, guiding investment of vascular pericytes (PCs), and building the specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) that comprises the vascular basement membrane (vBM). Herein, we further discuss the unique features of ...
Source: Microcirculation - November 10, 2020 Category: Research Authors: Maruf M. Hoque, Hanaa Abdelazim, Clifton Jenkins ‐Houk, Dawn Wright, Biraj M. Patel, John C. Chappell Tags: INVITED REVIEW Source Type: research

Drugs against alpha-ketoglutarate may combat deadly childhood brain tumor
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Every year, 150 to 300 children in the United States are diagnosed with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), aggressive and lethal tumors that grow deep inside the brain, for which there are no cures. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health, researchers showed that experimental drugs designed to lower the body's natural production of alpha-ketoglutarate extended the lives of mice harboring DIPG tumors by slowing the growth of the cancer cells.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - August 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

CDKN2B-AS1: An indispensable long non-coding RNA in multiple diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Long non-coding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 likely serves as a promising therapeutic target or prognosis biomarker in multiple human diseases. PMID: 32767927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - August 4, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Song C, Qi Y, Zhang J, Guo C, Yuan C Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Recent Strategies for Targeted Brain Drug Delivery.
Abstract Because the brain is the most important human organ, many brain disorders can cause severe symptoms. For example, glioma, one type of brain tumor, is progressive and lethal, while neurodegenerative diseases cause severe disability. Nevertheless, medical treatment for brain diseases remains unsatisfactory, and therefore innovative therapies are desired. However, the development of therapies to treat some cerebral diseases is difficult because the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-brain tumor barrier prevents drugs from entering the brain. Hence, drug delivery system (DDS) strategies are required to delive...
Source: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - July 3, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ogawa K, Kato N, Kawakami S Tags: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) Source Type: research