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Cancer: Glioma

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Total 252 results found since Jan 2013.

Vascular complications in glioma patients.
Abstract Vascular complications in patients with glioma most commonly include venous and arterial thromboembolism; however, treatment-induced vasculopathies are also problematic, especially in long-term survivors. The interactions between treatment such as radiation and chemotherapy, the coagulation cascade, endothelium, and regulators of angiogenesis are complex, drive glioma growth and invasion, and create common management problems in the clinic. We review the incidence of thrombotic complications in glioma, the biology of the coagulome as related to glioma progression, prevention and treatment of thrombosis, t...
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - December 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Le Rhun E, Perry JR Tags: Handb Clin Neurol Source Type: research

SMART syndrome: Classic transient symptoms leading to an unusual unfavorable outcome.
CONCLUSION: SMART syndrome may progress from a benign reversible form to a severe and eventually irreversible form. This severe course may also be confused with tumor progression, and lead to permanent disability and inadequate antitumor treatment. Clinicians should be aware of this latter atypical presentation. PMID: 27919464 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Revue Neurologique - December 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Natural product HTP screening for evidence of attenuated cytokine-induced neutrophil chemo attractants (CINCs) and NO2 − in LPS/IFNγ activated glioma cells
Chronic or acute central nervous system (CNS) inflammation is carried out by glial cells, which can contribute to neurological injuries associated with head trauma, stroke, and infection, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease. The process of aging combined with inflammation are also risk factors for developing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) as well as perpetuating its malignant aggression. With growing public curiosity in complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs), in this work we conduct a high throughput (HTP) screening of>1400 natural herbs, plants and over the counter (OTC) products for anti-inflammatory effects on lip...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - December 1, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elizabeth A Mazzio, David Bauer, Patricia Mendonca, Taka Equar, Karam F.A. Soliman Source Type: research

Natural product HTP screening for attenuation of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemo attractants (CINCs) and NO2 − in LPS/IFNγ activated glioma cells
Chronic and acute central nervous system (CNS) inflammation are contributors toward neurological injury associated with head trauma, stroke, infection, Parkinsons or Alzheimers disease. CNS inflammatory illnesses can also contribute toward risk of developing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). With growing public interest in complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs), we conduct a high throughput (HTP) screening of>1400 natural herbs, plants and over the counter (OTC) products for anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon gamma (IFN γ) activated C6 glioma cells.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - December 1, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elizabeth A Mazzio, David Bauer, Patricia Mendonca, Equar Taka, Karam F.A. Soliman Source Type: research

Atim-02. successful cancer-selective gene delivery following intravenous toca 511 delivery in patients with recurrent high grade glioma (hgg)
This study demonstrates successful gene transduction following IV delivery of Toca 511 and shows encouraging survival data. Updated safety and efficacy data will be presented.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cloughesy, T., Walbert, T., Bota, D., Vogelbaum, M., Liau, L., Ostertag, D., Jolly, D., Gruber, H., Yang, L., Shorr, J., Kalkanis, S. Tags: ADULT CLINICAL TRIALS (IMMUNOLOGICAL) Source Type: research

Surg-38. direct evidence of plasticity within primary motor and sensory cortices via direct electrical stimulation in glioblastoma patients undergoing repeat awake craniotomy
In this study, we examine plasticity within primary sensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices in glioblastoma patients undergoing repeat intra-operative direct electrical stimulation (DES) under awake conditions.METHODS:This retrospective analysis included five patients with glioblastoma in/near M1/S1 that underwent two awake surgeries, each with DES-based sensory and motor mapping. Inter-surgery interval was 216 ± 41 days. Plasticity was defined as a change in mapping result (gain, loss, or change of function) within M1/S1 at second operation or absence of typical mapping result without a change in the patient&rsqu...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gibb, W., Kong, N. Tags: SURGICAL THERAPY Source Type: research

Ntox-08. safety of intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of brain tumours
The treatment of brain tumors is greatly limited the delivery impediment caused by the blood-brain barrier and blood-tumor barrier. To circumvent this limitation, different approaches have been studied, including intra-arterial delivery. Because of a significant local increase in plasma-peak concentration, this strategy increases the local area under the curve, and translates into a 3 to 5.5 fold increase in intra-tumoral chemotherapy concentration. However, intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of brain tumors has a notoriously bad name, thanks to prior trials led in past decades showing significant neurotoxicities...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fortin, D., Caux, S., Gahide, G. Tags: NEUROTOXICITY OF THERAPY Source Type: research

Atim-18. phase i dose escalation study of d2c7-it administered intratumorally via convection-enhanced delivery (ced) for recurrent malignant glioma (mg)
CONCLUSION:Infusion of D2C7-IT via CED is safe thus far and encouraging efficacy results are observed. Enrollment is ongoing.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Desjardins, A., Randazzo, D., Chandramohan, V., Sampson, J., Peters, K., Vlahovic, G., Threatt, S., Herndon, J., Boulton, S., Lally-Goss, D., Healy, P., Lipp, E., Friedman, A., Friedman, H., Bigner, D. Tags: ADULT CLINICAL TRIALS (IMMUNOLOGICAL) Source Type: research

P05.04 Morphine pretreatment improves the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in an orthotopic model of human glioblastoma
Conclusions:The present findings show that molecules as morphine are able to interfere with molecules normally unable to cross the BBB. This mechanism could be used for new approaches in therapy of refractory CNS tumors as glioblastoma.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Da Ros, M. Tags: P05 In vitro / in vivo models Source Type: research

P08.46 Rechallenge with bevacizumab in a long-term survivor with glioblastoma
The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, WHO grade IV), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, is generally poor with median survival of less than one year in untreated patients and approximately 15 months following standard of care therapy. However, 10 % survival at 5 years was observed in a randomized phase III study. At GBM recurrence, the addition of bevacizumab (BEV), a humanized monoclonal antibody against circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulted in a 3–4 month prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) without improving overall survival (OS...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koeppen, S., Hense, J. Tags: P08 Glioblastom and Anaplastic gliomas Source Type: research

OS5.8 Intravascular lymphoma affecting the central nervous system: features and outcomes in a case series of the Primary CNS Lymphoma Collaborative Group (IPCG)
We present a retrospective case series of 65 adults with IVL from 14 cancer centers in 6 countries. IVL was restricted to the CNS in 29 cases, with a mean age of 60 years and 91% of patients having neurological deficits at the time of diagnosis. There was a mean diagnostic delay of 20 weeks after presentation of stroke-like symptoms or myelopathy. Ninety-three percent had a poor functional status with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≥2. Serum LDH was elevated in 87% of patients with no correlation with treatment outcome. Frontline treatment with intravenous high-dose methotrexate-bas...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zukas, A. M., Bennani, N., Chou, C., Johnston, P., ONeill, B., Nijland, M., Batchelor, T., Nayak, L., Mrugala, M., Schiff, D. Tags: OS5 Glioma: Clinical Source Type: research

Evaluation of laser bacterial anti ‐fouling of transparent nanocrystalline yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia cranial implant
ConclusionsOur results show that E. coli biofilm formation across the thickness of the nc‐YSZ implant can be disrupted using NIR laser treatment. The results of this in vitro study suggest that using nc‐YSZ as a cranial implant in vivo may also allow for locally selective, non‐invasive, chronic treatment of bacterial layers (fouling) that might form under cranial implants, without causing adverse thermal damage to the underlying host tissue when appropriate laser parameters are used. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - July 7, 2016 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yasaman Damestani, Natalie De Howitt, David L. Halaney, Javier E. Garay, Guillermo Aguilar Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Evaluation of laser bacterial anti‐fouling of transparent nanocrystalline yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia cranial implant
ConclusionsOur results show that E. coli biofilm formation across the thickness of the nc‐YSZ implant can be disrupted using NIR laser treatment. The results of this in vitro study suggest that using nc‐YSZ as a cranial implant in vivo may also allow for locally selective, non‐invasive, chronic treatment of bacterial layers (fouling) that might form under cranial implants, without causing adverse thermal damage to the underlying host tissue when appropriate laser parameters are used. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine - June 30, 2016 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yasaman Damestani, Natalie De Howitt, David L. Halaney, Javier E. Garay, Guillermo Aguilar Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Leucine-Rich Glioma Inactivated-1 and Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report
Marisa McGinley, Sarkis Morales-Vidal, Sean Ruland
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Generative Probabilistic Model and Discriminative Extensions for Brain Lesion Segmentation— With Application to Tumor and Stroke
We introduce a generative probabilistic model for segmentation of brain lesions in multi-dimensional images that generalizes the EM segmenter, a common approach for modelling brain images using Gaussian mixtures and a probabilistic tissue atlas that employs expectation-maximization (EM), to estimate the label map for a new image. Our model augments the probabilistic atlas of the healthy tissues with a latent atlas of the lesion. We derive an estimation algorithm with closed-form EM update equations. The method extracts a latent atlas prior distribution and the lesion posterior distributions jointly from the image data. It ...
Source: IEE Transactions on Medical Imaging - March 31, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research