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Total 252 results found since Jan 2013.

Vascular complications in glioma patients.
Abstract Vascular complications in patients with glioma most commonly include venous and arterial thromboembolism; however, treatment-induced vasculopathies are also problematic, especially in long-term survivors. The interactions between treatment such as radiation and chemotherapy, the coagulation cascade, endothelium, and regulators of angiogenesis are complex, drive glioma growth and invasion, and create common management problems in the clinic. We review the incidence of thrombotic complications in glioma, the biology of the coagulome as related to glioma progression, prevention and treatment of thrombosis, t...
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - March 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Le Rhun E, Perry JR Tags: Handb Clin Neurol Source Type: research

Pseudotumoral presentation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation
Conclusion: The identification of one or several nonenhancing space-occupying lesions, especially in elderly patients presenting with cognitive impairment, should raise suspicion for the pseudotumoral presentation of CAA-I and lead to T2*-GRE sequences. Perfusion MRI and MRS appear to be useful techniques for the differential diagnosis of this entity.
Source: Neurology - March 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ronsin, S., Deiana, G., Geraldo, A. F., Durand-Dubief, F., Thomas-Maisonneuve, L., Formaglio, M., Desestret, V., Meyronet, D., Nighoghossian, N., Berthezene, Y., Honnorat, J., Ducray, F. Tags: MRI, MRS, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Primary brain tumor ARTICLE Source Type: research

Chapter 15 Vascular complications in glioma patients
Publication date: 2016 Source:Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Volume 134 Author(s): Emilie Le Rhun, James R. Perry Vascular complications in patients with glioma most commonly include venous and arterial thromboembolism; however, treatment-induced vasculopathies are also problematic, especially in long-term survivors. The interactions between treatment such as radiation and chemotherapy, the coagulation cascade, endothelium, and regulators of angiogenesis are complex, drive glioma growth and invasion, and create common management problems in the clinic. We review the incidence of thrombotic complications in glioma, the...
Source: Handbook of Clinical Neurology - March 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Chapter 17 Rehabilitation of patients with glioma
Publication date: 2016 Source:Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Volume 134 Author(s): Mary Vargo, Roger Henriksson, Pär Salander Disabling sequelae occur in a majority of patients diagnosed with brain tumor, including glioma, such as cognitive deficits, weakness, and visual perceptual changes. Often, multiple impairments are present concurrently. Healthcare staff must be aware of the “biographic disruption” the patient with glioma has experienced. While prognostic considerations factor into rehabilitation goals and expectations, regardless of prognosis the treatment team must offer cohesive support, facilitating ho...
Source: Handbook of Clinical Neurology - March 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mapping neuroplastic potential in brain-damaged patients
It is increasingly acknowledged that the brain is highly plastic. However, the anatomic factors governing the potential for neuroplasticity have hardly been investigated. To bridge this knowledge gap, we generated a probabilistic atlas of functional plasticity derived from both anatomic magnetic resonance imaging results and intraoperative mapping data on 231 patients having undergone surgery for diffuse, low-grade glioma. The atlas includes detailed level of confidence information and is supplemented with a series of comprehensive, connectivity-based cluster analyses. Our results show that cortical plasticity is generally...
Source: Brain - February 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Herbet, G., Maheu, M., Costi, E., Lafargue, G., Duffau, H. Tags: CNS Injury and Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research

Mild Sedation Exacerbates or Unmasks Focal Neurologic Dysfunction in Neurosurgical Patients with Supratentorial Brain Mass Lesions in a Drug-specific Manner
Conclusions Midazolam and propofol augmented or revealed neurologic dysfunction more frequently than fentanyl and dexmedetomidine at equivalent sedation levels. Patients with high-grade gliomas were more susceptible than those with low-grade gliomas.
Source: Anesthesiology - February 17, 2016 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research

TAT-HSA-α-MSH fusion protein with extended half-life inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α in brain inflammation of mice.
Abstract Neuroinflammation constitutes a principal process involved in the progression of various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, and traumatic brain injury. The safety and efficacy of potential neuroprotective therapeutic agents is controversial and limited. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) as a tridecapeptide derived from pro-opiomelanocortin displays potent anti-inflammatory and protective effects with a wide therapeutic window in brain damage. However, it is difficult to deliver effective concentrations of α-MSH into bra...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - January 27, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wang M, Zhi D, Wang H, Ru Y, Ren H, Wang N, Liu Y, Li Y, Li H Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Small Peptide and Protein-based Molecular Probes for Imaging Neurological Diseases.
Abstract Neurologic disorders are prevalent diseases in the population and represent a major cause of death and disability. Despite the advances made during recent decades, the early diagnosis of these diseases remains a challenge. Determining the pathophysiology of such disorders is also challenging and is a requirement for the development of new drugs and treatments. Molecular neuroimaging studies can help fill these gaps in knowledge by providing clinicians with the tools necessary to diagnose and monitor treatment response and by providing data to help researchers understand the mechanisms of disease. Molecula...
Source: Current Protein and Peptide Science - January 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Venturin GT, Cheng Z Tags: Curr Protein Pept Sci Source Type: research

Translational potential of astrocytes in brain disorders
Publication date: Available online 16 September 2015 Source:Progress in Neurobiology Author(s): Alexei Verkhratsky, Luca Steardo, Vladimir Parpura, Vedrana Montana Fundamentally, all brain disorders can be broadly defined as the homeostatic failure of this organ. As the brain is composed of many different cells types, including but not limited to neurons and glia, it is only logical that all the cell types/constituents could play a role in health and disease. Yet, for a long time the sole conceptualization of brain pathology was focused on the well-being of neurons. Here, we challenge this neuron-centric view and pre...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - September 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke in patients with gliomas at The University of Texas-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Abstract Patients with gliomas are at risk of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) with potential consequences on survival, function, and local tumor control. Our objective was to provide information about CVA in patients with gliomas and to estimate survival in this group. We reviewed all adult glioma patients with ischemic CVA at the University of Texas-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center from 2003 through 2014. We extracted demographic, clinical, imaging, treatment and outcome data. We used descriptive summary data and estimated or compared survival rates where appropriate. 60 of 6500 patients (0.1 %) with high-grade (HGG,...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - August 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

E-011 the key role of the blood-brain barrier in the endovascular treatment of brain tumors and how to by-pass it: new methods
ConclusionIA chemotherapy has been reported to be a promising new therapy; clinical studies are necessary to correlate this technique to the new ways of altering the BBB. Furthermore, these new methods could also be used in future scenarios before infusion of stem cells after stroke or brain trauma.DisclosuresS. Peschillo: 2; C; Penumbra. F. Diana: None.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Peschillo, S., Diana, F. Tags: SNIS 12th Annual Meeting Electronic Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

A Vascular Perspective On Neuronal Migration
Publication date: Available online 17 July 2015 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Marta Segarra, Bettina C. Kirchmaier, Amparo Acker-Palmer During CNS development and adult neurogenesis, immature neurons travel from the germinal zones towards their final destination using cellular substrates for their migration. Classically, radial glia and neuronal axons have been shown to act as physical scaffolds to support neuroblast locomotion in processes known as gliophilic and neurophilic migration, respectively (Hatten, 1999; Marin and Rubenstein, 2003; Rakic, 2003). In adulthood, long distance neuronal migration oc...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - July 17, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Calcification in high grade gliomas treated with bevacizumab
Abstract Calcification is a rare phenomenon in high grade glioma (HGG). CT scans are sensitive to mineralization but used infrequently for tumor assessment in the MRI era. The presence of calcification can be overlooked on routine MRI. Calcification may reflect chronicity and natural changes in the tumor or its milieu over time and may be accelerated by certain treatments. Calcification may have clinical significance which could signal potential risk for stroke or hemorrhage related to particular therapies; or it may be a positive prognostic factor for treatment response. The true incidence and relevance of calcif...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - May 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Study points to possible treatment for lethal pediatric brain cancer
Using brain tumor samples collected from children in the United States and Europe, an international team of scientists found that the drug panobinostat and similar gene regulating drugs may be effective at treating diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), an aggressive and lethal form of pediatric cancer.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - May 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news