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Total 327 results found since Jan 2013.

MicroRNA-30b regulates the polarity of retinal ganglion cells by inhibiting semaphorin-3A.
Conclusions: The results indicate that Sema3A promotes dendritic growth and inhibits axonal growth, which is not conducive to the early repair of optic nerve injury. The overexpression of miR-30b can overcome this problem, and may represent a new target for the treatment of nerve injury and regeneration in the future. PMID: 31814697 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Molecular Vision - December 10, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Vis Source Type: research

HMGB1 upregulates NF-kB by inhibiting IKB-α and associates with diabetic retinopathy
This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and its mechanism in diabetic retinopathy (DR) were investigated.Main methodsHuman retinal endothelial cells (HREC) were uesd for chip-seq. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, HMGB1 group, diabetes mellitus (DM) combined with HMGB1 siRNA group, and DM group. Next, eyeballs were removed and retinas were detached for western blot. The DM model of cell was built by increasing the glucose concentration in cell culture medium. The regulation of HMGB1 was achieved by short hairpin (sh)-HMGB1 transfection, then, ...
Source: Life Sciences - December 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Repression of microRNA-21 inhibits retinal vascular endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis via PTEN dependent-PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway in diabetic retinopathy.
This study is performed to explore the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on retinal vascular endothelial cell (RVEC) viability and angiogenesis in rats with DR via the phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway by binding to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used for establishment of DR models. Target relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was assessed by bioinformatics prediction in combination with dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Identification of expression of miR-21, PTEN and PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway-r...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - November 20, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Lu JM, Zhang ZZ, Ma X, Fang SF, Qin XH Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Kaempferol protects retinal ganglion ceils from high-glucose-induced injury by regulating vasohibin-1
In this study, we explored kaempferol’s role in high-glucose injury in cells from the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) line. RGC cells were isolated and then cultured in high glucose (55 mmol/L) for 0 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, or 72 hours, and results showed decreased cell viability at 48 hours and 72 hours. We treated RGC cells with different concentrations of kaempferol (0 µmol/L, 20 µmol/L, 40 µmol/L, 60 µmol/L, 80 µmol/L, or 100 µmol/L) and high-glucose (55 mmol/L) for 48 hours. The data indicated inhibited lactate dehydrogenase leakage, apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and r...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - November 18, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Crumbs proteins regulate layered retinal vascular development required for vision.
This study aimed to evaluate a potential role of crumbs proteins in retinal vascular development and maintenance. We demonstrated that crumbs homologues (CRBs) were differentially expressed and changed dramatically during mouse retinal vascular development. Intravitreal injection of CRB1 and CRB2 siRNA induced delayed development of the deep capillary plexus and premature development of the intermediate capillary plexus, resulting in disrupted vascular integrity. However, microfluidic chip assay using human retinal endothelial cells revealed that CRBs do not directly affect in vitro retinal angiogenesis. CRBs control reti...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 8, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Son S, Cho M, Lee J Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Functional Regulation of an Oxidative Stress Mediator, Rac1, in Diabetic Retinopathy
AbstractPurposeEarly activation of cytosolic NADPH oxidase-2 (Nox2) in diabetes increases retinal ROS production, damaging their mitochondria. The assembly of Nox2 holoenzyme requires activation of a small molecular weight G protein Rac1. Rac1 activation is regulated by guanine exchange factors and guanine nucleotide-dissociation inhibitors, and post-translational modifications assist in its association with exchange factors and dissociation inhibitors. The goal of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of Rac1 activation in the development of diabetic retinopathy.MethodsThe levels of the dissociation inhibitor, preny...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 7, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Leading RNA Interference Therapeutics Part 1: Silencing Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis, with a Focus on Patisiran
AbstractIn 2018, patisiran was the first-ever RNA interference (RNAi)-based drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Now pharmacology textbooks may include a new drug class that  results in the effect first described by Fire and Mello 2 decades ago: post-transcriptional gene silencing by a small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR amyloidosis) present with mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene that lead to the formation of amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves and heart. The disease may also affect the eye and central nervous system. The formulatio...
Source: Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy - November 6, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Hyperglycemia ‐induced Ubiquitination and Degradation of β‐catenin with the Loss of Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1) in Retinal Endothelial Cells
ConclusionPECAM ‐1 loss may contribute to increased retinal endothelial cell permeability by attenuating β‐catenin levels under hyperglycemic conditions.
Source: Microcirculation - October 18, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Randa S. Eshaq, Norman R. Harris Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Platelet-derived growth factor-BB promotes proliferation and migration of retinal microvascular pericytes by up-regulating the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor types 4.
Authors: Xiang DN, Feng YF, Wang J, Zhang X, Shen JJ, Zou R, Yuan YZ Abstract Stromal cell-derived growth factor (SDF)-1α acts as a ligand to C-X-C chemokine receptors 4 (CXCR4) and 7 (CXCR7), which are involved in the formation of choroidal neovascularization. Previous studies have demonstrated crosstalk between the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB/PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β and SDF-1α/CXCR4 axes during tumor neovascularization by increasing the recruitment of pericytes. However, the effects of interactions between these two signaling pathways in retinal microvascular pericytes remain poorly understood. We...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - October 17, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research

Beneficial effect of ER stress preconditioning in protection against FFA-induced adipocyte inflammation via XBP1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Abstract Adipose tissue inflammation is closely associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Free fatty acids (FFAs) are a major inducer of obesity-related insulin resistance. Previously, we reported that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress potentially mediated retinal inflammation in diabetic retinopathy. The unfolded protein response (UPR) protects cells against damage induced by oxidative stress. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) plays a major role in protecting cells by modulating the UPR. However, the link between ER stress and adipocyte inflammation has been poorly investigated. In the prese...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - October 15, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang M, Chen X, Zheng Z, Yu S, Zhou B, Liu Y, Liu D, Chen Y, Qian X Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

Knockdown of ALK7 inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the diabetic complications associated with hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress. Activin receptor-like kinase 7 (ALK7) has been proven to be a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is another diabetic complication. However, the role of ALK7 in DR remains unclear. In the current study, ALK7 was found to be up-regulated in clinical samples from DR patients and high glucose (HG)-induced human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). In vitro studies demonstrated that knockdown of ALK7 in ARPE-19 cells through transfection with siRNA-ALK7 (...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology - October 13, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shi Q, Dong X, Zhang M, Cheng Y, Pei C Tags: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Source Type: research

LncRNA ANRIL knockdown ameliorates retinopathy in diabetic rats by inhibiting the NF- κB pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA ANRIL knockdown can significantly ameliorate the retinopathy in diabetic rats by blocking the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. PMID: 31599399 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 12, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Asymmetric dimethylarginine aggravates blood-retinal barrier breakdown of diabetic retinopathy via inhibition of intercellular communication in retinal pericytes.
In this study, we observed the dynamic profile of ADMA, retinal morphology and permeability of BRB at 2, 4 or 8 week of diabetic rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (60 mg/kg) and in cultured rat retinal pericytes pretreated with D-glucose (30 mM) for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days or ADMA (3, 10, 30 μM) for 24, 48 and 72 h, trying to explore the effects of ADMA on blood-retinal barrier in DR. Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) and the expression of blood-retinal barrier-specific component connexin 43 (Cx43) were examined in diabetic rats or cultured retinal pericytes to elucidate whet...
Source: Amino Acids - September 30, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Huang CY, Zhou T, Li G, Li MY, Xiong XM, Wu MT, Jiang JL Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

Involvement of Upregulated P53-Induced Death Domain Protein in Retinal Ganglion Cells Apoptosis after Optic Nerve Crush.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, PIDD may play a crucial role in RGCs apoptosis after ONC, and this process may be relevant to caspase-2 and tBid. PMID: 31533600 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Molecular Medicine - September 17, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhang M, Chen L, Xu F, Jiang L, Yan W, Kunwar B, Tang F, Yang K, Shen C, Huang H, Lv J, Qin C, Wu X, Zeng S, Li M, Zhong S, Chen Q Tags: Curr Mol Med Source Type: research

Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 (ANGPTL4) Induces Retinal Pigment Epithelial Barrier Breakdown by Activating Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3): Evidence from ARPE-19 Cells Under Hypoxic Condition and Diabetic Rats.
CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ANGPTL4 partially modulates STAT3 and could serve as an effective diabetic retinopathy treatment strategy. PMID: 31494661 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - September 9, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research