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Condition: Heart Attack

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Total 280 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract P052: Homocysteine Increases Macrophage-Derived Paraoxonase -1 Expression Independent of CD68 Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Although atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the leading cause of myocardial infarction, the mechanisms are unclear. Macrophages burdened with oxidized LDL (oxLDL) become foam cells: hallmarks of plaque progression and instability. One of the main macrophage-specific receptors for oxLDL is CD68. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated lactonase capable of retarding/inhibiting LDL oxidation. Elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy), an amino acid homologue and independent cardiovascular risk factor, is metabolized by Pon1.Given the literature connections of oxLDL, Pon1, Hcy, and macrophages to atheros...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chernyavskiy, I., Winchester, L., Veeranki, S., Tyagi, S. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Notch3 Ameliorates Cardiac Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 Pathway.
This study indicates that Notch3 is an important protective factor for cardiac fibrosis in a MI model, and the protective effect of Notch3 is attributable to its action on TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling. PMID: 26487518 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cardiovascular Toxicology - October 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhang M, Pan X, Zou Q, Xia Y, Chen J, Hao Q, Wang H, Sun D Tags: Cardiovasc Toxicol Source Type: research

Nanocarriers Assisted siRNA Gene Therapy for the Management of Cardiovascular Disorders.
This article reviews the application of siRNA against CVDs with special emphasis on gene targets in combination with delivery systems such as cationic hydrogels, polyplexes, peptides, liposomes and dendrimers. PMID: 26471319 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - October 18, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maheshwari R, Tekade M, Sharma PA, Tekade RK Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Photoluminescent Mesoporous Silicon Nanoparticles with siCCR2 Improve the Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplantation after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Conclusions: PMSNs-siCCR2-mediated CCR2 gene silencing in Ly6Chigh monocytes improved the effectiveness of MSC transplantation and selectively ameliorated myocardial remodeling after AMI. These results suggest that PMSNs-siCCR2 could potentially be used to develop an anti-inflammatory therapy for post-AMI MSC transplantation.
Source: Theranostics - September 18, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wenbin Lu, ZhuoYing Xie, Yong Tang, Ling Bai, Yuyu Yao, Cong Fu, Genshan Ma Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Cardiomyocyte A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) Is Essential in Post-Myocardial Infarction Repair by Regulating Angiogenesis Original Articles
Conclusions— This study highlights the key role of cardiomyocyte ADAM17 in post-MI recovery by regulating VEGFR2 transcription and angiogenesis, thereby limiting left ventricular dilation and dysfunction. Therefore, ADAM17 upregulation, within the physiological range, could provide protective effects in ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - September 15, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fan, D., Takawale, A., Shen, M., Wang, W., Wang, X., Basu, R., Oudit, G. Y., Kassiri, Z. Tags: Other heart failure, Angiogenesis, Cell signalling/signal transduction, Gene expression, Acute myocardial infarction Original Articles Source Type: research

FOXO1 silence aggravates oxidative stress-promoted apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by reducing autophagy.
Authors: Ning Y, Li Z, Qiu Z Abstract Mechanisms underlining oxidative stress-induced injury to cardiomyocytes during myocardial infarction (MI) or acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) are not well recognized. Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors have been defined as critical mediators of oxidative stress resistance in multiple cell types, but their cardioprotective functions have not been reported previously. In the present study, we investigated the promotion to FOXO1 by the treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during the H2O2-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. We then silenced FOXO1 with FOXO1-...
Source: Journal of Toxicological Sciences - September 13, 2015 Category: Toxicology Tags: J Toxicol Sci Source Type: research

Dermcidin: a skeletal muscle myokine modulating cardiomyocyte survival and infarct size after coronary artery ligation
Conclusion Our data demonstrate that chronic limb ischaemia activates detrimental pathways in the ischaemic heart through humoral mechanisms of remote organ crosstalk. Thus, DCD may represent a novel important myokine modulating cardiomyocyte survival and function.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - August 18, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Esposito, G., Schiattarella, G. G., Perrino, C., Cattaneo, F., Pironti, G., Franzone, A., Gargiulo, G., Magliulo, F., Serino, F., Carotenuto, G., Sannino, A., Ilardi, F., Scudiero, F., Brevetti, L., Oliveti, M., Giugliano, G., Del Giudice, C., Ciccarelli, Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Involvement of miR-34c in high glucose-insulted mesenchymal stem cells leads to inefficient therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction.
This study was designed to determine the involvement of microRNAs (miR), which are actively involved in the physiological function of stem cells. We observed that miR-34c was significantly induced by high glucose treatment and blunted tube formation of BMCs. Stem cell factor (SCF) was confirmed as a target of miR-34c by 3'-UTR promoter analysis and Western blot. SCF knockdown by siRNA induced Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and resulted in the blockade of angiogenesis of BMCs. Sequentially, KLF4 overexpression completely blocked tube formation through inducing PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). To study the action of...
Source: Cellular Signalling - July 29, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Kang HJ, Kang WS, Hong MH, Choe N, Kook H, Jeong HC, Kang J, Hur J, Jeong MH, Kim YS, Ahn Y Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Sirt7 Contributes to Myocardial Tissue Repair by Maintaining TGF-β Signaling Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: -Sirt7 maintains TβRI by modulating autophagy and is involved in the tissue repair process. PMID: 26202810 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - July 22, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Araki S, Izumiya Y, Rokutanda T, Ianni A, Hanatani S, Kimura Y, Onoue Y, Senokuchi T, Yoshizawa T, Yasuda O, Koitabashi N, Kurabayashi M, Braun T, Bober E, Yamagata K, Ogawa H Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

CTRP3 attenuates post-infarct cardiac fibrosis by targeting Smad3 activation and inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation
This study aimed to investigate the effect of CTRP3 on cardiac fibrosis and its underlying mechanism. The myocardial expression of CTRP3 was significantly decreased after myocardial infarction (MI). Adenovirus-delivered CTRP3 supplement attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, improved cardiac function, inhibited interstitial fibrosis, and decreased the number of myofibroblasts post-MI. In cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), CTRP3 attenuated cell proliferation; migration; and the expression of connective tissue growth factor, collagen I, and collagen III induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Moreover, CTRP3 ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - July 3, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

microRNA-29b Mediates the Antifibrotic Effect of Tanshinone IIA in Postinfarct Cardiac Remodeling
Conclusions: TSN exerts antifibrotic effects in postinfarct cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of miR-29b, which is mediated by the TGF-β–Smad3 signaling pathway.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - May 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Agonists of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids reduce infarct size and ameliorate cardiac dysfunction via activation of HO-1 and Wnt1 canonical pathway
Publication date: Available online 9 February 2015 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Author(s): Jian Cao , Peter L. Tsenovoy , Ellen A. Thompson , John R. Falck , Robert Touchon , Komal Sodhi , Rita Rezzani , Joseph I. Shapiro , Nader G. Abraham Myocardial infarction (MI) is complicated by ventricular fibrosis and associated diastolic and systolic failure. Emerging studies implicate Wnt1 signaling in the formation of new blood vessels. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs)-mediated up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects against the detrimental consequences of MI in several animal models, however...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - March 23, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Clopidogrel reduces apoptosis and promotes proliferation of human vascular endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid via suppression of the long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS1 in vitro.
This study investigated the effects of clopidogrel on palmitic acid-induced damage of human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the molecular mechanisms of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of HUVECs in vitro. We firstly established a damage model of HUVECs through palmitic acid (PA) treatment. And the effect of clopidogrel reducing PA-induced apoptosis of HUVECs was observed by the flow cytometric measurement. To further understand the molecular mechanism of clopidogrel rescues PA-induced apoptosis, we used human LncRNA PCR array to compare the LncRNA expression profile difference between...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - March 12, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang J, Chen L, Li H, Yang J, Gong Z, Wang B, Zhao X Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

PEDF and PEDF-derived peptide 44mer stimulate cardiac triglyceride degradation via ATGL
Background: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a 50-kDa secreted glycoprotein that is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes. A variety of peptides derived from PEDF exerts diverse physiological activities including anti-angiogenesis, antivasopermeability, and neurotrophic activities. Recent studies demonstrated that segmental functional peptides of PEDF, 44mer peptide (Val78–Thr121), show similar neurotrophic and cytoprotective effect to that of the holoprotein. We found that PEDF can reduce infarct size and protect cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the effects of PEDF on cardiac tr...
Source: Journal of Translational Medicine - February 21, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Hao ZhangTeng SunXia JiangHongli YuMeng WangTengteng WeiHuazhu CuiWei ZhuangZhiwei LiuZhongming ZhangHongyan Dong Source Type: research

Activation of NADPH oxidase mediates increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rabbits
In this study, we proposed to test whether activation of the NADPH oxidase in the remote non-infarcted myocardium mediates ER stress and left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI. Rabbits with MI or sham operation were randomly assigned to orally receive an NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin or placebo for 30days. The agents were administered beginning at 1week after surgery. MI rabbits exhibited decreases in LV fractional shortening, LV ejection fraction and the first derivative of the LV pressure rise, which were abolished by apocynin treatment. NADPH oxidase Nox2 protein and mRNA expressions were increased in the remote n...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - February 12, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research