Bleeding Complications of Portal Hypertension
In portal hypertension, acute variceal bleed is the cause of 2/3rd of all upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. It is a life-threatening emergency in patients with cirrhosis. Nonselective beta-blockers by decreasing the hepatic venous pressure gradient are the mainstay of medical therapy for the prevention of variceal bleeding and rebleeding. Evaluation of the severity of bleed, hemodynamic resuscitation, prophylactic antibiotic, and intravenous splanchnic vasoconstrictors should precede the endoscopy procedure. Endoscopic band ligation is the recommended endotherapy. Rescue transjugular intrahepatic port-systemic shun...
Source: Clinics in Liver Disease - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Chitranshu Vashishtha, Shiv Kumar Sarin Source Type: research
Pulmonary Complications of Portal Hypertension
Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), hepatopulmonary syndrome, and hepatic hydrothorax constitute significant complications of portal hypertension, with important implications for management and liver transplantation (LT) candidacy. POPH is characterized by obstruction and remodeling of the pulmonary resistance arterial bed. Hepatopulmonary syndrome is the most common pulmonary vascular disorder, characterized by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations causing impaired gas exchange. LT may improve prognosis in select patients with POPH. LT is the only effective treatment of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Hepatic hydrothorax is defin...
Source: Clinics in Liver Disease - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Shoma Bommena, Michael B. Fallon Source Type: research
Porto-sinusoidal Vascular Disease and Portal Hypertension
Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) is the medical diagnosis for a patient who has portal hypertension in the absence of cirrhosis on liver biopsy. There are several specific histologic findings for PSVD, including obliterative portal venopathy, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, and incomplete septal fibrosis. Epidemiologic reports vary widely among regions; PSVD comprises less than 10% of causes of portal hypertension in Western countries but incidence has been found to be as high as 48% in India. There is an expansive list of etiologies that have been reported to cause PSVD. (Source: Clinics in Liver Disease)
Source: Clinics in Liver Disease - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sarah Noble, Marguerite Linz, Eduardo Correia, Akram Shalaby, Leonardo Kayat Bittencourt, Seth N. Sclair Source Type: research
Gastroblastoma with an ACTB-GLI1 gene fusion in a 39-year-old man
A 39-year-old man complained with intermittent reflux of acid for 6 months. Physical and laboratory tests showed no abnormalities. Gastroscopy showed a 3.0-cm submucosal mass at the gastric antrum (Fig. 1A). Ultrasound gastroscopy showed a submucosal lesion with mixed echo (Fig. 1B). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed local thickening (2.7 cm in long-diameter) of the antrum wall (Fig. 1 C,D). The tumor was resected completely by endoscopic submucosal desertion (ESD). Under microscopy, the tumor was composed of mesenchymal cells which were spindle to ovoid shaped, without obvious atypia, and were arranged in a reti...
Source: Digestive and Liver Disease - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lei Huang, Die Hu, Hongjin Hua, Xinmin Si Tags: Image of the Month Source Type: research
When Is the Optimal Time to Refer Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease to Palliative Care Specialists? #481
Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine - April 30, 2024 Category: Palliative Care Authors: Arun Ghoshal Sean Marks James Phillip Esteban Source Type: research
Dengue-related acute liver failure —A scoping review
AbstractInfection by dengue virus is common in tropical countries. Hepatic involvement in dengue can range from asymptomatic elevation of transaminases to life-threatening acute liver failure (ALF). Dengue-related ALF (DALF) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, especially in Southeast Asia. However, there is a scarcity of literature on DALF, necessitating a thorough examination of its clinical determinants and management strategies. All relevant studies related to DALF were reviewed until December 2023. Case reports, case series and studies reporting ALF in dengue infection were included. Demographics, c...
Source: Indian Journal of Gastroenterology - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Emerging Roles of Spatial Transcriptomics in Liver Research
In conclusion, spatial transcriptomics represents a significant advance in hepatology, promising to enhance our understanding and treatment of liver diseases. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Liver Disease)
Source: Seminars in Liver Disease - April 30, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Fujiwara, Naoto Kimura, Genki Nakagawa, Hayato Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes: two sides of the same coin? From single PPAR to pan-PPAR agonists
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), mainly related to nutrition and lack of physical activity, are both very common conditions, share several disease pathways and clinical manifestations, and increasingly co-occur with disease progression. Insulin resistance is an upstream node in the biology of both conditions and triggers liver parenchymal injury, inflammation and fibrosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) nuclear transcription factors are master regulators of energy homeostasis - insulin signaling in liver, adipose and skeletal muscle tissue - and ...
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - April 30, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Michael P. Cooreman, Luisa Vonghia, Sven M. Francque Source Type: research
A consortium of Hordeum vulgare and gut microbiota against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via data-driven analysis
Volume 52, Issue 1, December 2024, Page 250-260 . (Source: Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Biotechnology)
Source: Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Biotechnology - April 30, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Su-Been LeeHaripriya GuptaByeong-Hyun MinRaja GanesanSatya Priya SharmaSung-Min WonJin-Ju JeongMin-Gi ChaGoo-Hyun KwonMin-Kyo JeongJi-Ye HyunJung-A EomHee-Jin ParkSang-Jun YoonSang Youn LeeMi-Ran ChoiDong Joon KimKi-Kwang OhKi-Tae SukInstitute for Liver a Source Type: research
The Effect of Open-Label Semaglutide on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in People With HIV
Ann Intern Med. 2024 Apr 30. doi: 10.7326/M23-3354. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38684100 | DOI:10.7326/M23-3354 (Source: Annals of Internal Medicine)
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 29, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jordan E Lake Douglas W Kitch Amy Kantor Raja Muthupillai Karin L Klingman Christina Vernon Pablo F Belaunzaran-Zamudio Carl J Fichtenbaum Sonya Heath Hugo Perazzo Kathleen Corey Todd T Brown Alan Landay Fred Sattler Kristine M Erlandson Source Type: research
Complications After Ankle Fracture Surgery in Finland Between 1998 and 2020
CONCLUSIONS: Although postoperative complications are relatively rare, their treatment can lead to considerable morbidity. The findings of this study allow us to identify patients who are prone to complications or reoperations after undergoing operative treatment for ankle fracture.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.PMID:38683891 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.23.00745 (Source: Hand Surgery)
Source: Hand Surgery - April 29, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Ville Happonen Heikki Kr öger Reijo Sund Source Type: research
Interplay between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and renal function: An intriguing pediatric perspective
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Apr 21;30(15):2081-2086. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2081.ABSTRACTOver recent years, the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has undergone significant changes. Indeed, in 2020, an expert consensus panel proposed the term "Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease" (MAFLD) to underscore the close association of fatty liver with metabolic abnormalities, thereby highlighting the cardiometabolic risks (such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease) faced by these patients since childhood. More recently, this term has been further ...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - April 29, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Michele Nardolillo Fabiola Rescigno Mario Bartiromo Dario Piatto Stefano Guarino Pierluigi Marzuillo Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice Anna Di Sessa Source Type: research
Omics-based biomarkers as useful tools in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease clinical practice: How far are we?
This article presents an overview of this area's current state, the conceivable opportunities and challenges of omics-based laboratory diagnostics, and a roadmap for improving MASLD biomarker research.PMID:38681130 | PMC:PMC11045490 | DOI:10.3748/wjg.v30.i14.1982 (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - April 29, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Julieta Trinks Mar ía F Mascardi Adri án Gadano Sebasti án Marciano Source Type: research
Liver biopsy in the post-hepatitis C virus era in Japan
In conclusion, pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.PMID:38681127 | PMC:PMC11045496 | DOI:10.3748/wjg.v30.i14.1949 (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - April 29, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yoshihiro Ikura Takako Okubo Yasuhiro Sakai Source Type: research
Current status of liver transplantation for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in mainland China
This study provides an overview of the current landscape of HIV-positive patients receiving liver transplantation (LT) in mainland China. To date, our transplant center has conducted LT for eight end-stage liver disease patients co-infected with HIV, and all but one, who died two months postoperatively due to sepsis and progressive multi-organ failure, have survived. Comparative analysis with hepatitis B virus-infected patients during the same period revealed no statistically significant differences in acute rejection reactions, cytomegalovirus infection, bacteremia, pulmonary infections, acute kidney injury, new-onset can...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - April 29, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jian-Xin Tang Dong Zhao Source Type: research
