Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 617: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) in Domestic Dogs and Zoo Tigers in England and Jersey during 2021
an H. Brown
Sharon M. Brookes
Lorraine M. McElhinney
Reverse zoonotic transmission events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described since the start of the pandemic, and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) designated the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animals a reportable disease. Eighteen domestic and zoo animals in Great Britain and Jersey were tested by APHA for SARS-CoV-2 during 2020–2023. One domestic cat (Felis catus), three domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and three Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) from a zoo were confirmed positive d...
Source: Viruses - April 16, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Amanda H. Seekings Rebecca Shipley Alexander M. P. Byrne Shweta Shukla Megan Golding Joan Amaya-Cuesta Hooman Goharriz Ana G ómez Vitores Fabian Z. X. Lean Joe James Alejandro N úñez Alistair Breed Andrew Frost J örg Balzer Ian H. Brown Sharon M. Broo Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 618: Burden, Outcome, and Comorbidities of Extrahepatic Manifestations in Hepatitis B Virus Infections
Nugent
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections affect approximately 296 million people around the world, and the prevalence of any past or present HBV infection during the years 2015–2018 was as high as 4.3%. Acute HBV infection often presents with nonspecific symptoms and is usually self-limited, but 5% of patients can have persistent infections leading to chronic HBV infection and the risk of turning into chronic HBV infection is significantly higher in babies with vertical transmission (95%). Patients with chronic HBV infection are usually asymptomatic, but 15 to 40% of chronic HBV carriers develop cirrhosi...
Source: Viruses - April 16, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Busara Songtanin Nattanicha Chaisrimaneepan Roberto Mend óza Kenneth Nugent Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 619: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Murine Cytomegalovirus-Infected Pneumonia via NF- & kappa;B/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 619: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Murine Cytomegalovirus-Infected Pneumonia via NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16040619
Authors:
Fei Chen
Zhida Chen
Hui-Ting Wu
Xin-Xiang Chen
Peiqi Zhan
Zheng-Yi Wei
Zizhang Ouyang
Xueyan Jiang
Ao Shen
Min-Hua Luo
Qifa Liu
Yue-Peng Zhou
Aiping Qin
Reactivation and infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are frequently observed in recipients of solid organ transplants, bone marrow transplants, and individuals with HIV infection. This presents an increasing risk of allograft rejection, opp...
Source: Viruses - April 16, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Fei Chen Zhida Chen Hui-Ting Wu Xin-Xiang Chen Peiqi Zhan Zheng-Yi Wei Zizhang Ouyang Xueyan Jiang Ao Shen Min-Hua Luo Qifa Liu Yue-Peng Zhou Aiping Qin Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 615: Co-Transcriptional Regulation of HBV Replication: RNA Quality Also Matters
Testoni
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a major public health burden and the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the efficacy of current treatments, hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot be fully eradicated due to the persistence of its minichromosome, or covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). The HBV community is investing large human and financial resources to develop new therapeutic strategies that either silence or ideally degrade cccDNA, to cure HBV completely or functionally. cccDNA transcription is considered to be the key step for HBV replication. Transcription not only influences the lev...
Source: Viruses - April 16, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Guillaume Giraud Khadija El Achi Fabien Zoulim Barbara Testoni Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 610: Characterization of Mycoviruses in Armillaria ostoyae and A. cepistipes in the Czech Republic
v Čurn
Members of the genus Armillaria are widespread forest pathogens against which effective protection has not yet been developed. Due to their longevity and the creation of large-scale cloning of Armillaria individuals, the use of mycoviruses as biocontrol agents (BCAs) against these pathogens could be an effective alternative. This work describes the detection and characterization of viruses in Armillaria spp. collected in the Czech Republic through the application of stranded total RNA sequencing. A total of five single-stranded RNA viruses were detected in Armillaria ostoyae and A. cepistipes, including viruses...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Lucie Walterov á Leticia Botella Ond řej Hejna Marcos de la Pe ña Tom áš Tonka Vladislav Čurn Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 611: Natural Killer Cells Do Not Attenuate a Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2-Induced Disease in Rag2 & minus;/ & minus; Mice
This study investigates the roles of T, B, and Natural Killer (NK) cells in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19, utilizing mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2-MA30 (MA30). To evaluate this MA30 mouse model, we characterized MA30-infected C57BL/6 mice (B6) and compared them with SARS-CoV-2-WA1 (an original SARS-CoV-2 strain) infected K18-human ACE2 (K18-hACE2) mice. We found that the infected B6 mice developed severe peribronchial inflammation and rapid severe pulmonary edema, but less lung interstitial inflammation than the infected K18-hACE2 mice. These pathological findings recapitulate some pathological changes seen in severe COVI...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Calder R Ellsworth Chenxiao Wang Alexis R Katz Zheng Chen Mohammad Islamuddin Haoran Yang Sarah E Scheuermann Kelly A Goff Nicholas J Maness Robert V Blair Jay K Kolls Xuebin Qin Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 612: Viroids of the Mediterranean Basin
adidi
There has been substantial progress in the Mediterranean countries regarding research on viroids. Twenty-nine viroid species, all belonging to Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae genera, have been detected in the Mediterranean Basin. Not only have detection methods, such as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, been used for viroid detection, along with molecular hybridization techniques allowing for rapid detection, identification, and characterization of known and novel viroids in these countries, but eradication measures have also been taken that allowed for t...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maria Kaponi Panayota E. Kyriakopoulou Ahmed Hadidi Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 614: Evaluation of a Revised Point-of-Care Test for the Detection of Feline Leukaemia p27 Antigen and Anti-p15E Antibodies in Cats
This study aimed to assess this PoC test’s performance concerning FeLV p27 antigen and FeLV anti-p15E antibody detection. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were assessed after ten minutes (recommended) and 20 min (prolonged) incubation times. The test results were evaluated as either positive or negative. Serum samples from 934 cats were included, originating from Italy (n = 269), Portugal (n = 240), Germany (n = 318), and France (n = 107). FeLV p27 antigen and anti-p15E antibodies were measured by reference standard ELISAs and compared to the PoC test results. The P...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Juliana Giselbrecht St éphanie Jähne Mich èle Bergmann Marina L. Meli Svenja Teichmann-Knorrn Yury Zablotski Maria-Grazia Pennisi Nicolas Layachi Rodrigo Serra Stefano Bo Regina Hofmann-Lehmann Katrin Hartmann Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 613: Risk of Cardiovascular Events in People with HIV (PWH) Treated with Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors: The Debate Is Not Over; Results of the SCOLTA Study
tali
Rita Bellagamba
Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
Antonio Cascio
Eleonora Sarchi
Roberto Gulminetti
Leonardo Calza
Paolo Maggi
Giovanni Cenderello
Alessandra Bandera
Maria Aurora Carleo
Katia Falasca
Sergio Ferrara
Salvatore Martini
Giuliana Guadagnino
Goffredo Angioni
Olivia Bargiacchi
Elena Delfina Ricci
Nicola Squillace
Paolo Bonfanti
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in people with HIV (PWH), and has great impact in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several intertwined mechanisms are believed to play a role in determining the increased risk of CVD, including the effect of ce...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Nicol ò Corti Barbara Menzaghi Giancarlo Orofino Marta Guastavigna Filippo Lagi Antonio Di Biagio Lucia Taramasso Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio Chiara Molteni Giordano Madeddu Elena Salomoni Giovanni Francesco Pellican ò Emanuele Pontali Rita Bellagamba Be Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 607: Host Barriers Limit Viral Spread in a Spillover Host: A Study of Deformed Wing Virus in the Bumblebee Bombus & nbsp;terrestris
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 607: Host Barriers Limit Viral Spread in a Spillover Host: A Study of Deformed Wing Virus in the Bumblebee Bombus terrestris
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16040607
Authors:
Tabea Streicher
Pina Brinker
Simon Tragust
Robert J. Paxton
The transmission of pathogens from reservoir to recipient host species, termed pathogen spillover, can profoundly impact plant, animal, and public health. However, why some pathogens lead to disease emergence in a novel species while others fail to establish or do not elicit disease is often poorly understood. There is strong evidence that deformed wing vi...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Tabea Streicher Pina Brinker Simon Tragust Robert J. Paxton Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 608: Fusarium sacchari hypovirus 1, a Member of Hypoviridae with Virulence Attenuation Capacity in Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species
aoshan Chen
In a survey of mycoviruses in Fusarium species that cause sugarcane Pokkah boeng disease, twelve Fusarium strains from three Fusarium species (F. sacchari, F. andiyazi, and F. solani) were found to contain Fusarium sacchari hypovirus 1 (FsHV1), which we reported previously. The genomes of these variants range from 13,966 to 13,983 nucleotides, with 98.6% to 99.9% nucleotide sequence identity and 98.70% to 99.9% protein sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis placed these FsHV1 variants within the Alphahypovirus cluster of Hypoviridae. Intriguingly, no clear correlation was found between the geographic or...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Qiujuan Zhou Ziting Yao Xueying Cao Yuejia Chen Chengwu Zou Baoshan Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 609: Mechanisms of Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA and Minichromosome Formation and HBV Gene Transcription
ss
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the etiologic agent of chronic hepatitis B, which puts at least 300 million patients at risk of developing fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is a partially double-stranded DNA virus of the Hepadnaviridae family. While HBV was discovered more than 50 years ago, many aspects of its replicative cycle remain incompletely understood. Central to HBV persistence is the formation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) from the incoming relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) genome. cccDNA persists as a chromatinized minichromosome and is the major template for HBV gene transcription...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Andoni G ómez-Moreno Alexander Ploss Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 605: Host Immune Response Modulation in Avian Coronavirus Infection: Tracheal Transcriptome Profiling In Vitro and In Vivo
l Abdul-Careem
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious Gammacoronavirus causing moderate to severe respiratory infection in chickens. Understanding the initial antiviral response in the respiratory mucosa is crucial for controlling viral spread. We aimed to characterize the impact of IBV Delmarva (DMV)/1639 and IBV Massachusetts (Mass) 41 at the primary site of infection, namely, in chicken tracheal epithelial cells (cTECs) in vitro and the trachea in vivo. We hypothesized that some elements of the induced antiviral responses are distinct in both infection models. We inoculated cTECs and infected young...
Source: Viruses - April 14, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Kelsey O ’Dowd Ishara M. Isham Safieh Vatandour Martine Boulianne Charles M. Dozois Carl A. Gagnon Neda Barjesteh Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 606: Developmental Dynamics of the Gut Virome in Tibetan Pigs at High Altitude: A Metagenomic Perspective across Age Groups
This study provides a novel metagenomic exploration of the gut virome in Tibetan pigs (altitude ≈ 3000 m) across three critical developmental stages, including lactation, nursery, and fattening. The composition of viral communities in the Tibetan pig intestine, with a dominant presence of Microviridae phages observed across all stages of development, in combination with the previous literature, suggest that it may be associated with geographical locations with high altitude. Functional annotation of viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) highlights that, among the constantly increasing vOTUs groups, the ad...
Source: Viruses - April 14, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Runbo Luo Aohan Guan Bin Ma Yuan Gao Yuna Peng Yanling He Qianshuai Xu Kexin Li Yanan Zhong Rui Luo Ruibing Cao Hui Jin Yan Lin Peng Shang Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 600: Clinical Evaluation of the BIOFIRE SPOTFIRE Respiratory Panel
Kwan Ma
Bone Siu-Fai Tang
The BIOFIRE SPOTFIRE Respiratory (R) Panel is a novel, in vitro diagnostic PCR assay with 15 pathogen targets. The runtime is about 15 min which is the shortest among similar panels in the market. We evaluated the performance of the SPOTFIRE R Panel with 151 specimens, including 133 collected from the upper respiratory tract (URT), 13 from the lower respiratory tract (LRT) and 5 external quality assessment program (EQAP) samples. The respiratory specimens were enrolled throughout the first two post-COVID-19 influenza seasons in Hong Kong (March to December 2023). For URT specimens, full conc...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Wai-Sing Chan Christy Wing-Yiu Ho Tsz-Ching Chan Jeffrey Hung Man-Yan To Sau-Man Leung Ka-Chun Lai Ching-Yan Wong Chin-Pang Leung Chun-Hang Au Thomas Shek-Kong Wan Jonpaul Sze-Tsing Zee Edmond Shiu-Kwan Ma Bone Siu-Fai Tang Tags: Communication Source Type: research
