Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 611: Natural Killer Cells Do Not Attenuate a Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2-Induced Disease in Rag2 & minus;/ & minus; Mice
This study investigates the roles of T, B, and Natural Killer (NK) cells in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19, utilizing mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2-MA30 (MA30). To evaluate this MA30 mouse model, we characterized MA30-infected C57BL/6 mice (B6) and compared them with SARS-CoV-2-WA1 (an original SARS-CoV-2 strain) infected K18-human ACE2 (K18-hACE2) mice. We found that the infected B6 mice developed severe peribronchial inflammation and rapid severe pulmonary edema, but less lung interstitial inflammation than the infected K18-hACE2 mice. These pathological findings recapitulate some pathological changes seen in severe COVI...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Calder R Ellsworth Chenxiao Wang Alexis R Katz Zheng Chen Mohammad Islamuddin Haoran Yang Sarah E Scheuermann Kelly A Goff Nicholas J Maness Robert V Blair Jay K Kolls Xuebin Qin Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 612: Viroids of the Mediterranean Basin
adidi
There has been substantial progress in the Mediterranean countries regarding research on viroids. Twenty-nine viroid species, all belonging to Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae genera, have been detected in the Mediterranean Basin. Not only have detection methods, such as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, been used for viroid detection, along with molecular hybridization techniques allowing for rapid detection, identification, and characterization of known and novel viroids in these countries, but eradication measures have also been taken that allowed for t...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maria Kaponi Panayota E. Kyriakopoulou Ahmed Hadidi Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 614: Evaluation of a Revised Point-of-Care Test for the Detection of Feline Leukaemia p27 Antigen and Anti-p15E Antibodies in Cats
This study aimed to assess this PoC test’s performance concerning FeLV p27 antigen and FeLV anti-p15E antibody detection. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were assessed after ten minutes (recommended) and 20 min (prolonged) incubation times. The test results were evaluated as either positive or negative. Serum samples from 934 cats were included, originating from Italy (n = 269), Portugal (n = 240), Germany (n = 318), and France (n = 107). FeLV p27 antigen and anti-p15E antibodies were measured by reference standard ELISAs and compared to the PoC test results. The P...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Juliana Giselbrecht St éphanie Jähne Mich èle Bergmann Marina L. Meli Svenja Teichmann-Knorrn Yury Zablotski Maria-Grazia Pennisi Nicolas Layachi Rodrigo Serra Stefano Bo Regina Hofmann-Lehmann Katrin Hartmann Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 613: Risk of Cardiovascular Events in People with HIV (PWH) Treated with Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors: The Debate Is Not Over; Results of the SCOLTA Study
tali
Rita Bellagamba
Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
Antonio Cascio
Eleonora Sarchi
Roberto Gulminetti
Leonardo Calza
Paolo Maggi
Giovanni Cenderello
Alessandra Bandera
Maria Aurora Carleo
Katia Falasca
Sergio Ferrara
Salvatore Martini
Giuliana Guadagnino
Goffredo Angioni
Olivia Bargiacchi
Elena Delfina Ricci
Nicola Squillace
Paolo Bonfanti
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in people with HIV (PWH), and has great impact in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several intertwined mechanisms are believed to play a role in determining the increased risk of CVD, including the effect of ce...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Nicol ò Corti Barbara Menzaghi Giancarlo Orofino Marta Guastavigna Filippo Lagi Antonio Di Biagio Lucia Taramasso Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio Chiara Molteni Giordano Madeddu Elena Salomoni Giovanni Francesco Pellican ò Emanuele Pontali Rita Bellagamba Be Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 607: Host Barriers Limit Viral Spread in a Spillover Host: A Study of Deformed Wing Virus in the Bumblebee Bombus & nbsp;terrestris
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 607: Host Barriers Limit Viral Spread in a Spillover Host: A Study of Deformed Wing Virus in the Bumblebee Bombus terrestris
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16040607
Authors:
Tabea Streicher
Pina Brinker
Simon Tragust
Robert J. Paxton
The transmission of pathogens from reservoir to recipient host species, termed pathogen spillover, can profoundly impact plant, animal, and public health. However, why some pathogens lead to disease emergence in a novel species while others fail to establish or do not elicit disease is often poorly understood. There is strong evidence that deformed wing vi...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Tabea Streicher Pina Brinker Simon Tragust Robert J. Paxton Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 608: Fusarium sacchari hypovirus 1, a Member of Hypoviridae with Virulence Attenuation Capacity in Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species
aoshan Chen
In a survey of mycoviruses in Fusarium species that cause sugarcane Pokkah boeng disease, twelve Fusarium strains from three Fusarium species (F. sacchari, F. andiyazi, and F. solani) were found to contain Fusarium sacchari hypovirus 1 (FsHV1), which we reported previously. The genomes of these variants range from 13,966 to 13,983 nucleotides, with 98.6% to 99.9% nucleotide sequence identity and 98.70% to 99.9% protein sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis placed these FsHV1 variants within the Alphahypovirus cluster of Hypoviridae. Intriguingly, no clear correlation was found between the geographic or...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Qiujuan Zhou Ziting Yao Xueying Cao Yuejia Chen Chengwu Zou Baoshan Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 609: Mechanisms of Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA and Minichromosome Formation and HBV Gene Transcription
ss
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the etiologic agent of chronic hepatitis B, which puts at least 300 million patients at risk of developing fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is a partially double-stranded DNA virus of the Hepadnaviridae family. While HBV was discovered more than 50 years ago, many aspects of its replicative cycle remain incompletely understood. Central to HBV persistence is the formation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) from the incoming relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) genome. cccDNA persists as a chromatinized minichromosome and is the major template for HBV gene transcription...
Source: Viruses - April 15, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Andoni G ómez-Moreno Alexander Ploss Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 605: Host Immune Response Modulation in Avian Coronavirus Infection: Tracheal Transcriptome Profiling In Vitro and In Vivo
l Abdul-Careem
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious Gammacoronavirus causing moderate to severe respiratory infection in chickens. Understanding the initial antiviral response in the respiratory mucosa is crucial for controlling viral spread. We aimed to characterize the impact of IBV Delmarva (DMV)/1639 and IBV Massachusetts (Mass) 41 at the primary site of infection, namely, in chicken tracheal epithelial cells (cTECs) in vitro and the trachea in vivo. We hypothesized that some elements of the induced antiviral responses are distinct in both infection models. We inoculated cTECs and infected young...
Source: Viruses - April 14, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Kelsey O ’Dowd Ishara M. Isham Safieh Vatandour Martine Boulianne Charles M. Dozois Carl A. Gagnon Neda Barjesteh Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 606: Developmental Dynamics of the Gut Virome in Tibetan Pigs at High Altitude: A Metagenomic Perspective across Age Groups
This study provides a novel metagenomic exploration of the gut virome in Tibetan pigs (altitude ≈ 3000 m) across three critical developmental stages, including lactation, nursery, and fattening. The composition of viral communities in the Tibetan pig intestine, with a dominant presence of Microviridae phages observed across all stages of development, in combination with the previous literature, suggest that it may be associated with geographical locations with high altitude. Functional annotation of viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) highlights that, among the constantly increasing vOTUs groups, the ad...
Source: Viruses - April 14, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Runbo Luo Aohan Guan Bin Ma Yuan Gao Yuna Peng Yanling He Qianshuai Xu Kexin Li Yanan Zhong Rui Luo Ruibing Cao Hui Jin Yan Lin Peng Shang Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 600: Clinical Evaluation of the BIOFIRE SPOTFIRE Respiratory Panel
Kwan Ma
Bone Siu-Fai Tang
The BIOFIRE SPOTFIRE Respiratory (R) Panel is a novel, in vitro diagnostic PCR assay with 15 pathogen targets. The runtime is about 15 min which is the shortest among similar panels in the market. We evaluated the performance of the SPOTFIRE R Panel with 151 specimens, including 133 collected from the upper respiratory tract (URT), 13 from the lower respiratory tract (LRT) and 5 external quality assessment program (EQAP) samples. The respiratory specimens were enrolled throughout the first two post-COVID-19 influenza seasons in Hong Kong (March to December 2023). For URT specimens, full conc...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Wai-Sing Chan Christy Wing-Yiu Ho Tsz-Ching Chan Jeffrey Hung Man-Yan To Sau-Man Leung Ka-Chun Lai Ching-Yan Wong Chin-Pang Leung Chun-Hang Au Thomas Shek-Kong Wan Jonpaul Sze-Tsing Zee Edmond Shiu-Kwan Ma Bone Siu-Fai Tang Tags: Communication Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 601: m6A Methylation in Regulation of Antiviral Innate Immunity
Dmitry Kostyushev
The epitranscriptomic modification m6A is a prevalent RNA modification that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various aspects of RNA metabolism. It has been found to be involved in a wide range of physiological processes and disease states. Of particular interest is the role of m6A machinery and modifications in viral infections, serving as an evolutionary marker for distinguishing between self and non-self entities. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the epitranscriptomic modification m6A and its implications for the interplay between viruses and their host, focu...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Ivan Karandashov Artyom Kachanov Maria Dukich Natalia Ponomareva Sergey Brezgin Alexander Lukashev Vadim S. Pokrovsky Vladimir Chulanov Anastasiya Kostyusheva Dmitry Kostyushev Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 602: Two Novel Geminiviruses Identified in Bees (Apis mellifera and Nomia sp.)
rsani
Members of the Geminviridae family are circular single-stranded DNA plant-infecting viruses, some of which impact global food production. Geminiviruses are vectored by sap-feeding insects such as leafhoppers, treehoppers, aphids, and whiteflies. Additionally, geminivirus sequences have also been identified in other insects such as dragonflies, mosquitoes, and stingless bees. As part of a viral metagenomics study on honeybees and solitary bees (Nomia sp.), two geminivirus genomes were identified. These represent a novel citlodavirus (from honeybees collected from Westmoreland, Jamaica) and a mastrevirus-like genom...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Rohan Antonio Bandoo Simona Kraberger Arvind Varsani Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 603: Viral Threats to Fruit and Vegetable Crops in the Caribbean
Lisa Myers Morgan
Viruses pose major global challenges to crop production as infections reduce the yield and quality of harvested products, hinder germplasm exchange, increase financial inputs, and threaten food security. Small island or archipelago habitat conditions such as those in the Caribbean are particularly susceptible as the region is characterized by high rainfall and uniform, warm temperatures throughout the year. Moreover, Caribbean islands are continuously exposed to disease risks because of their location at the intersection of transcontinental trade between North and South America and their role as cen...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Paula Tennant Sephra Rampersad Angela Alleyne Lloyd Johnson Deiondra Tai Icolyn Amarakoon Marcia Roye Patrice Pitter Peta-Gaye Chang Lisa Myers Morgan Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 604: Brief Histories of Retroviral Integration Research and Associated International Conferences
man
The field of retroviral integration research has a long history that started with the provirus hypothesis and subsequent discoveries of the retroviral reverse transcriptase and integrase enzymes. Because both enzymes are essential for retroviral replication, they became valued targets in the effort to discover effective compounds to inhibit HIV-1 replication. In 2007, the first integrase strand transfer inhibitor was licensed for clinical use, and subsequently approved second-generation integrase inhibitors are now commonly co-formulated with reverse transcriptase inhibitors to treat people living with HIV. Interna...
Source: Viruses - April 13, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Duane P. Grandgenett Alan N. Engelman Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 598: Avian Influenza Virus and Avian Paramyxoviruses in Wild Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the Caspian Sea (2017 & ndash;2020)
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 598: Avian Influenza Virus and Avian Paramyxoviruses in Wild Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the Caspian Sea (2017–2020)
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16040598
Authors:
Murashkina
Sharshov
Gadzhiev
Petherbridge
Derko
Sobolev
Dubovitskiy
Loginova
Kurskaya
Kasianov
Kabilov
Mine
Uchida
Tsunekuni
Saito
Alekseev
Shestopalov
The flyways of many different wild waterfowl pass through the Caspian Sea region. The western coast of the middle Caspian Sea is an area with many wetlands, where wintering grounds with large concentrations of birds are loca...
Source: Viruses - April 12, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Murashkina Sharshov Gadzhiev Petherbridge Derko Sobolev Dubovitskiy Loginova Kurskaya Kasianov Kabilov Mine Uchida Tsunekuni Saito Alekseev Shestopalov Tags: Article Source Type: research
