Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 431: Development of Glycyrrhizinic Acid-Based Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP-GA) as An Adjuvant That Improves the Immune Response to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike Recombinant Protein
In this study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) complex based on glycyrrhizinic acid (GA) and tested its efficacy as an adjuvant in mice immunized with the recombinant N-terminal domain (NTD) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike (S) protein (rNTD-S). The dispersion stability analysis (Z-potential −27.6 mV) confirmed the size and charge stability of the LNP-GA, demonstrating that the particles were homogeneously dispersed and strongly anionic, which favors nanoparticles binding with the rNTD-S protein, which showed a slightly positive charge (2.11 mV) by in silico analysis. TEM image of LNP-G...
Source: Viruses - March 11, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Jos é Bryan García-Cambrón Jos é Luis Cerriteño-Sánchez Roc ío Lara-Romero David Quintanar-Guerrero Gerardo Blancas-Flores Brenda L. S ánchez-Gaytán Irma Herrera-Camacho Julieta Sandra Cuevas-Romero Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 432: Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Renal Transplant Recipients: Species Diversity and Variability
This study aimed to determine the TTV species diversity and variability in renal transplant recipients and to associate species diversity with the corresponding TTV viral load. From 27 recipients, 30 plasma samples were selected. Viral load was determined using two real-time PCR assays, followed by RCA-NGS and ORF1 phylogenetic analysis. The TTV diversity was determined in all samples. Variability was determined in three patients with two sequential samples (pre- and post-transplantation). Most of the samples presented multiple TTV species, up to 15 different species were detected. In the pre-transplant samples (n = 12), t...
Source: Viruses - March 11, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Noelia Soledad Reyes Pietro Giorgio Spezia Raquel Jara Fabio Filippini Natalia Boccia Gonzalo Garc ía Eliana Hermida Fernando Adrian Poletta Mauro Pistello Gustavo Laham Fabrizio Maggi Marcela Echavarria Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 429: Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions during the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Hospitalized Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Noyola
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented in order to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, potentially affecting the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This review evaluated the impact of NPIs on RSV-related hospitalizations in children during the lockdown (2020–2021) compared to the pre-pandemic (2015–2020) and post-lockdown (2021–2022) periods. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published in English between 1 January 2015 and 31 Dece...
Source: Viruses - March 11, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Jos é J. Leija-Martínez Luis A. Esparza-Miranda Gerardo Rivera-Alfaro Daniel E. Noyola Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 427: Structural Insights into Plant Viruses Revealed by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Atomic Force Microscopy
Oleg V. Batishchev
The structural study of plant viruses is of great importance to reduce the damage caused by these agricultural pathogens and to support their biotechnological applications. Nowadays, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy are well accepted methods to obtain the 3D protein structure with the best resolution. However, for large and complex supramolecular structures such as plant viruses, especially flexible filamentous ones, there are a number of technical limitations to resolving their native structure in solution. In addition, they do not allow us to obtain structural i...
Source: Viruses - March 10, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Eleonora V. Shtykova Evgeniy V. Dubrovin Alexander L. Ksenofontov Polina K. Gifer Maxim V. Petoukhov Valeriy K. Tokhtar Irina M. Sapozhnikova Andrey N. Stavrianidi Larisa V. Kordyukova Oleg V. Batishchev Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 428: Single-Dose Immunogenic DNA Vaccines Coding for Live-Attenuated Alpha- and Flaviviruses
tyakova
Single-dose, immunogenic DNA (iDNA) vaccines coding for whole live-attenuated viruses are reviewed. This platform, sometimes called immunization DNA, has been used for vaccine development for flavi- and alphaviruses. An iDNA vaccine uses plasmid DNA to launch live-attenuated virus vaccines in vitro or in vivo. When iDNA is injected into mammalian cells in vitro or in vivo, the RNA genome of an attenuated virus is transcribed, which starts replication of a defined, live-attenuated vaccine virus in cell culture or the cells of a vaccine recipient. In the latter case, an immune response to the live virus vaccine i...
Source: Viruses - March 10, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Peter Pushko Igor S. Lukashevich Dylan M. Johnson Irina Tretyakova Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 425: & gamma; & delta; T Cells Mediate a Requisite Portion of a Wound Healing Response Triggered by Cutaneous Poxvirus Infection
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 425: γδ T Cells Mediate a Requisite Portion of a Wound Healing Response Triggered by Cutaneous Poxvirus Infection
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16030425
Authors:
Irene E. Reider
Eugene Lin
Tracy E. Krouse
Nikhil J. Parekh
Amanda M. Nelson
Christopher C. Norbury
Infection at barrier sites, e.g., skin, activates local immune defenses that limit pathogen spread, while preserving tissue integrity. Phenotypically distinct γδ T cell populations reside in skin, where they shape immunity to cutaneous infection prior to onset of an adaptive immune res...
Source: Viruses - March 10, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Irene E. Reider Eugene Lin Tracy E. Krouse Nikhil J. Parekh Amanda M. Nelson Christopher C. Norbury Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 426: Comprehensive Comparison of Baculoviral and Plasmid Gene Delivery in Mammalian Cells
This study demonstrated the superiority of the BacMam platform to standard transfections. The baculovirus efficiently transduced an array of cell lines both transiently and stably and achieved the highest efficiency for all tested cell lines. The feasibility of the scale-up of baculovirus production was demonstrated and the possibility of baculovirus purification was successfully explored. (Source: Viruses)
Source: Viruses - March 10, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maria Toth Manuel Reithofer Gregory Dutra Patricia Pereira Aguilar Astrid D ürauer Reingard Grabherr Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 420: HIV-1 Vpr Functions in Primary CD4+ T Cells
The objective of this review is to present these discoveries in their biological context to illustrate the mechanisms whereby Vpr supports HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T cells, whilst identifying findings that require validation in physiologically relevant models. (Source: Viruses)
Source: Viruses - March 9, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Carlos Alberto Vanegas-Torres Michael Schindler Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 421: Structural Impact of the Interaction of the Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein with Genomic RNA Segments
In this study, we employed SHAPE chemical probing to compare the structure of NS and M vRNAs of WSN IAV in various states: before the addition of NP, in complex with NP, and after the removal of NP. Comparison of the RNA structures before the addition of NP and after its removal reveals that NP, while introducing limited changes, remodels local structures in both vRNAs and long-range interactions in the NS vRNA, suggesting a potentially biologically relevant RNA chaperone activity. In contrast, NP significantly alters the structure of vRNAs in vRNA/NP complexes, though incorporating experimental data into RNA secondary str...
Source: Viruses - March 9, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Erwan Quignon Damien Ferhadian Antoine Hache Val érie Vivet-Boudou Catherine Isel Anne Printz-Schweigert Am élie Donchet Thibaut Cr épin Roland Marquet Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 422: CRISPR RNA-Guided Transposases Facilitate Dispensable Gene Study in Phage
In this study, we present an in vivo two-plasmid transposon insertion system to assess the importance of phage genes, which is based on the V. cholerae transposon Tn6677, encoding a nuclease-deficient type I-F CRISPR–Cas system. We first validated the system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and its phage S1. We then used the selection marker AcrVA1 to protect transposon-inserted phages from CRISPR-Cas12a and enriched the transposon-inserted phages. For a pool of selected 10 open-reading frames (2 known functional protein genes and 8 hypothetical protein genes) of phage S1, we identified 5 (2 known functional pr...
Source: Viruses - March 9, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yanmei Liu Zizhen Liang Shuting Yu Yanrui Ye Zhanglin Lin Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 423: Evaluation of the Polysaccharide & ldquo;Immeran & rdquo; Activity in Syrian hamsters & rsquo; Model of SARS-CoV-2
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 423: Evaluation of the Polysaccharide “Immeran” Activity in Syrian hamsters’ Model of SARS-CoV-2
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16030423
Authors:
Liubov Viktorovna Generalova
Denis Pavlovich Laryushkin
Irina Anatolievna Leneva
Anna Valerievna Ivanina
Galina Vladimirovna Trunova
Sergei Vladimirovich Dolinnyi
Evgenii Aleksandrovich Generalov
COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory disease with a high number of lethal cases in humans, which causes the need to search for new therapeutic agents. Polysaccharides could be one of the prospective types of molecule...
Source: Viruses - March 9, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Liubov Viktorovna Generalova Denis Pavlovich Laryushkin Irina Anatolievna Leneva Anna Valerievna Ivanina Galina Vladimirovna Trunova Sergei Vladimirovich Dolinnyi Evgenii Aleksandrovich Generalov Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 424: Identification of Three Novel Linear B-Cell Epitopes in Non-Structural Protein 3 of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Using Monoclonal Antibodies
In this study, three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 7G4, 5A3, and 2D7, targeting PEDV Nsp3 were successfully generated, and three distinct linear B-cell epitopes were identified within these mAbs by using Western blotting analysis with 24 truncations of Nsp3. The epitope against 7G4 was located on amino acids 31-TISQDLLDVE-40, the epitope against 5A3 was found on amino acids 141-LGIVDDPAMG-150, and the epitope against 2D7 was situated on amino acids 282-FYDAAMAIDG-291. Intriguingly, the epitope 31-TISQDLLDVE-40 recognized by the mAb 7G4 appears to be a critical B-cell linear epitope due to its high antigenic index and expos...
Source: Viruses - March 9, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Mingjun Ye Huixin Zhu Zhen Yang Yanni Gao Juan Bai Ping Jiang Xing Liu Xianwei Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 419: Herpes Simplex Virus Bronchopneumonitis in Critically Ill Patients with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure: A Retrospective Analysis
Conclusions: Mortality of critically ill patients with ACLF with HSV bronchopneumonitis was not increased in spite of the cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction. Their clinical course, however, was more complicated with significantly longer mechanical ventilation. (Source: Viruses)
Source: Viruses - March 8, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Miriam Dibos Julian Triebelhorn Jochen Schneider Sebastian Rasch Roland M. Schmid Tobias Lahmer Ulrich Mayr Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 414: Evaluation of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnant Women Admitted to a University Hospital in Istanbul
ayriye Kirkoyun Uysal
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause serious complications in immunocompromised individuals and fetuses with congenital infections. These can include neurodevelopmental impairments and congenital abnormalities in newborns. This paper emphasizes the importance of concurrently evaluating ultrasonography findings and laboratory parameters in diagnosing congenital CMV infection. To examine the prenatal characteristics of CMV DNA-positive patients, we assessed serum and amniotic fluid from 141 pregnant women aged 19–45 years, each with fetal anomalies. ELISA and PCR tests, conducted in respons...
Source: Viruses - March 8, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Evrim Ozdemir Tugba Sarac Sivrikoz Kutay Sarsar Dilruba Tureli Mustafa Onel Mehmet Demirci Gizem Yapar Eray Yurtseven Recep Has Ali Agacfidan Hayriye Kirkoyun Uysal Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 415: Bactericera cockerelli Picorna-like Virus and Three New Viruses Found Circulating in Populations of Potato/Tomato Psyllids (Bactericera cockerelli)
V. Karasev
An investigation of viruses circulating in populations of field and laboratory potato/tomato psyllids (Bactericera cockerelli) was conducted using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology and conventional RT-PCR. Three new viruses were discovered: one from the family Tymoviridae and two from the family Solemoviridae. A tymo-like virus sequence represented a nearly complete 6843 nt genome of a virus named Bactericera cockerelli tymo-like virus (BcTLV) that spanned five open reading frames (ORFs) which encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), helicase, protease, methyltransferase, and a capsid protein....
Source: Viruses - March 8, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Jennifer Dahan Gardenia E. Orellana Kaleigh B. Wald Erik J. Wenninger W. Rodney Cooper Alexander V. Karasev Tags: Article Source Type: research
