Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 481: The Effect of Global Spread, Epidemiology, and Control Strategies on the Evolution of the GI-19 Lineage of Infectious Bronchitis Virus
This study leverages this scenario to explore how different environments may influence virus evolution. Through the analysis of the complete S1 sequence, four datasets were identified, comprising strains of monophyletic clades circulating in different continents or countries (e.g., Asia vs. Europe and China vs. Thailand), indicative of single introduction events and independent evolution. The population dynamics and evolutionary rate variation over time, as well as the presence and intensity of selective pressures, were estimated and compared across these datasets. Since the lineage origin (approximately in the mid-20th ce...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Giovanni Franzo Giulia Faustini Claudia Maria Tucciarone Francesca Poletto Francesca Tonellato Mattia Cecchinato Matteo Legnardi Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 468: Host-like RNA Elements Regulate Virus Translation
Fox
Viruses are obligate, intracellular parasites that co-opt host cell machineries for propagation. Critical among these machineries are those that translate RNA into protein and their mechanisms of control. Most regulatory mechanisms effectuate their activity by targeting sequence or structural features at the RNA termini, i.e., at the 5′ or 3′ ends, including the untranslated regions (UTRs). Translation of most eukaryotic mRNAs is initiated by 5′ cap-dependent scanning. In contrast, many viruses initiate translation at internal RNA regions at internal ribosome entry sites (I...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Debjit Khan Paul L. Fox Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 469: Trends of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Poland: Assessing the Potential Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and War in Ukraine
This study analyzed trends of HAV infections in Poland according to socio-demographic features in the years 2009–2022 and assessed the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023) and the migration of war refugees from Ukraine (since February 2022). In 2009–2022, 7115 new cases of HAV infection were diagnosed in Poland, especially among men (66.4%) and in urban areas (77.4%). Infections among men were most common at the age of 25–34 (median rate 0.43 per 105) and in women aged 15–24 (median rate 0.39 per 105). Analysis of the 14-year frequency o...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Piotr Rzymski Dorota Zar ębska-Michaluk Agnieszka Genowska Piotr Tyszko Birute Strukcinskiene Robert Flisiak Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 470: Development and Validation of Three Triplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Typing African Horse Sickness Virus: Utility for Disease Control and Other Laboratory Applications
Agüero
The African horse sickness virus (AHSV) belongs to the Genus Orbivirus, family Sedoreoviridae, and nine serotypes of the virus have been described to date. The AHSV genome is composed of ten linear segments of double-stranded (ds) RNA, numbered in decreasing size order (Seg-1 to Seg-10). Genome segment 2 (Seg-2) encodes outer-capsid protein VP2, the most variable AHSV protein and the primary target for neutralizing antibodies. Consequently, Seg-2 determines the identity of the virus serotype. An African horse sickness (AHS) outbreak in an AHS-free status country requires identifying the serotype as soon as poss...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Rub én Villalba Cristina Tena-Tom ás Mar ía José Ruano Marta Valero-Lorenzo Ana L ópez-Herranz Cristina Cano-G ómez Montserrat Ag üero Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 467: Assessing the Clinical Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant on Intensive Care Unit Admissions: Insights from a Reference Hospital in Northeastern Brazil
a Ferreira Costa
Zaquer Suzana Costa-Ferro
Clarissa Araújo Gurgel Rocha
Silvia Inês Sardi
Gúbio Soares
Ana Verena Almeida Mendes
Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
The global challenge posed by the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic underscores the critical need for ongoing genomic surveillance to identify emerging variants and formulate effective public health strategies. This retrospective observational study, conducted in a reference hospital in Northeast Brazil and comprising 2116 cases, employed PCR genotyping together with epidemiological data to elucidate the impact of the Gamma variant during its emergence, ...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka Adlas Michel de Jesus Ribeiro Gisele Vieira Rocha Helena Souza da Hora Ant ônio Augusto Fonseca Junior Fernanda de Mac êdo Lima Iasmin Nogueira Bastos Samara Alves Sa Teles Thamires Gomes Lopes Weber Vanessa Ferreira Costa Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 471: Investigation of the Correlation between Enterovirus Infection and the Climate Factor Complex Including the Ping-Year Factor and El Ni & ntilde;o-Southern Oscillation in Taiwan
This study aimed to determine the relationship between these two CFCs and the incidence of enterovirus infection. Children aged 15 years and younger with enterovirus infection and/or EVSC were enrolled between 2007 and 2022. Each year was categorized into a ping-year or non-ping-year according to the PYF. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between the PYF, ENSO, and the incidence of enterovirus infection. Compared to the ping-year group, the incidence rate of enterovirus infection, the incidence rate of EVSC, and the ratio of EVSC in the non-ping-year group were 1.24, 3.38, and 2.73 times higher, resp...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Hsueh-Wen Yu Chia-Hsuan Kuan Liang-Wei Tseng Hsing-Yu Chen Meg-Yen Tsai Yu-Sheng Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 466: Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus
This study highlights that the sensitivity of ELISA and VNT may differ between animal species and further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiological role of water buffalo. (Source: Viruses)
Source: Viruses - March 19, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Elisabetta Di Felice Chiara Pinoni Emanuela Rossi Giorgia Amatori Elisa Mancuso Federica Iapaolo Angela Taraschi Giovanni Di Teodoro Guido Di Donato Gaetano Federico Ronchi Maria Teresa Mercante Mauro Di Ventura Daniela Morelli Federica Monaco Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 464: Brincidofovir Effectively Inhibits Proliferation of Pseudorabies Virus by Disrupting Viral Replication
Xiangru Wang
Pseudorabies is an acute and febrile infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the family Herpesviridae. Currently, PRV is predominantly endemoepidemic and has caused significant economic losses among domestic pigs. Other animals have been proven to be susceptible to PRV, with a mortality rate of 100%. In addition, 30 human cases of PRV infection have been reported in China since 2017, and all patients have shown severe neurological symptoms and eventually died or developed various neurological sequelae. In these cases, broad-spectrum anti-herpesvirus drugs and integrated treatm...
Source: Viruses - March 18, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Huihui Guo Qingyun Liu Dan Yang Hao Zhang Yan Kuang Yafei Li Huanchun Chen Xiangru Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 465: Detection of Acipenser European Iridovirus (AcIV-E) in Sturgeon Farms in Northern Italy between 2021 & ndash;2023
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 465: Detection of Acipenser European Iridovirus (AcIV-E) in Sturgeon Farms in Northern Italy between 2021–2023
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16030465
Authors:
Fabio Bondavalli
Dáša Schleicherová
Paolo Pastorino
Davide Mugetti
Claudio Pedron
Marino Prearo
Sturgeon farming is rapidly expanding in Europe, where Italy ranks first in farmed caviar production. A major threat to sturgeon health in captivity is infection with Acipenser European Iridovirus (AcIV-E), a viral disease definitively identified in 2016. Here we present data on the occurrence of AcIV-E in 482 sturgeons (age &...
Source: Viruses - March 18, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Fabio Bondavalli D áša Schleicherová Paolo Pastorino Davide Mugetti Claudio Pedron Marino Prearo Tags: Communication Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 463: Acalculous Cholecystitis as a Complication of Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: A Case-Based Scoping Review of the Literature
olina Akinosoglou
Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection manifests with diverse clinical symptoms, occasionally resulting in severe complications. This scoping review investigates the rare occurrence of acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) in the context of primary EBV infection, with a focus on understanding its prevalence, clinical features, and underlying mechanisms. The study also explores EBV infection association with Gilbert syndrome, a condition that potentially exacerbates the clinical picture. Additionally, a case report of an 18-year-old female presenting with AAC and ascites secondary to EBV infection e...
Source: Viruses - March 18, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Aristotelis Tsiakalos Georgios Schinas Aggelos Karatzaferis Emmanouil Angelos Rigopoulos Christos Pappas Eleni Polyzou Effrosyni Dimopoulou George Dimopoulos Karolina Akinosoglou Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 462: Serologic, Virologic and Pathologic Features of Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Infectious Peritonitis Enrolled in Antiviral Clinical Trials
tle L. Reagan
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a multisystemic, generally lethal immuno-inflammatory disease of domestic cats caused by an infection with a genetic variant of feline coronavirus, referred to as the FIP virus (FIPV). We leveraged data from four different antiviral clinical trials performed at the University of California, Davis. Collectively, a total of 60 client-owned domestic cats, each with a confirmed diagnosis of naturally occurring FIP, were treated with a variety of antiviral compounds. The tested therapies included the antiviral compounds GS-441524, remdesivir, molnupiravir and allogeneic f...
Source: Viruses - March 17, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Brain G. Murphy Diego Castillo N E Neely Amir Kol Terza Brostoff Chris K. Grant Krystle L. Reagan Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 458: Insights from Avian Influenza: A Review of Its Multifaceted Nature and Future Pandemic Preparedness
Kam
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have posed a significant pandemic threat since their discovery. This review mainly focuses on the epidemiology, virology, pathogenesis, and treatments of avian influenza viruses. We delve into the global spread, past pandemics, clinical symptoms, severity, and immune response related to AIVs. The review also discusses various control measures, including antiviral drugs, vaccines, and potential future directions in influenza treatment and prevention. Lastly, by summarizing the insights from previous pandemic control, this review aims to direct effective strategies for managing future i...
Source: Viruses - March 17, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Jianning He Yiu-Wing Kam Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 459: Torque Teno Virus DNA Load in Blood as an Immune Status Biomarker in Adult Hematological Patients: The State of the Art and Future Prospects
d Navarro
A solid body of scientific evidence supports the assumption that Torque teno virus (TTV) DNA load in the blood compartment may behave as a biomarker of immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients; in this clinical setting, high or increasing TTV DNA levels precede the occurrence of infectious complications, whereas the opposite anticipates the development of acute rejection. The potential clinical value of the TTV DNA load in blood to infer the risk of opportunistic viral infection or immune-related (i.e., graft vs. host disease) clinical events in the hematological patient, if any, remains to be d...
Source: Viruses - March 17, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Eliseo Albert Estela Gim énez Rafael Hernani Jos é Luis Piñana Carlos Solano David Navarro Tags: Review Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 460: A Novel Tiled Amplicon Sequencing Assay Targeting the Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) Genome Reveals Widespread Distribution in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems in the Province of Ontario, Canada
Trevor C. Charles
Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) is a plant pathogen that infects important Solanaceae crop species and can dramatically reduce tomato crop yields. The ToBRFV has rapidly spread around the globe due to its ability to escape detection by antiviral host genes which confer resistance to other tobamoviruses in tomato plants. The development of robust and reproducible methods for detecting viruses in the environment aids in the tracking and reduction of pathogen transmission. We detected ToBRFV in municipal wastewater influent (WWI) samples, likely due to its presence in human waste, demonstrating ...
Source: Viruses - March 17, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Delaney Nash Isaac Ellmen Jennifer J. Knapp Ria Menon Alyssa K. Overton Jiujun Cheng Michael D. J. Lynch Jozef I. Nissimov Trevor C. Charles Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 461: Hereditary Connective Tissue Diseases and Risk of Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2
Jain
We completed a retrospective review of data collected by the JH-CROWN consortium based on ICD10 codes for a hospitalized cohort. The severity and prevalence of COVID-19 and development of PASC within heritable connective tissue diseases were unknown; however, clinical observation suggested a thorough examination was necessary. We compared rates of disease severity, death, and PASC in connective tissue diseases versus the entire cohort as well as in diabetes and hypertension to determine if connective tissue disease was a risk factor. Of the 15,676 patients in the database, 63 [0.40%] had a connective tissue disea...
Source: Viruses - March 17, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maggie L. Bartlett Daniel Sova Mahim Jain Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
