Patchouli Alcohol Isolated from Pogostemon Cablin Mediates Endothelium-Independent Vasorelaxation by Blockade of Ca2+ Channels in Rat Isolated Thoracic Aorta
Conclusion PA may act as a Ca2+ antagonist to exert an intensively vasorelaxant effects through endothelium-independent pathway, and its mechanisms underlying the vasoactivities seem to be associated with the blockade of extracellular Ca2+ influx through VDCCs and ROCCs in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) membrane and intracellular Ca2+ releases through IP3R- and RYR-mediated Ca2+ channels in sarcolemma. Graphical abstract (Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - September 29, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sentinel Modular Program for Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Analyses: Application to Glyburide, Glipizide, and Serious Hypoglycemia
Sentinel is a program sponsored by the US Food and Drug Administration to monitor the safety of medical products. We conducted a cohort assessment to evaluate the ability of the Sentinel Propensity Score Matching Tool to reproduce in an expedited fashion the known association between glyburide (vs. glipizide) and serious hypoglycemia. Thirteen data partners who contribute to the Sentinel Distributed Database participated in this analysis. A pretested and customizable analytic program was run at each individual site. De-identified summary results from each data partner were returned and aggregated at the Sentinel Operations...
Source: Epidemiology - September 28, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Methods Source Type: research
Pharmacological Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the setting of poor glycemic control. The initial management for GDM includes intensive lifestyle modification, which often requires behavioral and nutritional changes to optimize glycemic control. Pharmacotherapy for GDM is initiated when glycemic targets are not met. The rapid-acting bolus analogues aspart and lispro achieve postprandial targets with less hypoglycemia compared to regular insulin, with similar fetal outcomes. The long-acting insulin analogues glargine and detemir appear safe with similar mater...
Source: Drugs - September 2, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Comparative efficacy and safety of oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin in treating gestational diabetes mellitus: An updated PRISMA-compliant network meta-analysis
Conclusion: Our study concluded that metformin is fastest in glucose control, with a more favorable pregnancy outcomes—would be a better option, but its rate of glucose control is the lowest.However, glyburide is the optimumtreatment regarding the rate of glucose control, but withmore adverse outcomes. This NAMbased on 32 RCTs will strongly help to guide further development of management for GDM patients, clinicians should carefully balance the risk–benefit profile of different treatments according to various situations. (Source: Medicine)
Source: Medicine - September 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Source Type: research
Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1{beta}
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) triggers inflammation in the bladder through the NLRP3 inflammasome. BOO also activates fibrosis, which is largely responsible for the decompensation of the bladder in the chronic state. Because fibrosis can be driven by inflammation, we have explored a role for NLRP3 (and IL-1β produced by NLRP3) in the activation and progression of BOO-induced fibrosis. Female rats were divided into five groups: 1) control, 2) sham, 3) BOO + vehicle, 4) BOO + the NLRP3 inhibitor glyburide, or 5) BOO + the IL-1β receptor antagonist anakinra. Fibrosis was assessed by Masson’s trichrome stain...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - September 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hughes, F. M., Sexton, S. J., Jin, H., Govada, V., Purves, J. T. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Older Adults ’ Awareness of Deprescribing: A Population‐Based Survey
ConclusionHealthcare providers can facilitate patient‐initiated deprescribing conversations by providing information on medication harms and using the term “deprescribing.” (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)
Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society - September 1, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Justin P. Turner, Cara Tannenbaum Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
NLRP3/IL ‐1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats
ConclusionsThe NLRP3/IL‐1β‐mediated inflammation pathway plays a significant role in denervation during BOO. (Source: Neurourology and Urodynamics)
Source: Neurourology and Urodynamics - September 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Robin L ütolf, Francis M. Hughes, Brian M. Inouye, Huixia Jin, Jennifer C. McMains, Elena S. Pak, Johanna L. Hannan, J. Todd Purves Tags: ORIGINAL BASIC SCIENCE ARTICLE Source Type: research
Early transition from insulin to sulfonylureas in neonatal diabetes and follow ‐up: Experience from China
ConclusionsMolecular genetic diagnosis is recommended in all patients with NDM. However, if genetic testing results are delayed, sulfonylurea therapy should be considered before such results are received, even in infants with newly diagnosed NDM. (Source: Pediatric Diabetes)
Source: Pediatric Diabetes - August 9, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Xiuzhen Li, Aijing Xu, Huiying Sheng, Tzer Hwu Ting, Xiaojian Mao, Xinjiang Huang, Minyan Jiang, Jing Cheng, Li Liu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Response to Comment on Nachum et al. Glyburide Versus Metformin and Their Combination for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study. Diabetes Care 2017;40:332-337
(Source: Diabetes Care)
Source: Diabetes Care - July 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nachum, Z.; Yefet, E. Tags: Clinical Therapeutics/New Technology-Oral Agents e-Letters: Comments and Responses Source Type: research
Comment on Nachum et al. Glyburide Versus Metformin and Their Combination for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study. Diabetes Care 2017;40:332-337
(Source: Diabetes Care)
Source: Diabetes Care - July 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Barbour, L. A.; Davies, J. K. Tags: e-Letters: Comments and Responses Source Type: research
Lost in Translation: No Effect of a High ‐Profile Publication on the Concomitant Use of Interacting Drugs
We examined prepublication and postpublication dispensing trends using Poisson regression. ACEI + potassium‐sparing diuretic use did not differ postpublication vs. prepublication (P = 0.11). Digoxin + clarithromycin use decreased minimally postpublication vs. prepublication (relative rate = 0.9996: 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9993–0.9998). Glyburide + cotrimoxazole use increased minimally postpublication vs. prepublication (relative rate = 1.0220; 95% CI = 1.0187–1.0254). Therefore, the high‐profile DDI publication had minimal to no measurable effect in reducing the concomitant use of the interacting drugs stu...
Source: Clinical and Translational Science - July 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Emily K Acton, Charles E Leonard, Warren B Bilker, Shobha Phansalkar, Sean Hennessy Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia.
CONCLUSIONS: We found no good evidence that any specific treatment or treatment strategy for Type 2 diabetes can prevent or delay cognitive impairment. The best available evidence related to the comparison of intensive with standard glycaemic control strategies. Here there was moderate-quality evidence that the strategies do not differ in their effect on global cognitive functioning over 40 to 60 months.
PMID: 28617932 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 15, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Areosa Sastre A, Vernooij RW, González-Colaço Harmand M, Martínez G Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1 β.
Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1β.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2017 Jun 07;:ajprenal.00128.2017
Authors: Hughes FM, Sexton SJ, Jin H, Govada V, Purves JT
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) triggers inflammation in the bladder through the NLRP3 inflammasome. BOO also activates fibrosis, which is largely responsible for the decompensation of the bladder in the chronic state. Because fibrosis can be driven by inflammation, we have explored a role for NLRP3 (and IL-1β produced by NLRP3) in the ac...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - June 7, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Hughes FM, Sexton SJ, Jin H, Govada V, Purves JT Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research
Glyburide treatment in gestational diabetes is associated with increased placental glucose transporter 1 expression and higher birth weight
Use of glyburide in gestational diabetes (GDM) has raised concerns about fetal and neonatal side effects, including increased birth weight. Placental nutrient transport is a key determinant of fetal growth, however the effect of glyburide on placental nutrient transporters is largely unknown. We hypothesized that glyburide treatment in GDM pregnancies is associated with increased expression of nutrient transporters in the syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes.We collected placentas from GDM pregnancies who delivered at term and were treated with either diet modification (n = 15) or glyburide (n = 8). (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - May 31, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Paula D íaz, Kris Genelyn Dimasuay, Lindsey Koele-Schmidt, Brian Jang, Linda A. Barbour, Thomas Jansson, Theresa L. Powell Source Type: research
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 6% of pregnant women, and prevalence is increasing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. Protocols for screening/diagnosing GDM are controversial with several guidelines available. Treatment of GDM results in a reduction in the incidence of preeclampsia, shoulder dystocia, and macrosomia. If diet and lifestyle changes do not result in target glucose levels, then treatment with metformin, glyburide, or insulin should begin. It is generally recommended that pregnancies complicated by GDM do not go beyond term. For women identified to have prediabetes, intensive lifes...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 11, 2017 Category: OBGYN Authors: Lynn R. Mack, Paul G. Tomich Source Type: research
