Vaccines for the Prevention of Melioidosis and Glanders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBurkholderia pseudomallei’s andBurkholderia mallei’s high rate of infectivity, limited treatment options, and potential use as biological warfare agents underscore the need for development of effective vaccines against these bacteria. Research efforts focused on vaccines against these bacteria are in preclinical stages, with no approved formulati ons currently on the market.Recent FindingsSeveral live attenuated and subunit vaccine formulations have been evaluated in animal studies, with no reports of significant long-term survival after lethal challenge.SummaryThis review encompasses the most ...
Source: Current Tropical Medicine Reports - July 14, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research
Identification of a new diagnostic antigen for glanders using immunoproteome analysis
Publication date: Available online 6 July 2017 Source:Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Author(s): Sudhir K Dohre, Aayushi Kamthan, Sandeep Singh, Syed Imteyaz Alam, Subodh Kumar Glanders is a disease of horses, donkeys and mules. The causative agent Burkholderia mallei, is a biorisk group 3 pathogen and is also a biothreat agent. Simple and rapid diagnostic tool is essential for control of glanders. Using a proteomic approach and immunoblotting with equine sera, we identified 12 protein antigens that may have diagnostic potential. Various immunoreactive proteins e.g. GroEL, translation el...
Source: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 6, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Development of a real ‐time loop‐mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of Burkholderia mallei
Summary
Burkholderia mallei is the aetiological agent of glanders, a highly contagious and re‐emerging zoonotic disease. Early diagnosis of glanders is critically important to ensure timely treatment with appropriate antibiotics in humans, and to prevent spread of infection in animals. Molecular detection of B. mallei has always been troublesome because of its genetic similarity with Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis. In present investigation, a set of six B. mallei‐specific primers were designed and a simple, rapid, specific and sensitive real‐time loop‐mediated isothermal amplificati...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - June 25, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: V. Pal, A. Saxena, S. Singh, A. K. Goel, J. S. Kumar, M. M. Parida, G. P. Rai Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of Burkholderia pseudomallei, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia thailandensis, and Burkholderia cepacia complex.
In this study, a multiplex PCR assay based on the detection of an individual set of chromosomal beta-lactamase genes for single-step identification and differentiation of B. pseudomallei, B. mallei, B. thailandensis, and Bcc was developed. Two pairs of primers specific to a distinct class of B metallo-beta-lactamase genes and a pair of primers specific to the oxacillin-hydrolyzing class D beta-lactamase gene were demonstrated to successfully discriminate species within Bpc and from Bcc. The assay sensitivity was 9561 genomic equivalents (GE) for B. pseudomallei, 7827 GE for B. mallei, 8749 GE for B. thailandensis and 6023 ...
Source: Acta Tropica - June 17, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Zakharova I, Teteryatnikova N, Toporkov A, Viktorov D Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research
Progress report - One Health
THIS journal has a proud history of driving the important concept of One Health – the understanding that the health of our species is inextricably interwoven with that of animals and the environment. In November 2005, Veterinary Record and The BMJ published a joint issue with numerous articles on the theme of animal and human health (November 26, 2005, vol 157, pp 669-716). Three years ago, we followed up with a series of articles exploring the meaning of One Health and how a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach could help solve emerging global problems. And we have chronicled the history of this movement. Wh...
Source: Veterinary Record - April 27, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Waters, A. Tags: Comment Source Type: research
Innate immune response to Burkholderia mallei
Purpose of review: Burkholderia mallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes the highly contagious and often the fatal disease, glanders. With its high rate of infectivity via aerosol and recalcitrance toward antibiotics, this pathogen is considered a potential biological threat agent. This review focuses on the most recent literature highlighting host innate immune response to B. mallei.
Recent findings: Recent studies focused on elucidating host innate immune responses to the novel mechanisms and virulence factors employed by B. mallei for survival. Studies suggest that pathogen proteins manipulate various...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - April 26, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE: Edited by Dennis L. Stevens Source Type: research
Increased Neurotropic Threat from Burkholderia pseudomallei Strains with a B. mallei –like Variation in the bimA Motility Gene, Australia
J. L. Morris et al. (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal - April 14, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Equine infectious anemia prevalence in feral donkeys from Northeast Brazil
This study examines the prevalence of EIA in a semi-wild donkey population from Mossoró city, in Northeast Brazil, using AGID followed by cELISA, rgp90 ELISA and immunoblot (IB). Serum samples were collected from 367 donkeys without obvious EIA clinical signs. Subsequent testing revealed seropositive rates of 1.6% (6/367) in officially approved AGID tests, 3.3% (12/367) in cELISA and 14.4% (53/367) in the rgp90 ELISA. However, 88.7% (47/53) of the rgp90 ELISA positive samples were almost certainly false reactions because they failed to react with two or more antigens in IB. Consequently, the rpg90 ELISA has a similar sens...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - February 24, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
[Accurate diagnosis of Pseudomonas luteola in routine microbiology laboratory: on the occasion of two isolates].
This report was aimed to draw attention to the accurate identification of P.luteola in clinical samples, upon the isolation and identification in two cases in the medical microbiology laboratory of a university hospital. In February 2011, a 66-year-old man, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease and aplastic anemia, was admitted to our hospital due to progressive dyspnea. A chest tube was inserted on the 20th day of admission by the reason of recurrent pleural effusion. Staphylococcus aureus and a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus (NFGNB) with wrinkled, sticky yellow colonies were isolate...
Source: Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni - January 28, 2017 Category: Microbiology Tags: Mikrobiyol Bul Source Type: research
pH Alkalinization by Chloroquine Suppresses Pathogenic Burkholderia Type 6 Secretion System 1 and Multinucleated Giant Cells [Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions]
This study highlights the multiple mechanisms by which CLQ inhibits growth and virulence and suggests that CLQ be further tested and considered, in conjunction with antibiotic use, for the treatment of diseases caused by Burkholderia. (Source: Infection and Immunity)
Source: Infection and Immunity - December 28, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chua, J., Senft, J. L., Lockett, S. J., Brett, P. J., Burtnick, M. N., DeShazer, D., Friedlander, A. M. Tags: Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions Source Type: research
Development Of Immunoassays For Burkholderia Pseudomallei Typical And Atypical Lipopolysaccharide Strain Typing.
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a severe infection endemic to many tropical regions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized as an important virulence factor used by B. pseudomallei. Isolates of B. pseudomallei have been shown to express one of four different types of LPS (typical LPS, atypical LPS types B and B2, and rough LPS) and in vitro studies have demonstrated that LPS types may impact disease severity. The association between LPS types and clinical manifestations, however, is still unknown, in part because an effective method for LPS type identification is n...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - December 18, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Nualnoi T, Norris MH, Tuanyok A, Brett PJ, Burtnick MN, Keim PS, Settles EW, Allender CJ, AuCoin DP Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research
DBSecSys 2.0: a database of Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei secretion systems
Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei are the causative agents of glanders and melioidosis, respectively, diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates. B. mallei and B. pseudomal... (Source: BMC Bioinformatics)
Source: BMC Bioinformatics - September 20, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Vesna Memi šević, Kamal Kumar, Nela Zavaljevski, David DeShazer, Anders Wallqvist and Jaques Reifman Source Type: research
Determining the Biochemical Properties of the Oxalate Biosynthetic Component (Obc)1 from < i > Burkholderia mallei < /i >
by Peter M. Lambert, Paul A. Nakata
Oxalic acid is produced by a variety of organisms ranging from simple microbes to complex animals. This acid has been proposed to fulfill various physiological and pathological functions which vary between organisms. In bacteria from theBurkholderia genus, oxalate secretion has been shown to be quorum sensing dependent and to support pathogenicity and cell viability. In light of the critical roles of oxalate inBurkholderia as well as other organisms, it is surprising that our understanding of how this simple dicarboxylate is biosynthesized remains incomplete. Here we report the expressi...
Source: PLoS One - September 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Peter M. Lambert Source Type: research
Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of Burkholderia mallei.
Authors: Mirzai S, Safi S, Mossavari N, Afshar D, Bolourchian M
Abstract
The present study was conducted to establish a Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for the rapid detection of B. mallei the etiologic agent of glanders, a highly contagious disease of equines. A set of six specific primers targeting integrase gene cluster were designed for the LAMP test. The reaction was optimized using different temperatures and time intervals. The specificity of the assay was evaluated using DNA from B.pseudomallei and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The LAMP products were analyzed both visually and unde...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology - September 10, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) Source Type: research
Antibiotic Resistance in Burkholderia Species
The genus Burkholderia comprises metabolically diverse and adaptable Gram-negative bacteria, which thrive in often adversarial environments. A few members of the genus are prominent opportunistic pathogens. These include B. mallei and B. pseudomallei of the B. pseudomallei complex, which cause glanders and melioidosis, respectively. B. cenocepacia, B. multivorans, and B. vietnamiensis belong to the B. cepacia complex and affect mostly cystic fibrosis patients. Infections caused by these bacteria are difficult to treat because of significant antibiotic resistance. (Source: Drug Resistance Updates)
Source: Drug Resistance Updates - July 28, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Katherine A. Rhodes, Herbert P. Schweizer Source Type: research
