Equine Disease Surveillance: Quarterly Summary
Glanders affecting military police horses in Brazil
Equine influenza in Europe and the USA
Summary of UK surveillance testing, January to March 2015
These are among matters discussed in the most recent quarterly equine disease surveillance report, prepared by Defra, the Animal Health Trust and the British Equine Veterinary Association (Source: Veterinary Record)
Source: Veterinary Record - July 16, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Surveillance Source Type: research
Characterization of the Burkholderia mallei tonB Mutant and Its Potential as a Backbone Strain for Vaccine Development
Conclusions/Significance Although further work is needed to prevent chronic infection by TMM001 while maintaining immunogenicity, our attenuated strain demonstrates great potential as a backbone strain for future vaccine development against both glanders and melioidosis. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - June 26, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tiffany M. Mott et al. Source Type: research
Equine disease surveillance: quarterly summary
Atypical myopathy diagnoses in Europe in 2014
Glanders in a non-travelled horse in Germany
Summary of surveillance testing, October to December 2014
These are among matters discussed in the most recent quarterly equine disease surveillance report, prepared by Defra, the Animal Health Trust and the British Equine Veterinary Association (Source: Veterinary Record)
Source: Veterinary Record - June 11, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Surveillance Source Type: research
Exploiting Molecular Virulence Determinants in Burkholderia to Develop Vaccine Antigens.
Abstract
The Burkholderia genus is a highly diverse group of species that are distributed throughout a wide range of environments and habitats. Among this group, which is remarkable for its adaptability to a wider range of environmental conditions including disinfectants and organic solvents, are a subgroup that represent some of the most difficult to treat infections. This subgroup includes Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis; B. mallei, the causative agent of glanders and B. cepacia complex (Bcc) which causes opportunistic infections in people with cystic fibrosis and immunocomp...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - April 8, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Casey WT, McClean S Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research
Pathological findings and diagnostic implications of a rhesus macaque (Macacca mulatta) model of aerosol-exposure to Burkholderia mallei (glanders).
Abstract
Burkholderia mallei is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes a pneumonic disease known as glanders in equids and humans and a lymphatic infection known as farcy, primarily in equids. With the potential to infect humans by the respiratory route, aerosol exposure can result in severe, occasionally fatal, pneumonia. Today, glanders infections in humans are rare, likely due to less frequent contact with infected equids than in the past. Acutely ill humans often have nonspecific clinical signs and in order to diagnose cases, especially in scenarios of multiple cases in an unexpected setting, rapid diagn...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - April 7, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yingst SL, Facemire P, Chuvala L, Norwood D, Wolcott M, Huzella L Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: research
Recent Advances in Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei Research
This article summarizes the latest research progress in the fields of B. mallei and B. pseudomallei pathogenesis, vaccines, and diagnostics. (Source: Current Tropical Medicine Reports)
Source: Current Tropical Medicine Reports - March 24, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research
Inactivation of Burkholderia mallei in Equine Serum for Laboratory Use [Letters To The Editor]
(Source: Journal of Clinical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Microbiology - March 18, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Perrett, L., Mawhinney, I. Tags: Letters To The Editor Source Type: research
Clear distinction between Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei using fluorescent motB primers
Conclusions:
This assay enables the clear distinction between B. mallei and B. pseudomallei/B. thailandensis. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)
Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica - March 7, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Gernot SchmoockMandy ElschnerLisa Sprague Source Type: research
Mining Host-Pathogen Protein Interactions to Characterize Burkholderia mallei Infectivity Mechanisms
by Vesna Memišević, Nela Zavaljevski, Seesandra V. Rajagopala, Keehwan Kwon, Rembert Pieper, David DeShazer, Jaques Reifman, Anders Wallqvist
Burkholderia pathogenicity relies on protein virulence factors to control and promote bacterial internalization, survival, and replication within eukaryotic host cells. We recently used yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening to identify a small set of novel Burkholderia proteins that were shown to attenuate disease progression in an aerosol infection animal model using the virulent Burkholderia mallei ATCC 23344 strain. Here, we performed an extended analysis of primarily nine B. mallei...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - March 4, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Vesna Memišević et al. Source Type: research
Use of the Phytopathogenic Effect for Studies of Burkholderia Virulence
The phytopathogenic effect of the pseudomallei group Burkholderia is demonstrated on the Peireskia aculeata model. A method for evaluation of the effect is suggested. The effect correlates with the levels of Burkholderia pseudomallei, Burkholderia mallei, and Burkholderia thailandensis virulence for laboratory animals. P. aculeata can be used as a model for preliminary studies of the virulence of the above species. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 23, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research
A gold nanoparticle-linked glycoconjugate vaccine against Burkholderia mallei
In this study, we present gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalised with a glycoconjugate vaccine against glanders. AuNPs were covalently coupled with one of three different protein carriers (TetHc, Hcp1 and FliC) followed by conjugation to LPS purified from a non-virulent clonal relative, B. thailandensis. Glycoconjugated LPS generated significantly higher antibody titres compared with LPS alone. Further, they improved protection against a lethal inhalation challenge of B. mallei in the murine model of infection. From the Clinical Editor Burkholderia mallei is associated with multi-drug resistance, high mortality and po...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - February 13, 2015 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
The Efficacy of Post-Exposure Therapy Against Glanders in Mice.
In this study, we show that a combination of vaccination using killed cellular vaccine and therapy using moxifloxacin, azithromycin, or sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim can protect BALB/c mice from lethal infection even when given 5 days after infectious challenge. Vaccination only, or antibiotic therapy only, was not efficacious. Although antibiotics evaluated experimentally can protect when given before or 1 day after challenge, this time course is not realistic in the cases of natural infection or biological attack, when the patient seeks treatment after symptoms develop or after a biological attack has been confirmed and ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - February 2, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Waag DM Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research
Protection of non-human primates against glanders with a gold nanoparticle glycoconjugate vaccine.
Abstract
The Gram-negative Burkholderia mallei is a zoonotic pathogen and the causative agent of glanders disease. Because the bacteria maintain the potential to be used as a biothreat agent, vaccine strategies are required for human glanders prophylaxis. A rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) model of pneumonic (inhalational) glanders was established and the protective properties of a nanoparticle glycoconjugate vaccine composed of Burkholderia thailandensis LPS conjugated to FliC was evaluated. An aerosol challenge dose of ∼1×10(4)CFU B. mallei produced mortality in 50% of naïve animals (n=2/4), 2-3 days ...
Source: Vaccine - December 19, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Torres AG, Gregory AE, Hatcher CL, Vinet-Oliphant H, Morici LA, Titball RW, Roy CJ Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Russian vaccines against especially dangerous bacterial pathogens
ir L Motin (Source: Emerging Microbes and Infections)
Source: Emerging Microbes and Infections - December 17, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Valentina A FeodorovaLidiya V SayapinaMichael J CorbelVladimir L Motin Tags: anthrax brucellosis cholera pathogens glanders plague tularemia vaccine Source Type: research
Oropharyngeal Aspiration of Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei in BALB/c Mice
by Kevin L. Schully, Matthew G. Bell, Jerrold M. Ward, Andrea M. Keane-Myers
Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei are potentially lethal pathogens categorized as biothreat agents due, in part, to their ability to be disseminated via aerosol. There are no protective vaccines against these pathogens and treatment options are limited and cumbersome. Since disease severity is greatest when these agents are inhaled, efforts to develop pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis focus largely on inhalation models of infection. Here, we demonstrate a non-invasive and technically simple method for affecting the inhalational ch...
Source: PLoS One - December 11, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kevin L. Schully et al. Source Type: research
