Collage of cases and brief review of the laboratory diagnosis and molecular testing in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Feb;13(2):409-416. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2131_22. Epub 2024 Mar 6.ABSTRACTAutoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is an acquired heterogenous clinical entity with variable presentations like acute haemolysis or mild, chronic haemolysis compounded with acute exacerbation in winters or fatal uncompensated haemolysis. A step-wise approach to the diagnosis and characterisation of AIHA should be undertaken, firstly the diagnosis of haemolysis followed by the establishment of immune nature with the aid of direct agglutination tests (DAT). Simultaneously the other causes of immune haemolysis need to b...
Source: Primary Care - April 12, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Harkiran Arora Shalini Trivedi Pooja Jain Udita Singhal Arunpreet Kaur Aditi Raina Source Type: research
Thyroidectomy for Euthyroid Patients with Hashimoto Disease and Persistent Symptoms: An Observational, Postrandomization Study
CONCLUSIONS: Thyroidectomy had a beneficial symptom-reducing effect in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto disease and persistent symptoms. The pathophysiology of residual symptoms remains unclear, and surgical complication rates are high. If thyroidectomy is considered as a treatment option, it should be performed in dedicated centers with experienced endocrine surgeons and as part of further studies on persistent symptoms. This trial is registered with NCT-02319538.PMID:38606313 | PMC:PMC11008973 | DOI:10.1155/2024/5518720 (Source: Journal of Thyroid Research)
Source: Journal of Thyroid Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Geir Hoff Tomm Bernklev Lene Johnsen Laurens Reitsma Dirk Sina Andromeda Lauzike Charlotte Gibbs Tone Hoel Lende Jon Kristian Narvestad Rasmus Kildahl Roald Omdal Jan Terje Kval øy H åvard Søiland Source Type: research
Autoimmune comorbidities associated with sarcoidosis: a case-control study in the All of Us research program
CONCLUSION: We demonstrate an association between sarcoidosis and multiple autoimmune diseases in a large and diverse cohort based in the USA. These results underscore the need for careful screening of sarcoidosis patients for concomitant autoimmune disease.PMID:38606002 | PMC:PMC11007907 | DOI:10.1093/rap/rkad030 (Source: Adv Data)
Source: Adv Data - April 12, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Michael J Murphy Princess Edemobi Audrey C Leasure Mridu Gulati Edward J Miller William Damsky Jeffrey M Cohen Source Type: research
CRISPR-Cas9 applications in T cells and adoptive T cell therapies
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2024 Apr 12;29(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s11658-024-00561-1.ABSTRACTT cell immunity is central to contemporary cancer and autoimmune therapies, encompassing immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapies. Their diverse characteristics can be reprogrammed by different immune challenges dependent on antigen stimulation levels, metabolic conditions, and the degree of inflammation. T cell-based therapeutic strategies are gaining widespread adoption in oncology and treating inflammatory conditions. Emerging researches reveal that clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (C...
Source: Mol Biol Cell - April 12, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiaoying Chen Shuhan Zhong Yonghao Zhan Xuepei Zhang Source Type: research
CRISPR-Cas9 applications in T cells and adoptive T cell therapies
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2024 Apr 12;29(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s11658-024-00561-1.ABSTRACTT cell immunity is central to contemporary cancer and autoimmune therapies, encompassing immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapies. Their diverse characteristics can be reprogrammed by different immune challenges dependent on antigen stimulation levels, metabolic conditions, and the degree of inflammation. T cell-based therapeutic strategies are gaining widespread adoption in oncology and treating inflammatory conditions. Emerging researches reveal that clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (C...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters - April 12, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xiaoying Chen Shuhan Zhong Yonghao Zhan Xuepei Zhang Source Type: research
Potential therapeutic options for celiac Disease: An update on Current evidence from Gluten-Free diet to cell therapy
Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Apr 11;133:112020. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCeliac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy and multifactorial disease caused by inappropriate immune responses to gluten in the small intestine. Weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and hepatitis are among the extraintestinal manifestations of active CD. Currently, a strict lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only safe, effective, and available treatment. Despite the social burden, high expenses, and challenges of following a GFD, 2 to 5 percent of patients do not demonstrate clinical or pa...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - April 12, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Effat Noori Nader Hashemi Delsuz Rezaee Reza Maleki Forough Shams Bahram Kazemi Mojgan Bandepour Fardin Rahimi Source Type: research
Disruption of IFN γ, GZMB, PRF1, or LYST Results in Reduced Suppressive Function in Human CD8+ T Cells
In this study, we further investigated the importance of IFNγ-, GZMB-, PRF1-, and LYST-associated pathways in CD8+ T cell-mediated suppression. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein transfection system, we first optimized efficient gene knockout while maintaining high viability in primary bulk human CD8+ T cells. Knockout was confirmed through quantitative real-time PCR assays in all cases, combined with flow cytometry where appropriate, as well as confirmation of insertions and/or deletions at genomic target sites. We observed that the knockout of IFNγ, GZMB, PRF1, or LYST, but not the knockout of IL4 or IL5, resulted...
Source: Journal of Immunology - April 12, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chakrapani Vemulawada Pranav S Renavikar Michael P Crawford Scott Steward-Tharp Nitin J Karandikar Source Type: research
Collage of cases and brief review of the laboratory diagnosis and molecular testing in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Feb;13(2):409-416. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2131_22. Epub 2024 Mar 6.ABSTRACTAutoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is an acquired heterogenous clinical entity with variable presentations like acute haemolysis or mild, chronic haemolysis compounded with acute exacerbation in winters or fatal uncompensated haemolysis. A step-wise approach to the diagnosis and characterisation of AIHA should be undertaken, firstly the diagnosis of haemolysis followed by the establishment of immune nature with the aid of direct agglutination tests (DAT). Simultaneously the other causes of immune haemolysis need to b...
Source: Primary Care - April 12, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Harkiran Arora Shalini Trivedi Pooja Jain Udita Singhal Arunpreet Kaur Aditi Raina Source Type: research
Thyroidectomy for Euthyroid Patients with Hashimoto Disease and Persistent Symptoms: An Observational, Postrandomization Study
CONCLUSIONS: Thyroidectomy had a beneficial symptom-reducing effect in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto disease and persistent symptoms. The pathophysiology of residual symptoms remains unclear, and surgical complication rates are high. If thyroidectomy is considered as a treatment option, it should be performed in dedicated centers with experienced endocrine surgeons and as part of further studies on persistent symptoms. This trial is registered with NCT-02319538.PMID:38606313 | PMC:PMC11008973 | DOI:10.1155/2024/5518720 (Source: Journal of Thyroid Research)
Source: Journal of Thyroid Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Geir Hoff Tomm Bernklev Lene Johnsen Laurens Reitsma Dirk Sina Andromeda Lauzike Charlotte Gibbs Tone Hoel Lende Jon Kristian Narvestad Rasmus Kildahl Roald Omdal Jan Terje Kval øy H åvard Søiland Source Type: research
The menace within: bacterial amyloids as a trigger for autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2024 Apr 10;79:102473. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102473. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBacteria are known to produce amyloids, proteins characterized by a conserved cross-beta sheet structure, which exhibit structural and functional similarities to human amyloids. The deposition of human amyloids into fibrillar plaques within organs is closely linked to several debilitating human diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Recently, bacterial amyloids have garnered significant attention as potential initiators of human amyloid-associated diseases as well as autoimmune diseases. This review a...
Source: Current Opinion in Microbiology - April 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Molly Elkins Neha Jain Çagla Tükel Source Type: research
Parasympathetic neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells model human diseases and development
Cell Stem Cell. 2024 Apr 4:S1934-5909(24)00092-4. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.011. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAutonomic parasympathetic neurons (parasymNs) control unconscious body responses, including "rest-and-digest." ParasymN innervation is important for organ development, and parasymN dysfunction is a hallmark of autonomic neuropathy. However, parasymN function and dysfunction in humans are vastly understudied due to the lack of a model system. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neurons can fill this void as a versatile platform. Here, we developed a differentiation paradigm detailing the derivation of func...
Source: Cell Stem Cell - April 12, 2024 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Hsueh-Fu Wu Kenyi Saito-Diaz Chia-Wei Huang Jessica L McAlpine Dong Eun Seo D Sumner Magruder Mohamed Ishan Harrison C Bergeron William H Delaney Fabio R Santori Smita Krishnaswamy Gerald W Hart Ya-Wen Chen Robert J Hogan Hong-Xiang Liu Natalia B Ivanova Source Type: research
Disruption of IFN γ, GZMB, PRF1, or LYST Results in Reduced Suppressive Function in Human CD8+ T Cells
In this study, we further investigated the importance of IFNγ-, GZMB-, PRF1-, and LYST-associated pathways in CD8+ T cell-mediated suppression. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein transfection system, we first optimized efficient gene knockout while maintaining high viability in primary bulk human CD8+ T cells. Knockout was confirmed through quantitative real-time PCR assays in all cases, combined with flow cytometry where appropriate, as well as confirmation of insertions and/or deletions at genomic target sites. We observed that the knockout of IFNγ, GZMB, PRF1, or LYST, but not the knockout of IL4 or IL5, resulted...
Source: Journal of Immunology - April 12, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chakrapani Vemulawada Pranav S Renavikar Michael P Crawford Scott Steward-Tharp Nitin J Karandikar Source Type: research
A Rare Case of Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis Initially Diagnosed in Middle-age
CONCLUSION: The comprehensive diagnosis of a middle-aged male patient with BRIC-2, which involved extensive radiological, hematological, and genetic investigations, informed a tailored tapering prednisone regimen, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine in managing atypical presentations of this rare cholestatic disorder.PMID:38607191 (Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine)
Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Fang Liu Wei Li Ming-Gang Zhang Zhen-Mei Song Xiao-di Wang Xiu-Hong Wang Shi-Yu Du Source Type: research
A case of multiple autoimmune syndrome comprising autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo, morphea, and lichen sclerosus
We report a unique case of a 55-year-old female patient that presented with four autoimmune diseases: autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo, morphea, and lichen sclerosus. She was evaluated for progression of morphea and lichen sclerosus, and we confirmed histopathological overlapping of these two diseases in the same lesion. We discuss the increasing prevalence of autoimmune diseases and similar case reports on dermatological polyautoimmunity.PMID:38606648 (Source: Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Panonica, et Adriatica)
Source: Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Panonica, et Adriatica - April 12, 2024 Category: Dermatology Authors: Hana Ga šper Vesna Breznik Source Type: research
Thyroidectomy for Euthyroid Patients with Hashimoto Disease and Persistent Symptoms: An Observational, Postrandomization Study
CONCLUSIONS: Thyroidectomy had a beneficial symptom-reducing effect in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto disease and persistent symptoms. The pathophysiology of residual symptoms remains unclear, and surgical complication rates are high. If thyroidectomy is considered as a treatment option, it should be performed in dedicated centers with experienced endocrine surgeons and as part of further studies on persistent symptoms. This trial is registered with NCT-02319538.PMID:38606313 | PMC:PMC11008973 | DOI:10.1155/2024/5518720 (Source: Journal of Thyroid Research)
Source: Journal of Thyroid Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Geir Hoff Tomm Bernklev Lene Johnsen Laurens Reitsma Dirk Sina Andromeda Lauzike Charlotte Gibbs Tone Hoel Lende Jon Kristian Narvestad Rasmus Kildahl Roald Omdal Jan Terje Kval øy H åvard Søiland Source Type: research
