The Role of Aminopeptidase ERAP1 in Human Pathology-A Review
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Feb 20;46(3):1651-1667. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030107.ABSTRACTAminopeptidases are a group of enzymatic proteins crucial for protein digestion, catalyzing the cleavage of amino acids at the N-terminus of peptides. Among them are ERAP1 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1), ERAP2 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2), and LNPEP (coding for leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase). These genes encoding these enzymes are contiguous and located on the same chromosome (5q21); they share structural homology and functions and are associated with immune-mediated diseases. These aminopep...
Source: Cancer Control - March 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Laura Țiburcă Dana Carmen Zaha Maria Claudia Jurca Emilia Severin Aurora Jurca Alexandru Daniel Jurca Source Type: research

The persistent inflammation in COPD: is autoimmunity the core mechanism?
Eur Respir Rev. 2024 Mar 27;33(171):230137. doi: 10.1183/16000617.0137-2023. Print 2024 Jan 31.ABSTRACTCOPD poses a significant global public health challenge, primarily characterised by irreversible airflow restriction and persistent respiratory symptoms. The hallmark pathology of COPD includes sustained airway inflammation and the eventual destruction of lung tissue structure. While multiple risk factors are implicated in the disease's progression, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The perpetuation of inflammation is pivotal to the advancement of COPD, emphasising the importance of investigating these sel...
Source: Respiratory Care - March 27, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ling-Ling Dong Zheng-Yuan Liu Kai-Jun Chen Zhou-Yang Li Jie-Sen Zhou Hua-Hao Shen Zhi-Hua Chen Source Type: research

Acute myocarditis: an overview of pathogenesis, diagnosis and management
Panminerva Med. 2024 Mar 27. doi: 10.23736/S0031-0808.24.05042-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAcute myocarditis encompasses a diverse presentation of inflammatory cardiomyopathies with infectious and non-infectious triggers. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous, from subtle symptoms like mild chest pain to life-threatening fulminant heart failure requiring urgent advanced hemodynamic support. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis, diagnostic approach, management strategies, and directions for future research in acute myocarditis. The pathogenesis ...
Source: Panminerva Medica - March 27, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Marina Zafeiri Kristopher Knott Temi Lampejo Source Type: research

Genetic and Environmental Factors in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: Exploring Associations with Selenium Levels and Novel Loci in a Latvian Cohort
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 17;46(3):2553-2565. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030162.ABSTRACTThe interplay of genetic, immune and environmental factors strongly contributes to the development of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), which can be classified as Graves' disease (GD) or Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). One of the most studied exogenous factors in the pathogenesis of AITD is selenium, which, in the form of selenoproteins, strengthens the antioxidative defence system of thyroid cells against superoxide production. Furthermore, it modulates inflammatory cytokine release and autoantibody production. The aim of this study was to a...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sabine Upmale-Engela Ieva Vaivode Raitis Peculis Helena Litvina Tatjana Zake Andrejs Skesters Deniss Gogins Vita Rovite Ilze Konrade Source Type: research

Bilateral Retinal Venous Occlusion in Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome Due to Complement Factor H Mutation
CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of aHUS is challenging especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Although ocular involvement is quite rare, we described bilateral RVO in aHUS case with homozygous nonsense mutation (c.2134 G > T p.G712). Dexamethasone implant should be considered for the treatment of RVO in aHUS cases.PMID:38536978 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2024.2333401 (Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation)
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - March 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Saban Gonul Serhat Eker Source Type: research

Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2024 Mar 27. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases.AREA COVERED: We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection.EXPERT OPINION: Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen dise...
Source: Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy - March 27, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Akihiro Ohmoto Shigeo Fuji Source Type: research

Endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immune cells contributes to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis in rats
We examined the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the ensuing unfolded protein response (UPR) in the development of the central nervous system (CNS)-directed immune response in the rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The induction of EAE with syngeneic spinal cord homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) caused a time-dependent increase in the expression of ER stress/UPR markers glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) in the draining lymph nodes of both EAE-...
Source: Immunology Letters - March 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sasenka Vidicevic Jelena Tasic Zeljka Stanojevic Darko Ciric Tamara Martinovic Verica Paunovic Sasa Petricevic Nina Tomonjic Aleksandra Isakovic Vladimir Trajkovic Source Type: research

Protective effect of astaxanthin on ANCA-associated vasculitis
CONCLUSION: ATX could ameliorate the organ damages in EAV rats. It could serve as a hopeful therapy for AAV by its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative feature as a unique nature carotenoid.PMID:38537540 | DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111928 (Source: International Immunopharmacology)
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ruo-Lan Sun Jin-Chun Shang Run-Hong Han Guang-Qun Xing Source Type: research

Vitamin E intake and prevalence rates of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune thyroiditis: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that a higher intake of vitamin E is associated with lower prevalence rates of SCH and autoimmune thyroiditis among males.PMID:38534308 | DOI:10.1089/thy.2023.0561 (Source: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association)
Source: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association - March 27, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Siying Liu Cihang Lu Liang He Zhongyan Shan Weiping Teng Yongze Li Liu Tingting Source Type: research

Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2024 Mar 27. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases.AREA COVERED: We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection.EXPERT OPINION: Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen dise...
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Akihiro Ohmoto Shigeo Fuji Source Type: research

Case report: Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with myocardial hypertrophy
ConclusionMyocardial hypertrophy may be an important sign of active and prognostic assessment in SLE diagnosis and management. Similarly, when encountering cases of myocardial hypertrophy, the possibility of autoimmune disease should be considered in addition to common causes. (Source: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease)
Source: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease - March 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shanshan Wang, Xinfeng Wei, Wenqing Yang, Dan Zhang Tags: SHORT REPORT Source Type: research

A Multilayered Post –Genome‐Wide Association Study Analysis Pipeline Defines Functional Variants and Target Genes for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
ConclusionWe demonstrate and validate post-GWAS strategies for using multidimensional data to prioritize likely causal variants with cognate gene targets underlying SLE pathogenesis. Our results provide a catalog of significantly SLE-associated SNPs and loci, target genes, and likely biochemical mechanisms to guide experimental characterization. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatology)
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatology - March 27, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Mehdi Fazel ‐Najafabadi, Loren L. Looger, Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi, Swapan K. Nath Tags: Full Length Source Type: research

Challenging in leprosy relapse with antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosis: A case report
This report emphasizes the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis, including the potential for infectious disease relapse, in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. It illustrates the necessity of an interdisciplinary treatment approach in complex clinical scenarios. (Source: Clinical Case Reports)
Source: Clinical Case Reports - March 27, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sousan Kolahi, Leyla Ghadakchi, Amirreza Jabbaripour  Sarmadian, Hamideh Azimi, Mehdi Jafarpour, Amirreza Khalaji Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

The Intricate Dance of Non-Coding RNAs in Myasthenia Gravis Pathogenesis and Treatment
Myasthenia gravis (MG) stands as a perplexing autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, driven by a multitude of antibodies targeting postsynaptic elements. However, the mystery of MG pathogenesis has yet to be completely uncovered, and its heterogeneity also challenges diagnosis and treatment. Growing evidence shows the differential expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in MG has played an essential role in the development of MG in recent years. Remarkably, these aberrantly expressed ncRNAs exhibit distinct profiles within diverse clinical subgroups and among patients harboring various antibody types. Fur...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Case report: Paralytic ileus resulted from nirmatrelvir/ritonavir-tacrolimus drug-drug interaction in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient with COVID-19
We present a case of paralytic ileus resulting from tacrolimus toxicity mediated by the use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 37-year-old female SLE patient was prescribed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir without discontinuing tacrolimus. She presented to the emergency room with symptoms of paralytic ileus including persistent abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which were verified to be associated with tacrolimus toxicity. The blood concentration of tacrolimus was measured >30 ng/mL. Urgent medical intervention was initiated, while tacrolimus was withheld. The residual concentra...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research