What Causes Temporomandibular Joint Problems?

Discussion The mandible normally grows in a symmetric downward and forward movement relative to the skull base. The condyle is the primary growth center. “The mandible is unique in that its 2 joints and growth centers function together as a single unit.” It is the last bone in the body to reach skeletal maturity. The mandible and its growth are important for maxillary growth and therefore many problems that affect the mandible affect the facial and skulls structures as well. These growth problems can be relatively insidious and therefore may need monitoring over longer periods of time such as patients with underlying congenital problems, systemic illnesses or condylar trauma. Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ) are a group of craniofacial pain problems that commonly present with pain, restricted or abnormal movement or sounds during motion. TMJ problems are broadly classified as articular or joint problems, masticatory muscle disorders, headache disorders or associated structure disorders. Problems can occur at any age but prevalence in the pediatric age group increases with age. Some studies report 5-10% for children with mixed dentitia and 5-33% for adolescents. Physical examination should be performed to help elucidate the problems but specialist help may be necessary such as dental or otolaryngological consultation. Facial symmetry and jaw movement should be inspected. Palpation of the TMJ during mouth opening, closing, lateral movements and clenching o...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news