Embryonic Exposure to Valproic Acid Affects Social Predispositions for Dynamic Cues of Animate Motion in Newly-Hatched Chicks

This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Italian and European Union laws for the ethical treatment of animals. The protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Trento and licensed by the Italian Health Ministry (permit number 986/2016-PR). Author Contributions PS, EV, OR-S, and GV conceived and designed the experiments. EL and AP conducted the experiments. PS, EV, and OR-S developed the behavioral paradigms. EL, AP, PS, OR-S, and EV analyzed the data. EL and PS drafted the manuscript. All the authors wrote the manuscript and approved the final version for publication. Funding This work was supported by grants from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) Grant ERC-2011-ADG_20110406, project no. 461 295517, PREMESOR, Fondazione Caritro grant Biomarker DSA (40102839) and PRIN (MIUR) 2016 to GV. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Tommaso Pecchia for help with the experimental apparatus, Dr. Uwe Mayer for help with the development of apparatus and procedure and Dr. Ciro Petrone for animal facility management. Supplementary Material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - Category: Physiology Source Type: research