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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.
Stroke and physiological relationships during the incremental front crawl test: outcomes for planning and pacing aerobic training
Conclusion: SL and SR exhibited a distinctive pattern for the V̇O2 response as swimming velocity increased. Furthermore, the influence of SL on GET, RCP, and V̇O2max suggests that SLslope serves as the metabolic reference of heavy exercise intensity, beyond which the stroke profile defines an exercise zone with high cost, which is recommended for an anaerobic threshold and aerobic power training. In turn, the observed difference between V̇O2 at SRslope and GET suggests that the range of velocities between SL and SR slopes ensures an economical pace, which might be recommended to develop long-term endurance. The results ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Selective elevation in external carotid artery flow during acute gravitational transition to microgravity during parabolic flight
This study sought to determine to what extent acute exposure to microgravity (0G) and related increases in central blood volume (CBV) during parabolic flight influence the regional redistribution of intra and extra cranial cerebral blood flow (CBF). Eleven healthy participants performed during two PF campaigns aboard the Airbus A310-ZERO G aircraft. The response of select variables for each of the 15 parabolas involving exposure to both 0G and hypergravity (1.8G) were assessed in the seated position. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored and used to calculate stroke volume (SV),...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - August 11, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Damien Lan éelle Shigehiko Ogoh Jean-Eudes Trihan Damian M Bailey Herv é Normand Source Type: research
Cardiopulmonary interactions —which monitoring tools to use?
Heart-lung interactions occur due to the mechanical influence of intrathoracic pressure and lung volume changes on cardiac and circulatory function. These interactions manifest as respiratory fluctuations in venous, pulmonary, and arterial pressures, potentially affecting stroke volume. In the context of functional hemodynamic monitoring, pulse or stroke volume variation (pulse pressure variation or stroke volume variability) are commonly employed to assess volume or preload responsiveness. However, correct interpretation of these parameters requires a comprehensive understanding of the physiological factors that determine...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 9, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Tracking performance and its underlying characteristics in talented swimmers: a longitudinal study during the junior-to-senior transition
The present study strived to gain a more profound understanding of the distinctions in development between swimmers who are considered to be on track to the senior elite level compared to those who are not. Longitudinal data of 29 talented sprint and middle-distance swimmers (12 males; 17 females) on season best performances (season best times) and underlying performance characteristics (anthropometrics, starts, turns, maximal swimming velocity, stroke index [SI, an indirect measure of swimming efficiency] and lower body power) were collected over four swimming seasons (median of n = 3 seasons per swimmer). Based on their ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 9, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Recommended water immersion duration for the field treatment of exertional heat stroke when rectal temperature is unavailable
ConclusionThe reported immersion durations are effective for > 90% of exertional heat stroke patients with pre-immersion Tre of 39.5 –42.8 °C. When available, real-time Tre monitoring is the standard of care to accurately diagnose and treat exertional heat stroke, avoiding adverse health outcomes associated with under- or over-cooling, and for implementing cool-first transport second exertional heat stroke policies.
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - August 8, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
A multiscale predictive digital twin for neurocardiac modulation
J Physiol. 2023 Aug 1. doi: 10.1113/JP284391. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCardiac function is tightly regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases cardiac output by increasing heart rate and stroke volume, while parasympathetic nerve stimulation instantly slows heart rate. Importantly, imbalance in autonomic control of the heart has been implicated in the development of arrhythmias and heart failure. Understanding of the mechanisms and effects of autonomic stimulation is a major challenge because synapses in different regions of the heart result in multiple chang...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - August 2, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Pei-Chi Yang Adam Rose Kevin R DeMarco John R D Dawson Yanxiao Han Mao-Tsuen Jeng Robert D Harvey L Fernando Santana Crystal M Ripplinger Igor Vorobyov Timothy J Lewis Colleen E Clancy Source Type: research
Influence of Exercise Training on the Left Atrium:Implications for Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure and Stroke
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 Jul 28. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00322.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe left atrium (LA) plays a critical role in receiving pulmonary venous return and modulating left ventricular (LV) filling. With the onset of exercise, LA function contributes to the augmentation in stroke volume. Due to the growing focus on atrial imaging, there is now evidence that structural remodelling and dysfunction of the LA is associated with adverse outcomes including incident cardiovascular disease. In patients with established disease, pathological changes in atrial structure and function are associate...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 28, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Adrian Elliott Jonathan Ariyaratnam Erin J Howden Andr é La Gerche Prashanthan Sanders Source Type: research
