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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Less Sodium, More Potassium, or Both: Population-wide Strategies to Prevent Hypertension
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00007.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHypertension is among the most prevalent medical conditions globally and a major contributor to chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and death. Prevention through non-pharmacologic, population-level interventions is critically needed to halt this worldwide epidemic. However, there are ongoing debates as to where public policy efforts should focus. Recently the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study demonstrated the efficacy of substituting table salt with potassium salt to reduce the risk of stroke, major cardiovasc...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - June 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Voravech Nissaisorakarn George Ormseth William Earle Martha Catalina Morales-Alvarez Swapnil Hiremath Stephen P Juraschek Source Type: research

Perlecan: A Review of its Role in Neurologic and Musculoskeletal Disease
Perlecan is a 500 kDa proteoglycan residing in the extracellular matrix of endothelial basement membranes with five distinct protein domains and three heparan sulfate chains. The complex structure of perlecan and the interaction it has with its local environment accounts for its various cellular and tissue-related effects, to include cartilage, bone, neural and cardiac development, angiogenesis, and blood brain barrier stability. As perlecan is a key contributor to extracellular matrix health involved in many tissues and processes throughout the body, dysregulation of perlecan has the potential to contribute to various neu...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Amino acid solution mitigates hypothermia response and intestinal damage following exertional heat stroke in male mice
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a debilitating and potentially fatal condition for which few prevention strategies exist. These results suggest that a 5AAS improves Tc regulation during EHS recovery through maintaining mucosal function and integrity and that protecting the GI tract during EHS may be beneficial in some of the health consequences of EHS exposure. AbstractIncreased gut permeability is implicated in the initiation and extent of the cytokine inflammatory response associated with exertional heat stroke (EHS). The primary objective of this study was to determine if a five amino acid oral rehydration solution (5AA...
Source: Physiological Reports - May 23, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Michelle A. King, Astrid Grosche, Shauna M. Ward, Jermaine A. Ward, Anusree Sasidharan, Thomas A. Mayer, Mark L. Plamper, Xiaodong Xu, Matthew D. Ward, Thomas L. Clanton, Sadasivan Vidyasagar Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of paddles and fins on front crawl kinematics, arm stroke efficiency, coordination, and estimated energy cost
This study seeks to investigate the precise effects of wearing either paddles (PAD) or fins (FINS) vs. a no-equipment (NE) trial in three all-out front crawl exercises on swimmer kinematics, arm stroke efficiency (ηp), upper-limbs coordination patterns (Index of Coordination, IdC), and estimated energy cost (C). Eleven regional to national-level male swimmers participated in the study (age: 25.8 ± 5.5 years, body mass: 75.2 ± 5.5 kg, height: 177 ± 6.5 cm) and were recorded from both sides of the swimming pool to collect all variables. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc were used to compare the variables...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 22, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Shear wave ultrasound elastography of the biceps brachii can be used as a precise proxy for passive elbow torque in individuals with hemiparetic stroke
Precise and objective methods for quantifying passive joint torques are absent in stroke rehabilitation, leaving rehabilitation specialists to subjectively assess its impact on function. Here, we compare shear wave ultrasound elastography of the biceps brachii muscle with a mechatronic method (criterion measure) of measuring elbow flexion torque over a range of elbow angles. Differences are evaluated between arms. Data support the clinical application of shear wave ultrasound elastography, especially in the absence of bedside mechatronics. AbstractMuscle tissue is prone to changes in composition and architecture following ...
Source: Physiological Reports - May 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Michael D. Ellis, Netta Gurari, Ninette T. A. Gerritsen, Sabrina M. Lee, Amy Wang, Julius P. A. Dewald Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Long-term circadian disruption shortens lifespan and dampens blood pressure diurnal rhythms in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 May 19. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00055.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEnvironmental cues such as light and timing of food intake influence molecular clocks that produce circadian rhythmicity of many biological functions. The master circadian clock is entrained by light input and synchronizes to peripheral clocks in every organ. Careers that require rotating shift work schedules predispose workers to a constant desynchronization of biological clocks and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We utilized a stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat model exposed...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - May 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Anne M Ramsey Adam Stowie Atlantis Hill Ivory Ellis Megan Rhoads David M Pollock Alec J Davidson Source Type: research

Influence of accelerated arterial ageing in growth restricted cohorts on adult-onset cardiovascular diseases
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 May 19. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00134.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpidemiologists have long documented higher risk of adult-onset cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as stroke, hypertension and coronary artery disease) and mortality from circulatory causes in low birth weight cohorts (poor in utero substrate supply). Utero-placental insufficiency and in utero hypoxemic state induced alterations in arterial structure and compliance are important initiating factors for adult-onset hypertension. The mechanistic links between fetal growth restriction and CVD include decreased arterial...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - May 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Arvind Sehgal Beth J Allison F àtima Crispi Samuel Menahem Source Type: research

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