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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Deferoxamine Prevents Post-Stroke Memory Impairment in Female Diabetic Rats: Potential Links to Hemorrhagic Transformation and Ferroptosis
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2022 Dec 23. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDiabetes increases the risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Greater hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after stroke is associated with vasoregression and cognitive decline in male diabetic rats. Iron chelator deferoxamine (DFX) prevents vasoregression and improves outcomes. While diabetic female rats develop greater HT, its impact on post-stroke cerebrovascularization and cognitive outcomes remained unknown. We hypothesized that diabetes mediates pathological neovascularization, and DFX attenuates post-str...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - December 23, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Weiguo Li Yasir Abdul Raghavendar Chandran Sarah Jamil Rebecca A Ward Mohammed Abdelsaid Guangkuo Dong Susan C Fagan Adviye Ergul Source Type: research

Multi-modal fusion model for predicting adverse cardiovascular outcome post percutaneous coronary intervention
Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that developed a deep learning model with joint fusion architecture for the prediction of post-PCI prognosis and outperformed machine learning models developed using traditional single-source features (clinical variables or E CG features). Adding ECG data with clinical variables did not improve prediction of all-cause mortality as may be expected, but the improved performance of related cardiac outcomes shows that the fusion of ECG generates additional value.
Source: Physiological Measurement - December 22, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Amartya Bhattacharya, Sudarsan Sadasivuni, Chieh-Ju Chao, Pradyumna Agasthi, Chadi Ayoub, David R Holmes, Reza Arsanjani, Arindam Sanyal and Imon Banerjee Source Type: research

Observational study on passive leg raising and the autonomic nervous system
This study aims to clarify these concomitant changes during PLR. A convenience number of healthy volunteers (N = 11) were recruited by advertisement in university departments. The subjects were exposed to the established PLR sequence and the heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), SV, and CO were sampled at 1 Hz, while electrocardiogram was recorded at 1000 Hz. Relative powers reflecting autonom ic nervous system activity were assessed from spectral analysis of HRV. In response to PLR, SV increased (12.4% ± 8.7%,p <  0.0026), while HR (−7.6% ± 4.7%,p <  0.0009) and MAP (−7.6% ± ...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 21, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: S øren Søndergaard Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Acetate suppresses myocardial contraction via the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43
The heart has high energy requirements, with an estimated 40%–60% of myocardial ATP production derived from the oxidation of fatty acids under physiological conditions. However, the effect of short-chain fatty acids on myocardial contraction remains controversial, warranting further research. The present study sought to investigate the effects and mechanisms of acetate, a short-chain fatty acid, on myocardial contraction in rat ventricular myocytes. Echocardiography and Langendorff heart perfusion were used to evaluate cardiac function. Cell shortening and calcium transient were measured in isolated cardiomyocytes. The p...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 16, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases —Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern
Non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease and other more are a leading cause of death in almost all countries. Lifestyle factors, especially poor diet and tobacco consumption, are considered to be the most important influencing factors in the development of these diseases. The Western diet has been shown to cause a significant distortion of normal physiology, characterized by dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and immune system, as well as disrupt...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 15, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Class of hemorrhagic shock is associated with progressive diastolic coronary flow reversal and diminished left ventricular function
Conclusion: With progressive classes of hemorrhagic shock left ventricular function progressively decreased, and the coronary arteries spent a greater proportion of diastole in retrograde flow, with progressively more negative total coronary flow. Preload recruitable stroke work, a load-independent measure of inotropy, also worsened in severe hemorrhagic shock, indicating the mechanism extends beyond the drop in preload and afterload alone.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 14, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Impact of pressure recovery on the assessment of pulmonary homograft function using Doppler ultrasound
The presented results showed that the Doppler measurements overestimated the degree of homograft stenosis and thus the right ventricular load when the energy loss concept with pressure recovery (PR) in the pulmonary artery was neglected. Doppler measurements that ignore PR can misclassify the severity of homograft stenosis and may lead to premature surgery. AbstractRelevant pressure recovery (PR) has been shown to increase functional stenotic aortic valve orifice area and reduce left ventricular load. However, little is known about the relevance of PR in the pulmonary artery. The study examined the impact of PR using 2D-ec...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 13, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Jan ‐Christian Reil, Christoph Marquetand, Claudia Busch‐Tilge, Jule Rohde, Edda Bahlmann, Anas Aboud, Ingo Eitel, Stephan Ensminger, Efstratios I. Charitos, Gert‐Hinrich Reil, Ulrich Stierle Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Editorial: Stroke and infarction at high-altitude
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Endothelial deletion of the cytochrome P450 reductase leads to cardiac remodelling
The cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) transfers electrons to all microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) thereby driving their activity. In the vascular system, the POR/CYP450 system has been linked to the production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) but also to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In cardiac myocytes (CMs), EETs have been shown to modulate the cardiac function and have cardioprotective effects. The functional importance of the endothelial POR/CYP450 system in the heart is unclear and was studied here using endothelial cell-specific, inducible knockout mice of POR (ecPOR−/−). RNA sequencing o...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 2, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research