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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.
Influence of Exercise Training on the Left Atrium:Implications for Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure and Stroke
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 Jul 28. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00322.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe left atrium (LA) plays a critical role in receiving pulmonary venous return and modulating left ventricular (LV) filling. With the onset of exercise, LA function contributes to the augmentation in stroke volume. Due to the growing focus on atrial imaging, there is now evidence that structural remodelling and dysfunction of the LA is associated with adverse outcomes including incident cardiovascular disease. In patients with established disease, pathological changes in atrial structure and function are associate...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 28, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Adrian Elliott Jonathan Ariyaratnam Erin J Howden Andr é La Gerche Prashanthan Sanders Source Type: research
Regional disparity in continuously measured time-domain cerebrovascular reactivity indices: a scoping review of human literature
Objective: Cerebral blood vessels maintaining relatively constant cerebral blood flow (CBF) over wide range of systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP) is referred to as cerebral autoregulation (CA). Impairments in CA expose the brain to pressure-passive flow states leading to hypoperfusion and hyperperfusion. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) metrics refer to surrogate metrics of pressure-based CA that evaluate the relationship between slow vasogenic fluctuations in cerebral perfusion pressure/ABP and a surrogate for pulsatile CBF/cerebral blood volume. Approach: We performed a systematically conducted scoping review of a...
Source: Physiological Measurement - July 23, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Amanjyot Singh Sainbhi, Izabella Marquez, Alwyn Gomez, Kevin Y Stein, Fiorella Amenta, Nuray Vakitbilir, Logan Froese and Frederick A Zeiler Source Type: research
The Effect of Acute Handgrip and Aerobic Exercise on Wasted Pressure Effort and Arterial Wave Reflections in Healthy Aging
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 Jul 21. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00133.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAging increases arterial stiffness and wave reflections which augment left ventricular wasted pressure effort (WPE). A single bout of exercise may be effective at acutely reducing WPE via reductions in arterial wave reflections. In young adults (YA) acute aerobic exercise decreases, whereas handgrip increases, wave reflections. Whether acute exercise mitigates or exacerbates WPE and arterial wave reflection in healthy aging warrants further examination. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are age-re...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Joseph M Stock Ninette Shenouda Nicholas V Chouramanis Jordan C Patik Christopher R Martens William B Farquhar Julio A Chirinos David G Edwards Source Type: research
ASL MRI informs blood flow to chronic stroke lesions in patients with aphasia
In this study, we will determine if cerebral blood flow (CBF) mapped in patients with chronic strokes can be further used to understand stroke-related factors and behavior.Methods: We collected perfusion MRI data using pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling (pCASL) using a single post-labeling delay of 2,200 ms in 14 chronic PWA, along with high-resolution structural MRI to compute maps of tissue damage using Tissue Integrity Gradation via T2w T1w Ratio (TIGR). To quantify the CBF in chronic stroke lesions, we tested at what point spatial smoothing should be applied in the ASL analysis pipeline. We then related CBF to t...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - July 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular responses of exercises performed within the extreme exercise domain
Physiol Res. 2023 Jul 14;72(3):319-327.ABSTRACTStroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR) and arterio-venous O2 difference (a-vO2diff) responses to heavy and severe-intensity exercise have been well documented; however, there is a lack of information on the SV, HR and a v-O2diff responses of work rates within extreme exercise domain. The aim of this study was, therefore, to focus on central and peripheral components of VO2 responses to exercises performed within the heavy, severe and extreme exercise domain. Eight well-trained male cyclists participated in this study. Maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) and corresponding work rate (P...
Source: Physiological Research - July 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: A Gures M Colakoglu O Ozkaya H As G A Balci Source Type: research
Polygenic genetic variation affecting antibody formation underlies hypertensive renal injury in the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2023 Jul 13. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00058.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost SHR lines are resistant to hypertensive renal disease. However, the SHR-A3 line (stroke-prone SHR or SHRSP) experiences end organ injury (EOI) and provides a model that can be used to uncover genetic causation. In the present study we have generated a congenic line in which three distinct disease loci in SHR-A3 are concurrently replaced with the homologous loci from an injury-resistant SHR line (SHR-B2). Verification that all three loci were homozygously replaced in this triple congenic line (SHR-A3(Trip B2)) while...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - July 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Isha S Dhande Yaming Zhu Aniket S Joshi M John Hicks Michael C Braun Peter A Doris Source Type: research
