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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Regulation of endothelial function by cigarette smoke and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Jun 7. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02824-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCigarette smoking is the most important avoidable cardiovascular risk factor. It causes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and increases the risk of its severe clinical complications like coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Several next-generation tobacco and nicotine products have been developed to decrease some of the deleterious effects of regular tobacco smoking. This review article summarizes recent findings about the impact of cigarette smoking and next-generation tobac...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - June 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Justus Klein Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho Sindy Giebe Coy Brunssen Henning Morawietz Source Type: research

Time-series NARX feedback neural network for forecasting impedance cardiography ICG missing points: a predictive model
One of the crucial steps in assessing hemodynamic parameters using impedance cardiography (ICG) is the detection of the characteristic points in the dZ/dt ICG complex, especially the X point. The most often estimated parameters from the ICG complex are stroke volume and cardiac output, for which is required the left ventricular pre-ejection time. Unfortunately, for beat-to-beat calculations, the accuracy of detection is affected by the variability of the ICG complex subtypes. Thus, in this work, we aim to create a predictive model that can predict the missing points and decrease the previous work percentages of missing poi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Haematoloechus sp. attachment shifts endothelium in vivo from pro- to anti-inflammatory profile in Rana pipiens: evidence from systemic and capillary physiology
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2023 Jun 5. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00041.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis prospective, descriptive study focused on lung flukes (Haematoloechus sp., H) and their impact on systemic and individual capillary variables measured in pithed Rana pipiens, a long-standing model for studies of capillary physiology. Three groups were identified based on H attachment: no Haematoloechus (No H), Haematoloechus not attached (H Not Att), and Haematoloechus attached (H Att). Among 38 descriptive, cardiovascular, and immunological variables, 18 changed significantly with H. Symptoms of H includ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - June 5, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Donna A Williams Mary H Flood Source Type: research

Allometric scaling of metabolic rate and cardiorespiratory variables in aquatic and terrestrial mammals
AbstractWhile basal metabolic rate (BMR) scales proportionally with body mass (Mb), it remains unclear whether the relationship differs between mammals from aquatic and terrestrial habitats. We hypothesized that differences in BMR allometry would be reflected in similar differences in scaling of O2 delivery pathways through the cardiorespiratory system. We performed a comparative analysis of BMR across 63 mammalian species (20 aquatic, 43 terrestrial) with aMb range from 10  kg to 5318 kg. Our results revealed elevated BMRs in small (>10  kg and <100  kg) aquatic mammals compared to small terrestrial mammal...
Source: Physiological Reports - June 5, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Rebecca S. He, Stacy De  Ruiter, Tristan Westover, Jason A. Somarelli, Ashley M. Blawas, Divya L. Dayanidhi, Ana Singh, Benjamin Steves, Samantha Driesinga, Lewis G. Halsey, Andreas Fahlman Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Larger splenic emptying correlate with slower EPOC kinetics in healthy men and women during supine cycling
ConclusionApparently, during supine cycling, individuals with larger spleen emptying tend to have slower\(\dot{V}\) O2 recovery kinetics and a greater EPOCfast.
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - June 4, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Development and characterization of canine ‐specific computational models to predict pulsatile arterial hemodynamics and ventricular‐arterial coupling
AbstractPulsatile hemodynamics analyses provide important information about the ventricular-arterial system which cannot be inferred by standard blood pressure measurements. Pulse wave analysis (PWA), wave separation analysis (WSA), and wave power analysis (WPA) characterize arterial hemodynamics with limited preclinical applications. Integrating these tools into preclinical testing may enhance understanding of disease or therapeutic effects on cardiovascular function. We used a canine rapid ventricular pacing (RVP) heart failure model to: (1) Characterize hemodynamics in response to RVP and (2) assess analyses from flow w...
Source: Physiological Reports - June 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Julia C. Hotek, Julio A. Chirinos, Theodore J. Detwiler, Hillary K. Regan, Christopher P. Regan Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Less Sodium, More Potassium, or Both: Population-wide Strategies to Prevent Hypertension
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2023 Jun 1. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00007.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHypertension is among the most prevalent medical conditions globally and a major contributor to chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and death. Prevention through non-pharmacologic, population-level interventions is critically needed to halt this worldwide epidemic. However, there are ongoing debates as to where public policy efforts should focus. Recently the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study demonstrated the efficacy of substituting table salt with potassium salt to reduce the risk of stroke, major cardiovasc...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - June 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Voravech Nissaisorakarn George Ormseth William Earle Martha Catalina Morales-Alvarez Swapnil Hiremath Stephen P Juraschek Source Type: research