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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Roflumilast prevents ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage by restricting GSK3 β-mediated oxidative stress and IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK pathway.
In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of Roflu against ischemic stroke using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) and in vivo rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. We demonstrated that Roflu significantly reduced the apoptosis of HT-22 cells exposed to OGD/R, enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and reduced oxidative stress. Treatment with Roflu increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) but decreased the level of phosphorylated inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 24, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Xu B, Xu J, Cai N, Li M, Liu L, Qin Y, Li X, Wang H Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
NIH neuroscientists isolate promising mini antibodies against COVID-19 from a llama
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) National Institutes of Health researchers have isolated a set of promising, tiny antibodies, or " nanobodies, " against SARS-CoV-2 that were produced by a llama named Cormac. Preliminary results suggest that at least one of these nanobodies, called NIH-CoVnb-112, could prevent infections and detect virus particles by grabbing hold of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. In addition, the nanobody appeared to work equally well in either liquid or aerosol form, suggesting it could remain effective after inhalation.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 22, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Elastic wing deformations mitigate flapping asymmetry during manoeuvres in rose chafers (Protaetia cuprea) RESEARCH ARTICLE
Yonatan Meresman and Gal Ribak
To manoeuvre in air, flying animals produce asymmetric flapping between contralateral wings. Unlike the adjustable vertebrate wings, insect wings lack intrinsic musculature, preventing active control over wing shape during flight. However, the wings elastically deform as a result of aerodynamic and inertial forces generated by the flapping motions. How these elastic deformations vary with flapping kinematics and flight performance in free-flying insects is poorly understood. Using high-speed videography, we measured how contralateral wings elastically deform during free-flight manoeuvring in...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - December 22, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Meresman, Y., Ribak, G. Tags: Comparative biomechanics of movement RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Researchers reveal how our brains know when something's different
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) NIH scientists discovered how a set of high frequency brain waves may help us unconsciously know when something's different by comparing memories of the past with present experiences.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 14, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Last Interglacial: warming amplified in mountain environments
(University of Innsbruck) Speleothems turned out to be a great stroke of luck: dripstones from two caves in the Swiss Alps provide for the first time a continuous reconstruction of temperatures during the Last Interglacial period. Paul Wilcox from the Department of Geology has now published a study showing that high alpine regions were affected by stronger temperature increases than lower altitudes.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 11, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Heat stroke-related deaths in India: An analysis of natural causes of deaths, associated with the regional heatwave
Publication date: Available online 3 December 2020Source: Journal of Thermal BiologyAuthor(s): Arvind Kumar, D.P. Singh
Source: Journal of Thermal Biology - December 4, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Atorvastatin alleviates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via modulating the microbial composition and the intestinal barrier function in ischemic stroke mice.
We report herein that atorvastatin significantly ameliorated the defects in sensorimotor behaviors and reduced microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting proinflammatory polarization of microglia in the peri-infarct cortex of the mice with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Moreover, atorvastatin reversed microbial composition (characterized by increased abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus and decreased Bacteroidetes abundance), increased fecal butyrate level, promoted intestinal barrier function (elevated protein levels of claudin-1, occludin and mucoprotein 2), as well as regulated intestin...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 3, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang P, Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen J, Shang W, Shi G, Zhang L, Zhang C, Chen R Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Targeting calcium overload could improve stroke outcomes, research suggests
(University of Virginia Health System) Excessive calcium contributes to harmful inflammation in ischemic stroke, and targeting it may provide doctors with a new way to improve patient outcomes.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 23, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Flight muscle power increases with strain amplitude and decreases with cycle frequency in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) RESEARCH ARTICLE
Joseph W. Bahlman, Vikram B. Baliga, and Douglas L. Altshuler
Birds that use high flapping frequencies can modulate aerodynamic force by varying wing velocity, which is primarily a function of stroke amplitude and wingbeat frequency. Previous measurements from zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) flying across a range of speeds in a wind tunnel demonstrate that although the birds modulated both wingbeat kinematic parameters, they exhibited greater changes in stroke amplitude. These two kinematic parameters contribute equally to aerodynamic force, so the preference for modulating amplitude over frequency may instead derive ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - November 12, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Bahlman, J. W., Baliga, V. B., Altshuler, D. L. Tags: Comparative biomechanics of movement RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Elastic wing deformations mitigate flapping asymmetry during manoeuvres in rose chafers (Protaetia cuprea) RESEARCH ARTICLE
Y. Meresman and G. Ribak To manoeuvre in air flying animals produce asymmetric flapping between contralateral wings. Unlike the adjustable vertebrate wings, insect wings lack intrinsic musculature, preventing active control over wing shape during flight. However, the wings elastically deform as a result of aerodynamic and inertial forces generated by the flapping motions. How these elastic deformations vary with flapping kinematics and flight performance in free-flying insects is poorly understood. Using high-speed videography, we measured how contralateral wings elastically deform during free-flight manoeuvring in rose ch...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - November 9, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Meresman, Y., Ribak, G. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A cross-sectional study of blood selenium concentration and cognitive function in elderly Americans: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014.
Conclusions: Higher blood selenium is associated with higher cognitive scores in elderly Americans.
PMID: 33050724 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Human Biology - October 21, 2020 Category: Biology Tags: Ann Hum Biol Source Type: research
Donepezil in the treatment of ischemic stroke: Review and future perspective
Publication date: Available online 12 October 2020Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Arnavaz Hajizadeh Barfejani, Mahbod Jafarvand, Seyed Mohammad Seyedsaadat, Roozbeh Tarighati Rasekhi
Source: Life Sciences - October 13, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Flight muscle power increases with strain amplitude and decreases with cycle frequency in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) RESEARCH ARTICLE
Joseph W. Bahlman, Vikram B. Baliga, and Douglas L. Altshuler Birds that use high flapping frequencies can modulate aerodynamic force by varying wing velocity, which is primarily a function of stroke amplitude and wingbeat frequency. Previous measurements from zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) flying across a range of speeds in a wind tunnel demonstrate that although the birds modulated both wingbeat kinematic parameters, they exhibited greater changes in stroke amplitude. These two kinematic parameters contribute equally to aerodynamic force, so the preference for modulating amplitude over frequency may instead derive f...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - October 12, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Bahlman, J. W., Baliga, V. B., Altshuler, D. L. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A community-based study of demographics, medical and psychiatric conditions, and gender dysphoria/incongruence treatment in transgender/gender diverse individuals
ConclusionTransgender and gender diverse individuals represent a population who express various gender identities and are seeking gender-specific healthcare at increasing rates. Psychiatric illness is highly prevalent compared to the US population but there is no difference in the prevalence of CV risk factors including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - October 5, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research
NIH scientists reveal how the brain may fuel intense neural communication
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In an in-depth study of neurons grown in laboratory petri dishes, National Institutes of Health researchers discovered how neuronal synapses find the energy to support intense communications bouts thought to underlie learning and memory.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - October 5, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
