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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

President Slashes NIH Funding by 13 percent
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) would receive $34.4 billion in FY 2020, roughly $4.7 billion or 13 percent below the levels enacted by Congress for FY 2019, according to the President’s Budget released on March 11. The budget for NIH includes $492 million in funding made available through the 21st Century Cures Act and $150 million in mandatory funding. The leading biomedical research agency in the world would receive budget cuts across the board. All NIH centers are slated for budget reductions: National Cancer Institute: -8.7 percent National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: -14 percent National Inst...
Source: Public Policy Reports - March 19, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: AIBS Source Type: news

Cytoprotective effects of euxanthone against ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury is mediated via Nrf2
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Shengnan Li, Yong Sun, Zhiwu Han, Xiaocui Bu, Weijie Yu, Junyu WangAbstractAimAtherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic condition of the arterial vessels and a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Euxanthone is a xanthone compound extracted from Polygala caudata, and shows vasodilatory action. The aim of this study was to determine the potential pharmacological effects of euxanthone against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell injury.Material and methodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were expo...
Source: Life Sciences - March 17, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Our brains may ripple before remembering
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In a study of epilepsy patients, researchers at the National Institutes of Health found that split seconds before we recall past experiences tiny electrical waves, called ripples, may flow through key parts of our brains that help store our memories, setting the stage for successful retrieval.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 15, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Dynamics of blood circulation during diving in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): the role of the retia mirabilia RESEARCH ARTICLE
Marco Bonato, Paola Bagnoli, Cinzia Centelleghe, Mike Maric, Ginevra Brocca, Sandro Mazzariol, and Bruno Cozzi The retia mirabilia are vascular nets composed of small vessels dispersed among numerous veins, allowing blood storage, regulation of flow and pressure damping effects. Here, we investigated their potential role during the diving phase of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). To this effect, the whole vertebral retia mirabilia of a series of dolphins were removed during post-mortem analysis and examined to assess vessel diameters, and estimate vascular volume and flow rate. We formulated a new hemodynamic ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - March 6, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Bonato, M., Bagnoli, P., Centelleghe, C., Maric, M., Brocca, G., Mazzariol, S., Cozzi, B. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

UCI researcher awarded nearly $4 million to study neurological disorders including epilepsy
(University of California - Irvine) University of California, Irvine School of Medicine researcher Geoff Abbott, PhD, has been awarded a $2 million Outstanding Investigator Award/Maximizing Investigators' Research Award (MIRA) R35 grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and a $1.7 million R01 grant from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 27, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

An intricate interaction: dietary fatty acid intake influences hypertension risk
(Kanazawa University) Hypertension is an important public health problem that can lead to life-threatening cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke. Here, the relationship between dietary intake of n-6 fatty acids and hypertension, using blood pressure measurement and a diet history questionnaire. A Kanazawa University research team found that increased dietary intake of n-6 fatty acids positively impacted hypertension, but that this benefit was limited to individuals without impaired glucose tolerance.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 20, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Intravenous Administration of Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Cells on the Course of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Rats
We compared the effects of placental mesenchymal stromal cells and neural progenitor cells derived from induced human pluripotent cells after their intravenous administration to rats in 24 h after transitory occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the dynamics of animal survival, body weight, neurological deficit, and the volume of infarction focus in 7, 14, 30, and 60 days after surgery. Intravenous injection of neural progenitor cells produced a therapeutic effect on the course of experimental ischemic stroke by increasing animal survival in the most acute period and acceleratin...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 20, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Contraction of atrial smooth muscle reduces cardiac output in perfused turtle hearts RESEARCH ARTICLE
William Joyce, Michael Axelsson, and Tobias Wang Unusual undulations in resting tension (tonus waves) were described in isolated atria from freshwater turtle more than a century ago. These tonus waves were soon after married with the histological demonstration of a rich layer of smooth muscle on the luminal side of the atrial wall. Research thereafter waned and the functional significance of this smooth muscle has remained obscure. Here we provide evidence that contraction of the smooth muscle in the atria may be able to change cardiac output in turtle hearts. In in situ perfused hearts of the red-eared slider turtle (Trac...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - February 20, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Joyce, W., Axelsson, M., Wang, T. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Shimmer launches Verisense ™ wearable sensor platform for clinical trials
(Rana Healthcare Solutions LLC) Shimmer, a global leader in wearable technology for research applications, today launched Verisense ™ , its next-generation wearable sensor platform designed from the ground up to meet the needs of clinical trial sponsors, sites and participants. Verisense is a comprehensive and flexible solution for reliably capturing accurate and complete biometric data. Starting in March, Shimmer customers are planning to use Verisense in trials for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer-related fatigue, and stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

How moles destroy your lawn: the forelimb kinematics of eastern moles in loose and compact substrates RESEARCH ARTICLE
Yi-Fen Lin, Nicolai Konow, and Elizabeth R. Dumont The interplay between morphological specialization and kinematic flexibility is important for organisms that move between habitats within different substrates. Burrowing is energetically expensive and requires substantial interaction with soil to dislodge and transport it. True moles (Talpidae) have extraordinary forelimb morphologies and a unique ability to dig in loose as well as compact soils, yet we know little of how moles coordinate their forelimb joint kinematics when digging in soils of different compactness. Using marker-based X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morph...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - February 18, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Lin, Y.-F., Konow, N., Dumont, E. R. Tags: Comparative biomechanics of movement RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Dynamics of blood circulation during diving in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The role of the retia mirabilia RESEARCH ARTICLE
Marco Bonato, Paola Bagnoli, Cinzia Centelleghe, Mike Maric, Ginevra Brocca, Sandro Mazzariol, and Bruno Cozzi The retia mirabilia are vascular nets composed by small vessels dispersed among numerous veins, allowing blood storage, regulation of flow, and pressure damping effects. Here we investigated their potential role during the diving phase of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). To this effect, the whole vertebral retia mirabilia of a series of dolphins were removed during post-mortem analysis and examined to assess vessel diameters, estimate vascular volume, and flow rate. Here we formulate a new hemodynamic ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - February 13, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Bonato, M., Bagnoli, P., Centelleghe, C., Maric, M., Brocca, G., Mazzariol, S., Cozzi, B. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

How moles destroy your lawn: the forelimb kinematics of Eastern moles in loose and compact substrates RESEARCH ARTICLE
Yi-Fen Lin, Nicolai Konow, and Elizabeth R. Dumont The interplay between morphological specialization and kinematic flexibility is important for organisms that move between habitats within different substrates. Burrowing is energetically expensive and requires substantial interaction with soil to dislodge and transport it. True moles (Talpidae) have extraordinary forelimb morphologies and a unique ability to dig in loose as well as compact soils, yet we know little of how moles coordinate their forelimb joint kinematics when digging in soils of different compactness. Using marker-based X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morpho...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - February 4, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Lin, Y.-F., Konow, N., Dumont, E. R. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Association Between Trace Element Status and Depression in HTLV-1-Infected Patients: a Retrospective Cohort Study.
Abstract Depression and Anxiety are two important public health problems that are known to be associated with viral infections. The association between the intake of nutrients such as zinc and copper with symptoms of depression has been studied previously. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between depression with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection and serum content of zinc and copper in a large Iranian population cohort. The study population consisted of 279 HTLV-1-positive patients who were identified after recruitment as part of a large cohort study: the Mashh...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - February 4, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Darroudi S, Abolbashari S, Ahangari N, Tayefi M, Khashyarmanesh Z, Zamani P, Haghighi HM, Mohammadpour AH, Tavalaei S, Esmaily H, Ferns GA, Meshkat Z, Tayefi B, Ghayour-Mobarhan M Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Columbia engineers translate brain signals directly into speech
(The Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University) In a scientific first, Columbia neuroengineers have created a system that translates thought into intelligible, recognizable speech. This breakthrough, which harnesses the power of speech synthesizers and artificial intelligence, could lead to new ways for computers to communicate directly with the brain. It also lays the groundwork for helping people who cannot speak, such as those living with as ALS or recovering from stroke, regain their ability to communicate with the outside world.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - January 29, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Prospects of Synchronous fMRI-EEG Recording as the Basis for Neurofeedback (Exemplified on Patient with Stroke Sequelae)
Synchronous fMRI-EEG mapping of cerebral activity in stroke patients made it possible to implement neurofeedback, a novel and promising therapeutic technology. This method integrates a real-time monitoring of cerebral activity by EEG and fMRI signals and training of the patients to control this activity simultaneously or alternatively via neurofeedback. The targets of such cerebral stimulation are cortical regions controlling arbitrary movements (Brodmann area 4), whereas its aim is optimization of activity in these regions in order to achieve better rehabilitation of stroke patients. The paper discusses the methodical det...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 9, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research