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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Computational modeling of multiscale collateral blood supply in a whole-brain-scale arterial network
In this study, a computational model of multiscale anastomoses in whole-brain-scale cerebral arterial networks was developed and used to evaluate collateral blood supply by anastomoses during middle cereb ral artery occlusion. Morphologically validated cerebral arterial networks were constructed by combining medical imaging data and mathematical modeling. Sparse intermediate anastomoses were assigned between adjacent main arterial branches; the pial arterial network was modeled as a dense network str ucture. Blood flow distributions in the arterial network during middle cerebral artery occlusion simulations were computed. ...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - September 8, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Tomohiro Otani Source Type: research
Overexpression of Circ_0005585 Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via Targeting MiR-16-5p
Circular RNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. In this work, we explored the modulation and potential mechanisms of action of circ_0005585 in ischemic stroke. Expression of circ_0005585 and miR-16-5p was assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR. Ischemic stroke was modeled in mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The infarct volume was assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Neurological deficits were evaluated according to Neurological Severity Score. The permeability of the blood —brain barrier was assessed by Evan’s blue leakage and brain water conten...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - August 11, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Hyperglycemia exacerbates ischemic stroke not through increased generation of hydrogen peroxide
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Aug 3:S0891-5849(23)00576-2. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDiabetes is one of the significant risk factors for ischemic stroke. Hyperglycemia exacerbates the pathogenesis of stroke, leading to more extensive cerebral damage and, as a result, to more severe consequences. However, the mechanism whereby the hyperglycemic status in diabetes affects biochemical processes during the development of ischemic injury is still not fully understood. In the present work, we record for the first time the real-time dynamics of H2O2 in the matrix of neuronal mitochondria ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - August 5, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Daria A Kotova Alexandra D Ivanova Matvei S Pochechuev Ilya V Kelmanson Yulia V Khramova Alisa Tiaglik Mark A Sudoplatov Arina P Trifonova Anna Fedotova Kseniia Morozova Veronika A Katrukha Anastasia D Sergeeva Roman I Raevskii Mariia P Pestriakova Maxim Source Type: research
Systematic underestimation of human hand weight
Curr Biol. 2023 Jul 24;33(14):R758-R759. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.041.ABSTRACTAccording to Newton's laws, the weight of a body part is equal to its mass times gravitational acceleration. Our experience of body part weight, however, is constructed by the central nervous system. No sensory receptors directly specify the weight of body parts, and the factors influencing perceived weight remain unknown. The perceived weight of held objects has been linked to sensations of the magnitude of central motor commands sent to the muscles, what Helmholtz called the effort of will and has subsequently been called the sense of effort1...
Source: Current Biology - July 25, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Elisa R Ferr è Jonathan Joel Denise Cadete Matthew R Longo Source Type: research
NR4A1 destabilizes < i > TNF < /i > mRNA in microglia and modulates stroke outcomes
by Yao Yao
Microglia play a dual role in stroke depending on their pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory polarization. A study in PLOS Biology identifies a new mechanism, through which the transcription factor NR4A1 negatively regulates TNF expression in microglia.
Microglia play a dual role in stroke depending on their pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory polarization. This Primer explores a PLOS Biology study that identifies a new mechanism through which the transcription factor NR4A1 negatively regulates TNF expression in microglia.
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - July 25, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Yao Yao Source Type: research
Noncanonical contribution of microglial transcription factor NR4A1 to post-stroke recovery through TNF mRNA destabilization
by Pinyi Liu, Yan Chen, Zhi Zhang, Zengqiang Yuan, Jian-Guang Sun, Shengnan Xia, Xiang Cao, Jian Chen, Cun-Jin Zhang, Yanting Chen, Hui Zhan, Yuexinzi Jin, Xinyu Bao, Yue Gu, Meijuan Zhang, Yun Xu
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in various neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, but the endogenous mechanisms preventing unstrained inflammation is still unclear. The anti-inflammatory role of transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) in macrophages and microglia has previously been identified. However, the endogenous mechanisms that how NR4A1 restricts unstrained in...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - July 24, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Pinyi Liu Source Type: research
Theoretical efficiency limits and speed-efficiency trade-off in myosin motors
by Andrej Vilfan, Andreja Šarlah
Muscle myosin is a non-processive molecular motor generates mechanical work when cooperating in large ensembles. During its cyle, each individual motor keeps attaching and detaching from the actin filament. The random nature of attachment and detachment inevitably leads to losses and imposes theoretical limits on the energetic efficiency. Here, we numerically determine the theoretical efficiency limit of a classical myosin model with a given number of mechano-chemical states. All parameters that are not bounded by physical limits (like rate limiting steps) are determined by numerical effi...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - July 21, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Andrej Vilfan Source Type: research
Multiscale effects of excitatory-inhibitory homeostasis in lesioned cortical networks: A computational study
We present a large-scale model of the neocortex, with synaptic scaling of local inhibition, showing how E-I homeostasis can drive the post-lesion restoration of FC and linking it to changes in excitability. We show that functional networks could reorganize to recover disrupted modularity and small-worldness, but not network dynamics, suggesting the need to consider forms of plasticity beyond synaptic scaling of inhibition. On average, we observed widespread increases in excitability, with the emergence of complex lesion-dependent patterns related to biomarkers of relevant side effects of stroke, such as epilepsy, depressio...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - July 7, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Francisco P áscoa dos Santos Source Type: research
Lithium Co-administration with rutin improves post-stroke neurological outcomes via suppressing Gsk-3 β activity in a rat model
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jul 4:S0891-5849(23)00522-1. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCerebral ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability worldwide. Reperfusion is the only therapeutic option with a lot of side effects. In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of rutin and lithium co-treatment in improving post-stroke neurological outcomes in a transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rat model. Middle-aged male rats were subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. NORT and Y-maze were used to assess the cognitive process...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 6, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Anil Kumar Rana Rajneesh Kumar Durgesh Nandan Shukla Damanpreet Singh Source Type: research
Does becoming an informal caregiver make your health worse? A longitudinal analysis across Europe
CONCLUSIONS: The results might help to concentrate a major effort of any policy in the field of mental health on the period immediately after the negative shock, especially for those caregivers who live with the care receiver, for those in Southern and Eastern Europe and in countries with low expenditure on LTC.PMID:37364512 | DOI:10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101264
Source: Economics and Human Biology - June 26, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Luz Mar ía Peña Longobardo Beatriz Rodr íguez-Sánchez Juan Oliva Source Type: research
Therapeutic Efficacy and Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Intracerebral Transplantation in Rats with Experimental Ischemic Stroke
We studied therapeutic efficacy and migration characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the human placenta after their intracerebral (stereotactic) administration to rats with the experimental ischemic stroke. It was shown that cell therapy significantly improved animal survival rate and reduced the severity of neurological deficit. New data on the migration pathways of transplanted cells in the brain were obtained.
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - June 19, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sex- and age-related differences in renal and cardiac injury and senescence in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
ConclusionsOur study demonstrates a clear sex pattern in age-related progression of renal and cardiac fibrosis and cellular senescence in SHRSP rats. A 6-week time frame was associated with increased indices of cardiac and renal fibrosis and cellular senescence in male SHRSPs. Female SHRSP rats were protected from renal and cardiac damage compared to age-matched males. Thus, the SHRSP is an ideal model to investigate the effects of sex and aging on organ injury over a short timeframe.
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - May 22, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research
