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Total 371 results found since Jan 2013.

Platelet Count Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke or TIA: Subgroup Analysis of CNSR II
Conclusion: In ischemic stroke or TIA patients with platelet count within normal range, platelet count may be a qualified predictor for long-term recurrent stroke, mortality, and poor functional outcome. Introduction Platelets exert a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, contributing to thrombus formation, and embolism (1, 2). Previous literature reported that platelets of various size and density are produced by megakaryocytes of different size and stages of maturation in different clinical conditions, suggesting various platelet patterns in differen...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pre-injury Comorbidities Are Associated With Functional Impairment and Post-concussive Symptoms at 3- and 6-Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study
Conclusions: Pre-injury psychiatric and pre-injury headache/migraine symptoms are risk factors for worse functional and post-concussive outcomes at 3- and 6-months post-mTBI. mTBI patients presenting to acute care should be evaluated for psychiatric and headache/migraine history, with lower thresholds for providing TBI education/resources, surveillance, and follow-up/referrals. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01565551. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2013 ~2.8 million TBI cases were recorded an...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Publication date: Available online 14 March 2019Source: The Lancet NeurologyAuthor(s): Valery L Feigin, Emma Nichols, Tahiya Alam, Marlena S Bannick, Ettore Beghi, Natacha Blake, William J Culpepper, E Ray Dorsey, Alexis Elbaz, Richard G Ellenbogen, James L Fisher, Christina Fitzmaurice, Giorgia Giussani, Linda Glennie, Spencer L James, Catherine Owens Johnson, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Giancarlo Logroscino, Benoît Marin, W Cliff Mountjoy-VenningSummaryBackgroundNeurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Inj...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - March 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A 23-Year-Old Woman with Sudden-Onset Blindness of the Right Eye
A 23-year-woman was presented for sudden-onset monocular blindness. Branch retinal artery occlusion in the right eye and multiple brain embolism were detected. Trousseau syndrome due to bilateral ovarian cancer was diagnosed; no embolic events were observed after anticoagulant therapy and surgical resection.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Yosuke Takeuchi, Keiichi Nakahara, Makoto Nakajima, Yasuteru Inoue, Riyo Matsumura, Munekage Yamaguchi, Hidetaka Katabuchi, Yukio Ando Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Valproic acid and epilepsy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidences.
Abstract After more than a century from its discovery, valproic acid (VPA) still represents one of the most efficient antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Pre and post-synaptic effects of VPA depend on a very broad spectrum of actions, including the regulation of ionic currents and the facilitation of GABAergic over glutamatergic transmission. As a result, VPA indirectly modulates neurotransmitter release and strengthens the threshold for seizure activity. However, even though participating to the anticonvulsant action, such mechanisms seem to have minor impact on epileptogenesis. Nonetheless, VPA has been reported to exer...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - December 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Romoli M, Mazzocchetti P, D'Alonzo R, Siliquini S, Rinaldi VE, Verrotti A, Calabresi P, Costa C Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Clean air for Brain Heath; ongoing agenda of 2018 World Brain Day
The latest estimate of attributable deaths to pollution worldwide is extraordinary: 9 million deaths annually [2]. Deaths are related to cardiovascular disorders (myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and stroke), lung diseases and cancers. The recent Global Burden of Disease study, based on 1990 –2013 data from 188 countries demonstrated that air pollution contributes to 29.2% of the global burden of stroke. However the burden varies between 10% in high-income countries and 34% in low- and middle-income countries [3].
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - December 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: J. Reis, P.S. Spencer, M. Wasay, W. Grisold, W.M. Carroll Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Aerobic Training Efficacy in Inflammation, Neurotrophins, and Function in Chronic Stroke Persons: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Background: Neuroinflammation is an important part of stroke pathophysiology and has both detrimental and beneficial effects after stroke. Besides that the enhancement of neurotrophins seems to be related to improvements in stroke recovery. Evidences suggest that exercise plays a role in modulating anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects. However, little is known about its impact in stroke survivors, mainly in chronic stroke. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise in changing inflammatory mediators, interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniela Matos Garcia Oliveira, Larissa Tavares Aguiar, Marcus Vin ícius de Oliveira Limones, Aline Gonçalves Gomes, Luana Cristina da Silva, Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria, Paula Luciana Scalzo Source Type: research

Neural correlates of improvements in personality and behavior following a neurological event
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2017Source: NeuropsychologiaAuthor(s): Marcie L. King, Kenneth Manzel, Joel Bruss, Daniel TranelAbstractResearch on changes in personality and behavior following brain damage has focused largely on negative outcomes, such as increased irritability, moodiness, and social inappropriateness. However, clinical observations suggest that some patients may actually show positive personality and behavioral changes following a neurological event. In the current work, we investigated neuroanatomical correlates of positive personality and behavioral changes following a discrete neurologi...
Source: Neuropsychologia - November 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

D-dimer > 2.785  μg/ml and multiple infarcts ≥3 vascular territories are two characteristics of identifying cancer-associated ischemic stroke patients.
CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer >2.785 μg/ml may be an effective cutoff value and a sensitive index for identifying CAIS patients. AMBIs in ≥3 vascular territories and AMBIs in both the anterior and posterior circulations are two imaging characteristics of CAIS. PMID: 30317943 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurological Research - October 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Time dependent neuroprotection of dexamethasone in experimental focal cerebral ischemia: the involvement of NF- κB pathways.
Time dependent neuroprotection of dexamethasone in experimental focal cerebral ischemia: the involvement of NF-κB pathways. Brain Res. 2018 Sep 21;: Authors: Sun WH, He F, Zhang NN, Zhao ZA, Chen HS Abstract We propose that the neuroprotective effect of glucocorticoid in ischemic damage may be time dependent. The present study was designed to test the proposal and its possible mechanismin cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model. Reperfusion injury was induced after 120 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Atdifferenttimepoints after MCAO, rats were ...
Source: Brain Research - September 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sun WH, He F, Zhang NN, Zhao ZA, Chen HS Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Cerebral infarction and cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage preceded vascular contraction in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome patient with hidden breast cancer
We report a case of RCVS with hidden breast cancer in which ischemic stroke and cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage were observed earlier than vasoconstriction, and there were positive autoantibodies.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - September 4, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Changhyo Yoon Seunguk Jung Source Type: research

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels are Lower in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Relation with Manganese-dependent Superoxide Dismutase ALA16VAL Single Nucleotide Polymorphism through Tumor Necrosis Factor- α and Caspases Pathways
The manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Ala16Val single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has shown to be associated to risk factors of vascular diseases. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in the plasticity and neuronal regeneration of the brain after vascular injuries. However, little is known about interaction between MnSOD Ala16Val SNP on stroke, a frequent neurologic disease that involves various interacting pathways, such as vascular dysfunctions, inflammation, and neurotrophic factors.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Mr. Eduardo Tanuri Pascotini, Dr. Ariane Ethur Flores, Mrs. Aline Kegler, Mrs. Vivana Konzen, Mrs. Ana Let ícia Fornari, Mrs. Josi Arend, Mrs. Patricia Gabbi, Mrs. Luciana Assis Gobo, Dr. Guilherme Vargas Bochi, Dr. Ana Lucia Cervi Prado, Dr. Leandro Mac Source Type: research

Yawning in neurology: a review
ABSTRACT Yawning is a stereotyped physiological behavior that can represent a sign or symptom of several conditions, such as stroke, parakinesia brachialis oscitans, parkinsonism, Parkinson ’ s disease and epilepsy. More rarely, it can occur in patients with intracranial hypertension, brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, migraine, Chiari malformation type I, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Drug-induced yawning is an uncommon clinical condition and yawning in patients with autism or schizophrenia is very rare. The aim of this review is to describe in detail the occurrence of the phenomenon in such conditions, and its ’ p...
Source: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - July 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibition of miR-141-3p Ameliorates the Negative Effects of Poststroke Social Isolation in Aged Mice Basic Sciences
Conclusions—miR-141-3p is increased with poststroke isolation. Inhibition of miR-141-3p improved mortality, neurological deficits, and decreased infarct volumes. Importantly, these therapeutic effects occurred in aged animals, the population most at risk for stroke and poststroke isolation.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Rajkumar Verma, Rodney M. Ritzel, Nia M. Harris, Juneyoung Lee, TaeHee Kim, Gopal Pandi, Raghu Vemuganti, Louise D. McCullough Tags: Basic Science Research, Ischemia, Translational Studies Original Contributions Source Type: research

Neurologic Outcome Predictors in Pediatric Intracerebral Hemorrhage Brief Report
Background and Purpose—Intracerebral hemorrhage is a considerable source of morbidity and mortality. This 3-center study describes outcomes of pediatric intracerebral hemorrhage and identifies 2-year neurological outcome predictors.Methods—Children 29 days to 18 years of age presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage from March 2007 to May 2015 were enrolled prospectively. Exclusion criteria included trauma; intracranial tumor; hemorrhagic transformation of arterial ischemic stroke or cerebral sinovenous thrombosis; isolated subdural, epidural, or subarachnoid hemorrhage; and abnormal baseline neurological function. Intr...
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Giulia S. Porcari, Lauren A. Beslow, Rebecca N. Ichord, Daniel J. Licht, Jonathan T. Kleinman, Lori C. Jordan Tags: Pediatrics, Prognosis, Mortality/Survival, Intracranial Hemorrhage Brief Reports Source Type: research