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Procedure: Lumbar Puncture

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Total 141 results found since Jan 2013.

Patients on NOACs in the Emergency Room
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDespite the increasing use of NOACs, there is still uncertainty on how to treat NOAC patients presenting with neurological emergencies. Initial assessment of coagulation status is challenging but essential in these patients to provide best-possible treatment in case of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Meanwhile, anticoagulation reversal strategies have been suggested; yet, the optimal management is still unestablished. The current review aims to provide up-to-date information on (i) how to identify patients with NOAC intake, (ii) which therapies are feasible in the setting of ischemic and hemorrhagi...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - May 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Decreased CSF Levels of ß-Amyloid in Patients With Cortical Superficial Siderosis
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the presence and extent of cSS are associated with reduced CSF ß-amyloid 42 levels. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this association. Introduction Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)—characterized by the deposition of ß-amyloid in the walls of leptomeningeal vessels—is a common cerebral small vessel disease and a major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage in the elderly (1–3). Furthermore, it has become evident that CAA is associated with cognitive impairment (4). Specifically, it has been shown that ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Does Phase-Contrast Imaging through the Cerebral Aqueduct Predict the Outcome of Lumbar CSF Drainage or Shunt Surgery in Patients with Suspected Adult Hydrocephalus? ADULT BRAIN
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the results of phase-contrast MR imaging through the cerebral aqueduct alone should not be used to select patients for diagnostic or therapeutic CSF diversion.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - December 14, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Blitz, A. M., Shin, J., Baledent, O., Page, G., Bonham, L. W., Herzka, D. A., Moghekar, A. R., Rigamonti, D. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

The 12-Word Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test Performances in Older Adults: Brain MRI and Cerebrospinal Fluid Correlates and Regression-Based Normative Data
Conclusion: The PVLT appears sensitive to markers of neurodegeneration, including temporal regions affected by AD. Conversely, in cognitively normal older adults, PVLT performance seems to relate to white matter disease and axonal injury, perhaps reflecting non-AD pathways to cognitive change. Enhanced normative data enrich the clinical utility of this tool.Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2018;8:476 –491
Source: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra - December 6, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Neurosyphilis prevalence at a Portuguese stroke unit care.
CONCLUSION: We observed a low prevalence of NS (0.31%), but this result was surprisingly higher than what was expected in an elderly population. PMID: 30343380 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - October 20, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Pintado Maury I, Alves M, Fonseca T Tags: Aging Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Immunoluminometric assay for copeptin measurement in cerebrospinal fluid: Technical aspects and pilot study
ConclusionsThis assay provides to best of our knowledge for the first time initial ranges values of CSF copeptin for patients without acute neurological disease and in patients with aSAH. Thus, it opens new doors to develop further calculations and relationships between diseases biomarker and outcome prediction.
Source: Clinica Chimica Acta - September 16, 2018 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research

Immunoluminometric assay for copeptin measurement in cerebrospinal fluid: Technical aspects and pilot study.
CONCLUSIONS: This assay provides to best of our knowledge for the first time initial ranges values of CSF copeptin for patients without acute neurological disease and in patients with aSAH. Thus, it opens new doors to develop further calculations and relationships between diseases biomarker and outcome prediction. PMID: 30194934 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - September 5, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mindt S, Andrade-Barazarte H, Tokhi U, Ludtka C, Neumaier M, Hänggi D Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Diagnosing causes of headache within the postpartum period.
CONCLUSIONS: Research has shown that many postpartum headaches go undiagnosed and as a result are poorly treated, often returning following discharge from secondary care (Nelson-Piercy 2010 ). The hope is that the introduction of this adjuvant will allow clinicians to identify the cause of postpartum headaches earlier and will allow life threatening diagnoses to be quickly excluded. PMID: 29944052 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - June 28, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: J Obstet Gynaecol Source Type: research

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Progressing to Venous Sinus Thrombosis, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, and Stroke
We describe a young woman with typical IIH who underwent lumbar puncture and was treated with a short course of high-dose corticosteroids followed by acetazolamide. She subsequently developed CVST, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and stroke. Risk factors that may have resulted in CVST are discussed.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - February 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Clinical Observation Source Type: research

Rapid progressive visual decline and visual field defects in two patients with the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
Conclusions Loss of visual acuity and a decline in visual fields without corresponding MRI findings and marked changes in behaviour should lead to a diagnosis of HvCJD. Corresponding diagnostic tests should be performed for confirmation. The prognosis for survival is poor and should be immediately communicated to affected patients and their relatives.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - February 21, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Letter to the Editor: Pneumocephalus: Is the needle size significant?
Discussion. Pneumocephalus is defined by two mechanisms: a ball-valve and an inverted bottle concept.1 The ball-valve type implies positive pressure events, such as coughing or valsalva maneuvers, that prevent air escape. Tension pneumocephalus is included in this mechanism, causing a parenchymal mass effect. The inverted bottle theory includes a negative intracranial pressure gradient following cerebrospinal fluid drainage, relieved by air influx. A small pneumocephalus is usually sealed by blood clots or granulation, allowing spontaneous reabsorption and resolution.[1] Otherwise, the lateral positioning of a patient duri...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools CNS Infections Current Issue Letters to the Editor Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Neurology Stroke Traumatic Brain Injury epidural needle size Pneumocephalus spinal tap Source Type: research

A Case of a 4-Year-Old Female with a Primary Spinal Malignancy Presenting with Froin's Syndrome
We report the case of a 4-year-old female with a primary extradural intramedullary atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) leading to a middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarct and Froin's syndrome. She presented with a 6-pound weight loss over the previous week, as well as a decreased urinary output and an altered mental status. She underwent a brain MRI that revealed a left MCA infarct, mild ventriculomegaly, and bilateral internal carotid artery, M1, and A1 stenosis. An external ventricular drain (EVD) was placed due to increased intracranial pressure. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analyzed via lumbar puncture that reveale...
Source: Pediatric Neurosurgery - November 1, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research

Brain metabolic correlates of CSF Tau protein in a large cohort of Alzheimer's disease patients: a CSF and FDG PET study.
CONCLUSIONS: t-Tau deposition in brain is related to temporal, parietal and frontal hypometabolism in AD. PMID: 29066367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - October 21, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Chiaravalloti A, Barbagallo G, Ricci M, Martorana A, Ursini F, Sannino P, Karalis G, Schillaci O Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

A Diagnostic Approach to Stroke in Young Adults
Opinion statementOptimal diagnosis and management of stroke in young adults benefit from a multidisciplinary team, including a vascular neurology specialist. In addition to the “standard” vascular risk factors including smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, one needs to consider alternative etiologies including substance abuse, carotid/vertebral artery dissections, and rare genetic conditions among others. Once a young patient is determined to have had a stroke, the next question a clinician should ask iswhy did this patient have a stroke? A “heart to head” diagnostic approach is recommended. A thoro...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - September 25, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Correlation of CSF flow using phase-contrast MRI with ventriculomegaly and CSF opening pressure in mucopolysaccharidoses
ConclusionsIn MPS patients ventriculomegaly is associated with a severe phenotype, increased cognitive decline, WM lesion severity and enlarged PVS. The authors have shown that there are associations between CSF flow measurements and measurements related to CSF volumetrics. There was also an association of volumetric measurements with the degree of dilated PVS.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research