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Ketamine Therapy for Treatment-resistant Depression in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report
Conclusion—Ketamine may be an alternative treatment for resistant depression and may have a special use in patients with multiple sclerosis. Introduction Depression is a frequent finding in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with the lifetime prevalence rates for major depressive disorder (MDD) ranging from 36 to 54 percent, more than twice of that in the general population.[1] Even with advances in pharmacological options for treating depression, an estimated 33 to 66 percent of patients with MDD in the general population do not respond to the first antidepressant, and a reported 15 to 33 percent of patients do not ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Case Report Current Issue Depression Multiple Sclerosis Neurology Psychiatry Psychopharmacology Electroconvulsive therapy Ketamine major depressive disorder treatment-resistant depression Source Type: research

The role of aquaporin-4 in synaptic plasticity, memory and disease.
Abstract Since the discovery of aquaporins, it has become clear that the various mammalian aquaporins play critical physiological roles in water and ion balance in multiple tissues. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the principal aquaporin expressed in the central nervous system (CNS, brain and spinal cord), has been shown to mediate CNS water homeostasis. In this review, we summarize new and exciting studies indicating that AQP4 also plays critical and unanticipated roles in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Next, we consider the role of AQP4 in Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - March 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hubbard JA, Szu JI, Binder DK Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Sigma 1 Receptor and Ion Channel Dynamics in Cancer.
Authors: Soriani O, Rapetti-Mauss R Abstract SigmaR1 is a multitasking chaperone protein which has mainly been studied in CNS physiological and pathophysiological processes such as pain, memory, neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, retinal neurodegeneration ), stroke and addiction . Strikingly, G-protein and ion channels are the main client protein fami lies of this atypical chaperone and the recent advances that have been performed for the last 10 years demonstrate that SigmaR1 is principally activated following tissue injury and disease development to p...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - March 22, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Does Botulinum neurotoxin type A treatment for sialorrhea change oral health?
ConclusionBNT-A injections according to the current protocol can effectively manage sialorrhea while maintaining oral health.Clinical relevanceOral health can be considered the mirror of general human health, as the cause of many diseases. Saliva plays a crucial role in protecting the oral cavity. The present study is of high clinical relevance because, although earlier research has proved the effect of Botulinum neurotoxin type A injections on reduction in saliva flow, data about the risks of the treatment method to the oral condition through affecting saliva composition has so far been missing.
Source: Clinical Oral Investigations - March 23, 2017 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research

Edaravone (MCI-186) for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Posthoc Analysis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) by Domain and Individual Items (P3.130)
Conclusions:A generally favorable descriptive effect for edaravone was observed during posthoc assessment of the ALSFRS-R by domain and individual items.Study Supported by: MTPC was responsible for funding and conduct of the study. MTDA was responsible for executing this analysis.Disclosure: Dr. Palumbo has received personal compensation for activities with Mitsubishi Tanabe as an employee. Dr. Palumbo holds stock options in Actelion Clinical Research, Inc., in which his spouse is a full-time pharmaceutical researcher and receives stock options as partial compensation for work performed. Dr. Takei has received personal com...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Palumbo, J. M., Takei, K., Tsuda, K., Liu, S. Tags: Neuromuscular and Clinical Neurophysiology (EMG): Motor Neuron Disease I Source Type: research

Cumulative Distribution of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale- Revised (ALSFRS-R) Scores in a Phase 3 Study of Edaravone (MCI-186) for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Posthoc Assessment (P5.110)
Conclusions:Demonstration of median shift and proportion of patients with no decline in ALSFRS-R, and those whose change in ALSFRS-R was limited to ≤2 points during 24 weeks of treatment, may appear to provide supporting evidence for the efficacy of edaravone over placebo.Study Supported by: MTPC was responsible for funding and conduct of the study. MTDA was responsible for executing this analysis.Disclosure: Dr. Takei has received personal compensation for activities with Mitsubishi Tanabe as an employee. Dr. Palumbo has received personal compensation for activities with Mitsubishi Tanabe as an employee. Dr. Palumbo ho...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Takei, K., Palumbo, J. M., Tsuda, K., Liu, S. Tags: Neuromuscular and Clinical Neurophysiology (EMG) Poster Discussion Session Source Type: research

The double roles of the prostaglandin E2 EP2 receptor in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of stroke, brings high morbidity and mortality to human beings. Multiple studies indicate that neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity resulted from the degradation products of blood clot play vital roles in ICH-induced secondary brain injury, which contributes to deterioration of neurological outcome. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a type of prostanoids commonly up-regulated in these progresses, is known to modulate numerous cellular and molecular processes and involve in various diseases, including ICH, cerebral ischemic, Alzheimer's disease ...
Source: Current Drug Targets - April 24, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Luo X, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Huang Q, Xie Z, Cheng Y Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Brain inflammasomes in stroke and depressive disorders: regulation by estrogen
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neuroendocrinology - May 1, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Alexander Slowik, Leoni Lammerding, Stefanie Hoffmann, Cordian Beyer Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The role of regulatory T cells in nervous system pathologies
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a special subpopulation of immunosuppressive T cells that are essential for sustaining immune homeostasis. They maintain self‐tolerance, inhibit autoimmunity, and act as critical negative regulators of inflammation in various pathological states including autoimmunity, injury, and degeneration of the nervous system. Treg cells are known to convey both beneficial and detrimental influences in certain disease contexts, and accumulating research suggests that their action may be altered in a range of peripheral and central nervous system pathologies. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - May 10, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Samuel S. Duffy, Brooke A. Keating, Chamini J. Perera, Gila Moalem ‐Taylor Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Tale of the Good and the Bad Cdk5: Remodeling of the Actin Cytoskeleton in the Brain
AbstractCdk5 kinase, a cyclin-dependent kinase family member, is a key regulator of cytoskeletal remodeling in the brain. Cdk5 is essential for brain development during embryogenesis. After birth, it is essential for numerous neuronal processes such as learning and memory formation, drug addiction, pain signaling, and long-term behavior changes, all of which rely on rapid alterations in the cytoskeleton. Cdk5 activity is deregulated in various brain disorders including Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and ischemic stroke, resulting in profound remodeling of the neuronal cytoskel...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Telehealth in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review
Publication date: May 2017 Source:PM&R, Volume 9, Issue 5, Supplement Author(s): Adam S. Tenforde, Jaye E. Hefner, Jodi E. Kodish-Wachs, Mary A. Iaccarino, Sabrina Paganoni Telehealth refers to health care interactions that leverage telecommunication devices to provide medical care outside the traditional face-to-face, in-person medical encounter. Technology advances and research have expanded use of telehealth in health care delivery. Physical medicine and rehabilitation providers may use telehealth to deliver care to populations with neurologic and musculoskeletal conditions, commonly treated in both acute care ...
Source: PMandR - May 18, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Scripps Florida scientist and collaborators win $7 million grant to develop new ALS treatments
(Scripps Research Institute) Professor Matthew Disney of the Department of Chemistry on the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), together with scientists from Mayo Clinic's Florida campus and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, has been awarded $7.2 million from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of The National Institutes of Health to create new RNA-based treatments for the most common form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as well as a type of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 15, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Scripps Research Institute scores $7M grant to cure ALS
A professor with the Jupiter outpost of the Scripps Research Institute has received a grant of more than $7 million to create new treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the neurological disease that earned widespread national attention when the “ice bucket challenge” went viral on social media in 2014. Professor Matthew Disney, of Scripps' Department of Chemistry, was awarded $7.2 million from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines - June 19, 2017 Category: American Health Authors: Debora Lima Source Type: news

Identification and characterization of Nanobodies targeting the EphA4 receptor Neurobiology
The ephrin receptor A4 (EphA4) is one of the receptors in the ephrin system that plays a pivotal role in a variety of cell-cell interactions, mostly studied during development. In addition, EphA4 has been found to play a role in cancer biology as well as in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders such as stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacological blocking of EphA4 has been suggested to be a therapeutic strategy for these disorders. Therefore, the aim of our study was to generate potent and selective Nanobodies against the ligand-b...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - July 7, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lies Schoonaert, Laura Rue, Bart Roucourt, Mieke Timmers, Susan Little, Lucia Chavez–Gutierrez, Maarten Dewilde, Peter Joyce, Adam Curnock, Peter Weber, Jurgen Haustraete, Gholamreza Hassanzadeh–Ghassabeh, Bart De Strooper, Ludo Van Den Bosch, Tags: Methods and Resources Source Type: research

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: A multifaceted cytokine implicated in multiple neurological diseases.
Abstract Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a conserved cytokine found as a homotrimer protein. It is found in a wide spectrum of cell types in the body including neuronal and non-neuronal cells. MIF is implicated in several biological processes; chemo-attraction, cytokine activity, and receptor binding, among other functions. More recently, a chaperone-like activity has been added to its repertoire. In this review, we focus on the implication of MIF in the central nervous system and peripheries, its role in neurological disorders, and the mechanisms by which MIF is regulated. Numerous studies have as...
Source: Experimental Neurology - July 2, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Leyton-Jaimes MF, Kahn J, Israelson A Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research