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Total 644 results found since Jan 2013.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Abstract Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have long been viewed as a potent tool for regenerative cell therapy. MSCs are easily accessible from both healthy donor and patient tissue and expandable in vitro on a therapeutic scale without posing significant ethical or procedural problems. MSC based therapies have proven to be effective in preclinical studies for graft versus host disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary fibrosis, autoimmune disorders and many other conditions and are currently undergoing clinical trials at a number of centers all over the world. MSCs are also being exte...
Source: Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy - September 22, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Tanna T, Sachan V Tags: Curr Stem Cell Res Ther Source Type: research

The interplay between microRNAs and histone deacetylases in neurological diseases
Publication date: November 2014 Source:Neurochemistry International, Volume 77 Author(s): Megan W. Bourassa , Rajiv R. Ratan Neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease and stroke, represent a prevalent group of devastating illnesses with few treatments. Each of these diseases or conditions is in part characterized by the dysregulation of many genes, including those that code for microRNAs (miRNAs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Recently, a complex relationship has been uncovered linking miRNAs and HDACs and their ability to regulate one another. This provides a new avenue for potential therapeutics as the ...
Source: Neurochemistry International - November 4, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

When is feeding via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy indicated?
Purpose of review: This review addresses current controversies regarding appropriate indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) insertion. We address specific indications, namely, dementia, stroke, aspiration, motor neurone disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and head and neck cancer. We recommend practical strategies for improving patient selection. Recent findings: There is now a general consensus in the United States that PEG feeding does not benefit patients with advanced dementia. ‘Early’ PEG insertion following stroke is similarly of no benefit. It is currently unclear whether patients with amyo...
Source: Current Opinion in Gastroenterology - February 6, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: NUTRITION: Edited by Eamonn M.M. Quigley Source Type: research

Risks of Epilepsy During Pregnancy
Epilepsy is a common disease that affects 1 in 26 individuals in their lifetime. According to a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke assessment, with 2 million affected individuals, epilepsy ranks only fourth to migraine, stroke, and Alzheimer disease in the prevalence of neurological disorders. Epilepsy affects more people than autism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson disease combined. Approximately 0.3% to 0.5% of all pregnancies are among women with epilepsy (WWE). The risks during pregnancy in WWE have been uncertain.
Source: JAMA Neurology - July 6, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evidence for the Importance of Vitamin D Status in Neurologic Conditions
Opinion statement Vitamin D status has been proposed as relevant to many neurological disorders. Data suggest that vitamin D may be important for the development of the nervous system, and it also plays a role in neuroimmunology and neuroprotection. Lower levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been linked with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and stroke have lower vitamin D levels than those without the diseases, it is unclear if this is because hypovitaminosis D contributes to disea...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - November 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Novel Derivatives of Docosahexaenoylethanolamide as Therapeutics for Neuronal Disorders
This technology provides derivatives of Docosahexaenoylethanolamide (synaptamide or DEA) which have increased potency and hydrolysis resistance as compared to DEA (structures of these derivatives are available upon request), as well as methods of using these derivatives to promote neurogenesis, neurite growth, and/or synaptogenesis. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that accumulates in the brain during development, has been shown to play a key role in learning and memory development. Studies have also shown that DEA, a metabolite derived from DHA is very potent in accelerating neuronal growth an...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 24, 2013 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Mechanisms Mediated by CDK5 Inhibition.
This article discusses current evidence for the involvement of CDK5 deregulation in neurodegenerative disorders and neurodegeneration associated with stroke through various mechanisms. These include upregulation of cyclin D1 and overactivation of CDK5 mediated neuronal cell death pathways, aberrant hyperphosphorylation of human tau proteins and/or neurofilament proteins, formation of neurofibrillary lesions, excitotoxicity, cytoskeletal disruption, motor neuron death (due to abnormally high levels of CDK5/p25) and colchicine-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons. A better understanding of the role of CDK5 inhibit...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - November 24, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mushtaq G, Greig NH, Anwar F, Al-Abbasi FA, Zamzami MA, Al-Talhi HA, Kamal MA Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The pathophysiological role of astrocytic endothelin-1
Publication date: Available online 28 April 2016 Source:Progress in Neurobiology Author(s): Stéphanie Hostenbach, Miguel D’haeseleer, Ron Kooijman, Jacques De Keyser In the normal central nervous system, endothelin-1 (ET-1) is found in some types of neurons, epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and endothelial cells of microvessels, but it is usually not detectable in glial cells. However, in different pathological conditions, astrocytes adapting a reactive phenotype express high levels of ET-1 and its receptors, mainly the ETB receptor. ET-1 released by reactive astrocytes appears mainly to have neurodeleterio...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - April 28, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Pharmacological targeting of the PDGF-CC signaling pathway for blood –brain barrier restoration in neurological disorders
Publication date: Available online 12 August 2016 Source:Pharmacology & Therapeutics Author(s): Sebastian A. Lewandowski, Linda Fredriksson, Daniel A. Lawrence, Ulf Eriksson Neurological disorders account for a majority of non-malignant disability in humans and are often associated with dysfunction of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Recent evidence shows that despite apparent variation in the origin of neural damage, the central nervous system has a common injury response mechanism involving platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-CC activation in the neurovascular unit and subsequent dysfunction of BBB integrity. ...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 11, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8-Items (SSCI-8) in Patients with Neurological Disorders
ConclusionThis study shows that the Korean SSCI-8 is a unidimensional model, even though it includes items of both enacted and internalized stigma. It is both reliable and valid for assessing stigma among Korean patients with neurological disease.
Source: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine - November 28, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Scientists discover urinary biomarker that may help track ALS
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) A study in Neurology suggests that analyzing levels of the protein p75ECD in urine samples from people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may help monitor disease progression as well as determine the effectiveness of therapies. The study was supported by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), both part of the National Institutes of Health.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 22, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Sexuality and disability, a poorly studied relationship in neurology (P2.199)
Conclusions:Sexual dysfunction was more frequent in patients with chronic neurological diseases. We found a statistically significant relationship between sexual dysfunction and disability. For overall sexual function, the results indicate that women had lower rates of sexual performance for the same degree of disability than menDisclosure: Dr. Nasimbera has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rosales has nothing to disclose. Dr. Quarrachino has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rodriquez has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nasimbera, A., Rosales, J., Silva, B., Alonso, R., Bohorquez, N., Lepera, S., Garreto, N., Tomoko, A., Garcea, O., Raul, R., Quarrachino, C., Rodriquez, G. Tags: General Neurology: Practice Improvement and Novel Approaches to Care Source Type: research

Clinical screening of oropharyngeal dysphagia: standard of care
We read with interest the paper by Verin et al. [1] related to oropharyngeal dysphagia and its importance in institutionalised neurological and head and neck patients, between others. Furthermore, this is a very common problem in the critical and intermediate care settings, and a similar situation occurs with other acute neurological diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral trauma, post-neurosurgical procedures and toxic metabolic encephalopathies [2, 3]. The authors emphasised the necessity of identifying risks factors for aspiration early and suggested that clinical screening methods are needed to r...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Caviedes, I., Fernandez-Bussy, S., Labarca, G., Herth, F. J. F. Tags: Respiratory clinical practice Original Articles: Correspondence Source Type: research

Derivatives of Docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DEA) for Neurogenesis
The invention pertains to derivatives of docosahexaenoylethanolamide (synaptamide or DEA) and their use in inducing neurogenesis, neurite growth, and/or synaptogenesis. As such, these DEA derivatives can be used as therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, autism, Alzheimer ' s disease, Huntington ' s disease, Parkinson ' s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The DEA derivatives of the invention have increased potency and hydrolysis resistance as compared to native DEA. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 polyunsat...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 24, 2013 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research

CNS Summit 2017 Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Conclusion: This novel technology discriminates and quantifies subtle differences in behavior and neurological impairments in subjects afflicted with neurological injury/disease. KINARM assessments can be incorporated into multi-center trials (e.g., monitoring stroke motor recovery: NCT02928393). Further studies will determine if KINARM Labs can demonstrate a clinical effect with fewer subjects over a shorter trial period. Disclosures/funding: Dr. Stephen Scott is the inventor of KINARM and CSO of BKIN Technologies.   Multiplexed mass spectrometry assay identifies neurodegeneration biomarkers in CSF Presenter: Chelsky...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - November 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools biomarkers Cognition Current Issue Drug Development General Genetics Medical Issues Neurology Patient Assessment Psychopharmacology Scales Special Issues Supplements Trial Methodology clinical trials CNS Su Source Type: research