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Condition: ALS

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Total 644 results found since Jan 2013.

Neurodegeneration: Virus linked to neuron death
Nature 526, 7572 (2015). doi:10.1038/526166b Viruses could be partly to blame for a neurodegenerative disease.Avindra Nath at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland, and his colleagues studied post-mortem brain tissue from 11 people who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; also known as motor neuron
Source: Nature - October 7, 2015 Category: Research Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

CNS remyelination as a novel reparative approach to neurodegenerative diseases: the roles of purinergic signalling and the P2Y-like receptor GPR17.
Abstract Oligodendrocytes are the myelin-forming cells in the CNS. They enwrap axons, thus permitting fast impulse transmission and exerting trophic actions on neurons. Demyelination accompanied by neurological deficit is a rather frequent condition that is not only associated with multiple sclerosis but has been also recognized in several other neurodegenerative diseases, including brain trauma and stroke, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Recently, alterations of myelin function have been also reported in neuropsychiatric diseases, like depression and autism. Highly relevant for therapeutic ...
Source: Neuropharmacology - October 7, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fumagalli M, Lecca D, Abbracchio MP Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

The Man Who Grew Eyes
The train line from mainland Kobe is a marvel of urban transportation. Opened in 1981, Japan’s first driverless, fully automated train pulls out of Sannomiya station, guided smoothly along elevated tracks that stand precariously over the bustling city streets below, across the bay to the Port Island. The island, and much of the city, was razed to the ground in the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995 – which killed more than 5,000 people and destroyed more than 100,000 of Kobe’s buildings – and built anew in subsequent years. As the train proceeds, the landscape fills with skyscrapers. The Rokkō mounta...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - October 11, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Association of Pseudobulbar Affect Symptoms with Quality of Life and Healthcare Costs in Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury
Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is an affect disinhibition syndrome characterized by uncontrollable, exaggerated, and often inappropriate outbursts of crying or laughing.(Schiffer and Pope, 2005) It has been associated with disruption or damage to neural systems that modulate voluntary and involuntary emotional expression(Wortzel et al., 2008, Parvizi et al., 2009, Lauterbach et al., 2013)PBA has been identified in patients with a multitude of neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease.(Moore et al., 1997, Schiffer and Pope, 2...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: James L. Rudolph, Jennifer R. Fonda, Phillip R. Hunt, Regina E. McGlinchey, William P. Milberg, Matthew W. Reynolds, Charles Yonan Source Type: research

An open-label study to assess safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in dementia: PRISM II results.
CONCLUSIONS: DM/Q significantly reduced PBA symptoms in patients with dementia; reported adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of DM/Q. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01799941. PMID: 26471212 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS Spectrums - October 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Doody RS, D'Amico S, Cutler AJ, Davis CS, Shin P, Ledon F, Yonan C, Siffert J Tags: CNS Spectr Source Type: research

Rutgers Genetics Research Center awarded $6 million federal grant
(Rutgers University) The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) has awarded a five-year grant worth up to $6,034,323 to RUCDR Infinite Biologics, a unit of Rutgers' Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey. With the new grant, the Rutgers operation will take over management of the NINDS stem cell repository. RUCDR also will provide a comprehensive range of stem-cell related services to researchers throughout the world investigating diseases including Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - October 20, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Refinement of the Central Steps of Substrate Transport by the Aspartate Transporter GltPh: Elucidating the Role of the Na2 Sodium Binding Site
by SanthoshKannan Venkatesan, Kusumika Saha, Azmat Sohail, Walter Sandtner, Michael Freissmuth, Gerhard F. Ecker, Harald H. Sitte, Thomas Stockner Glutamate homeostasis in the brain is maintained by glutamate transporter mediated accumulation. Impaired transport is associated with several neurological disorders, including stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Crystal structures of the homolog transporter GltPh from Pyrococcus horikoshii revealed large structural changes. Substrate uptake at the atomic level and the mechanism of ion gradient conversion into directional transport remained enigmatic. We observed in repea...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - October 20, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: SanthoshKannan Venkatesan et al. Source Type: research

Nuclear transport problems linked to ALS and FTD
Three teams of scientists supported by the National Institutes of Health showed that a genetic mutation linked to some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) may destroy neurons by disrupting the movement of materials in and out of the cell’s nucleus, or command center where most of its DNA is stored.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

A Perspective on Roles Played by Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Pathobiology of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Abstract Aberrant innate and adaptive immune responses are neurodegenerative disease effectors. Disease is heralded by a generalized, but subtle immune activation orchestrated by the release of extracellular prion-like aggregated and oxidized or otherwise modified proteins. These are responsible for an inflammatory neurotoxic cascade. The perpetrators of such events include effector T cells and activated microglia. What ensues are Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke with changed frequencies of effector T cell and reduced numbers or function of regulatory lymphocytes. T...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - October 31, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pseudobulbar affect in multiple sclerosis patients.
PSEUDOBULBAR AFFECT IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS. Acta Clin Croat. 2015 Jun;54(2):159-63 Authors: Vidović V, Rovazdi MČ, Kraml O, Kes VB Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pseudobulbar affect (PBA) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to analyze the link between PBA and patient age, sex, clinical course of MS, disease duration and degree of disability. The study was conducted on 79 MS patients that underwent inpatient rehabilitation at the Lipik Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation in the period from August 15, 2014 to February 15, 2015. PBA is a term us...
Source: Acta Clinica Croatica - November 30, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Acta Clin Croat Source Type: research

The double roles of the prostaglandin E2 EP2 receptor in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of stroke, bring high morbidity and mortality to human beings. Multiple studies indicate that neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity resulted from the degradation products of blood clot play vital roles in ICH-induced secondary brain injury, which contributes to deterioration of neurological outcome. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a type of prostanoids commonly up-regulated in these progresses, is known to modulate numerous cellular and molecular processes and involve in various diseases, including ICH, cerebral ischemic, Alzheimer's disease (...
Source: Current Drug Targets - December 9, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Luo X, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Huang Q, Xie Z, Cheng Y Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Endovascular repair of pseudoaneurysms after open surgery for aortic coarctation
CONCLUSIONS Endovascular treatment of post-coarctation pseudoaneurysms is feasible in elective and emergency cases, yielding durable results in the long term. Due to anatomical specifics, implantation may be challenging and requires careful procedural planning. On-site cardiothoracic surgery backup is essential in case open conversion is required.
Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery - December 26, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Kotelis, D., Bischoff, M. S., Rengier, F., Ruhparwar, A., Gorenflo, M., Böckler, D. Tags: Pericardium Adult Cardiac Source Type: research

Serotonin 1A Receptors on Astrocytes as a Potential Target for Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.
We reported recently that stimulation of serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors on astrocytes promoted astrocyte proliferation and upregulated antioxidative molecules to act as a neuroprotectant in parkinsonian mice. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability, that are based on selective loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, and with non-motor symptoms such as orthostatic hypotension and constipation based on peripheral neurodegeneration. Although dopaminergic therapy for managing the motor disability associated with PD is being assessed ...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - January 21, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Miyazaki I, Asanuma M Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Multiple faces of protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1): structure, function, and diseases
Publication date: Available online 9 March 2016 Source:Neurochemistry International Author(s): Yun-Hong Li, Nan Zhang, Ya-Nan Wang, Ying Shen, Yin Wang Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) has received considerable attention because it is the only protein that contains both PSD-95/DlgA/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain and Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain. Through PDZ and BAR domains, PICK1 binds to a large number of membrane proteins and lipid molecules, and is thereby of multiple functions. PICK1 is widely expressed in various tissues, particularly abundant in the brain and testis. In the central nervous system (CNS), PICK...
Source: Neurochemistry International - March 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research