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Condition: ALS

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Total 644 results found since Jan 2013.

Experimental stroke drug also shows promise for people with Lou Gehrig's disease
(University of Southern California - Health Sciences) Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California neuroscientists have found that early muscle impairment related to Lou Gehrig's disease, also called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, in mice is proportional to the degree of damage to the blood-spinal cord barrier, which protects the central nervous system from toxins. Repairing damage to and restoring the blood-spinal cord barrier's integrity with an experimental neurovascular medicine being studied in human stroke patients appears to delay disease progression.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - March 3, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
ALS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or Lou Gehrig's disease information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).
Source: NINDS Disorders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 26, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular injury as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Conclusions Cerebrovascular injury from a variety of causes, rather than the presence of AVM or the associated embolisation procedure per se, may be a risk factor for ALS within the context of a more complex multiple-hit model of pathogenesis.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Turner, M. R., Goldacre, R., Talbot, K., Goldacre, M. J. Tags: Open access, Genetics, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, Spinal cord, Stroke Neurodegeneration Source Type: research

An Open-Label Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Dextromethorphan/Quinidine for Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA) in Dementia, Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury: PRISM II Combined Cohort Results for Patients Aged ≥65 Years
Introduction: Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a neurologic condition characterized by laughing and crying episodes that are uncontrollable, disruptive, and generally incongruent with social context and prevailing mood. PBA can occur secondary to a variety of unrelated neurologic conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke and Alzheimer's disease. It is estimated that approximately 9% of nursing home residents have symptoms suggestive of PBA.1,2 Dextromethorphan/quinidine (DM/Q) is the only treatment FDA-approved for PBA; approval was based on phase 3 studies in patients with PBA secondary to amyotrophic lateral sc...
Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - March 1, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Flora Hammond, David N. Alexander, Andrew J. Cutler, Stephen D'Amico, Rachelle S. Doody, William Sauve, Richard D. Zorowitz, Charles S. Davis, Paul Shin, Fred Ledon, Charles Yonan, Andrea E. Formella, Joao Siffert Source Type: research

How is edaravone effective against acute ischemic stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
Authors: Watanabe K, Tanaka M, Yuki S, Hirai M, Yamamoto Y Abstract Edaravone is a low-molecular-weight antioxidant drug targeting peroxyl radicals among many types of reactive oxygen species. Because of its amphiphilicity, it scavenges both lipid- and water-soluble peroxyl radicals by donating an electron to the radical. Thus, it inhibits the oxidation of lipids by scavenging chain-initiating water-soluble peroxyl radicals and chain-carrying lipid peroxyl radicals. In 2001, it was approved in Japan as a drug to treat acute-phase cerebral infarction, and then in 2015 it was approved for amyotrophic lateral sclerosi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition - January 28, 2018 Category: Nutrition Tags: J Clin Biochem Nutr Source Type: research

Dextromethorphan/Quinidine for Pseudobulbar Affect Following Stroke: Safety and Effectiveness in the PRISM II Trial
Dextromethorphan (DM)/quinidine (Q) was approved for pseudobulbar affect (PBA) treatment based upon efficacy and safety trials in patients with PBA secondary to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or multiple sclerosis. The PRISM II trial evaluated DM/Q as PBA treatment in patients with stroke, dementia or traumatic brain injury.
Source: PM and R - July 2, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Richard D. Zorowitz, David N. Alexander, Andrea E. Formella, Fred Ledon, Charles Davis, Joao Siffert Source Type: research

Dynamic changes and mislocalizations of neurodegenerative disease-related proteins in mice stroke model.
In this study, we report that RBPs increased significantly compared with the sham group (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 vs sham), with nuclear depletion and cytoplasmic deposition in neurons in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. On the other hand, such nucleocytoplasmic mislocalization were not observed in astrocytes. We provide evidence of the alteration of these neurodegeneration-related RBPs after cerebral ischemia, suggesting a potential association between cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases. PMID: 32360098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - April 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu X, Yamashita T, Shi X, Bian Y, Bian Z, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Ohta Y, Abe K Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Treatment of pseudobulbar affect (PBA) in a patient with a history of traumatic brain injury, partial brain resection, and brainstem stroke: a case report
ConclusionsThis case provides anecdotal evidence for the efficacy of dextromethorphan/quinidine in the treatment of pseudobulbar affect with remarkably swift and complete cessation of symptoms. As a secondary point, it is worth noting that our  patient had experienced two devastating neurological traumas, both in anatomical areas that have been implicated in the corticopontine–cerebellar circuit thought to be responsible for pseudobulbar affect. However, only the second trauma, an acute left pontine infarction, produced symptoms of emo tional disinhibition. The authors hope that reporting this case will provide both con...
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - December 4, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI) in paralysis
Publication date: Available online 8 January 2015 Source:Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Author(s): U. Chaudhary , N. Birbaumer , M.R. Curado Introduction Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) use brain activity to control external devices, facilitating paralyzed patients to interact with the environment. In this review, we focus on the current advances of non-invasive BMIs for communication in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for restoration of motor impairment after severe stroke. BMI for ALS patients BMI represents a promising strategy to establish communication with paralyzed ALS patien...
Source: Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine - January 9, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) in paralysis
Publication date: Available online 8 January 2015 Source:Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Author(s): U. Chaudhary , N. Birbaumer , M.R. Curado Introduction Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) use brain activity to control external devices, facilitating paralyzed patients to interact with the environment. In this review, we focus on the current advances of non-invasive BMIs for communication in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for restoration of motor impairment after severe stroke. BMI for ALS patients BMI represents a promising strategy to establish communication with paralyzed ALS patien...
Source: Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine - January 24, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Neuromuscular and Muscle Metabolic Functions in MELAS Before and After Resistance Training: A Case Study
Conclusion To conclude, this study suggests a preserved plasticity in the skeletal muscle of a patient with MELAS. More importantly, Resistance Training appears to be a safe and effective method to increase skeletal muscle function in this patient population, and this effect is mediated by both neuromuscular and mitochondrial adaptations. However, particular attention and caution is needed in the interpretation of the data of this single case study and further studies are warranted including larger sample of patients. Ethics Statement For this case study the participant caregiver provided written informed consent. Auth...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Relationship Between Bone Mass And Muscle Weakness In Chronic Neurological Diseases (P3.036)
Conclusions: This study demonstrates greater commitment tendency to bone density in regions with weakness, compared to those without it, this could be related to disuse. This series had insufficient vitamin D. The neurologist should consider bone mass evaluation in patients with chronic muscle weakness.Disclosure: Dr. Gutierrez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rodriguez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Garcea has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rey has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lepera has nothing to disclose. Dr. Monica has nothing to disclose. Dr. Monica has nothing to disclose. Dr. Eduardo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Berenice has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Gutierrez, M., Rodriguez, G. E., Garcea, D., Rey, R., Lepera, S., Monica, E., Monica, D., Eduardo, K., Berenice, S. Tags: General Neurology II Source Type: research

PRISM Registry: A Novel Tool To Estimate the Prevalence of Pseudobulbar Affect Symptoms (P03.215)
CONCLUSIONS: PRISM provides novel insight into PBA symptom prevalence by prospectively evaluating a large number of patients across diagnoses and clinical settings. Follow-on studies are planned.Supported by: Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Disclosure: Dr. Brooks has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec, Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Acorda Therapeutics, Cytokinetics, Synapse, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Dr. Brooks has received research support from Biogen Idec, Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Cytokinetics, Neuraltus, GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., and the National Institute of Neurolog...
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Brooks, B., Crumpacker, D., Fellus, J., Kantor, D., Kaye, R. Tags: P03 Multiple Sclerosis: Quality of Life and MS Symptoms Source Type: research