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Total 644 results found since Jan 2013.

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Therapies in Ischemic Stroke: An Update Based on Preclinical Research
The public and social health burdens of ischemic stroke have been increasing worldwide. Hyperglycemia leads to a greater risk of stroke. This increased risk is commonly seen among patients with diabetes and is in connection with worsened clinical conditions and higher mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Therapy for stroke focuses mainly on restoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) and ameliorating neurological impairment caused by stroke. Although choices of stroke treatment remain limited, much advance have been achieved in assisting patients in recovering from ischemic stroke, along with progress of recanal...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dextromethorphan/Quinidine for Pseudobulbar Affect Following Stroke: Safety and Effectiveness in the PRISM II Trial
ConclusionsDM/Q effectively treated PBA and was associated with global and functional improvement; adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of DM/Q.
Source: PMandR - July 5, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

FUS aggregation following ischemic stroke favors brain astrocyte activation through inducing excessive autophagy
In conclusion, our results reveal the important contribution of FUS aggregates in promoting astrocyte activation in stroke pathology independent of its transcriptional regulation activity. We thus propose that aggregation of FUS is an important pathological process in ischemic stroke and targeting FUS aggregates might be of unique therapeutic value in the development of future treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.PMID:35718207 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114144
Source: Experimental Neurology - June 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Shusheng Wu Yuye Yin Longfei Du Source Type: research

PRISM II: Effectiveness of Dextromethorphan 20 mg/Quinidine 10 mg (NUEDEXTA(R)) for Treatment of Pseudobulbar Affect Secondary to Dementia, Stroke, or Traumatic Brain Injury: Combined Results of a Multicenter Open-Label Study (P2.225)
Conclusion: The open-label PRISM II study supports DM/Q effectiveness for PBA irrespective of underlying etiology. Study supported by: Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Disclosure: Dr. Siffert has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hammond has nothing to disclose. Dr. Alexander has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cutler has received personal compensation for activities with Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Ortho-McNeil-Janssen, Otsuka, Pamlab, Pfizer, Shire, and Sunovion. Dr. D'Amico has received personal compensation for activities with Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dr. Doody has receive...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Siffert, J., Hammond, F., Alexander, D., Cutler, A., D'Amico, S., Doody, R., Sauve, W., Zorowitz, R., Davis, C., Shin, P., Ledon, F., Yonan, C., Formella, A. Tags: Aging and Dementia: Therapeutics Source Type: research

A Hallmark Clinical Study of Cord Blood Therapy in Adults with Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract The therapeutic application of human umbilical cord blood cells has been an area of great interest for at least the last 25 years. Currently, cord blood cells are approved for reconstitution of the bone marrow following myeloablation in both young and old patients with myeloid malignancies and other blood cancers. Translational studies investigating alternative uses of cord blood have also shown that these cells not only stimulate neurogenesis in the aged brain but are also potentially therapeutic in the treatment of adult neurodegenerative disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's di...
Source: Cell Transplantation - June 10, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Sanberg PR, Ehrhart J Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Dysphagia in Stroke, Neurodegenerative Disease, and Advanced Dementia
This article reviews stroke, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and advanced dementia. Approaches to screening and evaluation, recognizing sentinel indicators of decline that increase aspiration risk, and options for managing global laryngeal dysfunction are also presented.
Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America - October 14, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Kenneth W. Altman, Amanda Richards, Leanne Goldberg, Steven Frucht, Daniel J. McCabe Tags: Special Populations and Considerations Source Type: research

Post-Stroke Pseudobulbar Affect—Do We Know Enough?
Introduction: Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is characterized by uncontrolled crying and/or laughing which may be disproportionate or inappropriate to the social context.1 Although, the frequency of PBA in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) has been estimated to be as high as 50%, the disorder can be co-morbid with several other neurological conditions including stroke.2 An estimate of the prevalence of PBA among stroke patients is around 27%.3 The impact of PBA is substantial for patient and families by adding restrictions to patient's social interactions and lowering the quality of life.
Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - March 1, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Rushiraj C. Laiwala, Juliet A. Glover, Shilpa Srinivasan Source Type: research

Therapeutic Opportunities and Delivery Strategies for Brain Revascularization in Stroke, Neurodegeneration, and Aging
Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Apr;74(2):439-461. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000418.ABSTRACTCentral nervous system (CNS) diseases, especially acute ischemic events and neurodegenerative disorders, constitute a public health problem with no effective treatments to allow a persistent solution. Failed therapies targeting neuronal recovery have revealed the multifactorial and intricate pathophysiology underlying such CNS disorders as ischemic stroke, Alzheimeŕs disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, vascular Parkisonism, vascular dementia, and aging, in which cerebral microvasculature impairment seems to play a key role. In fact, a redu...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - March 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Idoia Gallego Ilia Villate-Beitia Laura Saenz-Del-Burgo Gustavo Puras Jos é Luis Pedraz Source Type: research

MRI in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: more than a promise
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the deadliest form of motor neuron diseases, physicians observe the spread of non-painful paralysis with intact sensory function often presenting as asymmetric muscle atrophy and brisk or maintained reflexes. Using Awaji criteria to estimate upper and lower motor neuron signs in bulbar, cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions, and the highly sensitive electromyography (EMG), they diagnose amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a majority of the cases. The spread of symptoms is attributed to spinal motor neuron pathology, but experienced ALS neurologists will agree that a slowing of movement,...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Grosskreutz, J. Tags: Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, Spinal cord, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age Editorial commentaries Source Type: research