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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Rac1 GTPase is a critical factor in phagocytosis in the large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea by interacting with tropomyosin
Publication date: Available online 11 May 2019Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Fang Han, Wanbo Li, Xiande Liu, Dongling Zhang, Lanping Liu, Zhiyong WangAbstractThe Rho family GTPase Rac1 acts as a molecular switch for signal transduction to regulate various cellular functions. Here, a Rac1 homolog (LcRac1) was identified in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), one of the most economically important marine fishes. The LcRac1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Subsequently the specific antibody was raised using the purified fusion protein (GST-LcRac1). LcRac1 was ubiquitously expresse...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - May 16, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Cellular labeling of endogenous retrovirus replication (CLEVR) reveals de novo insertions of the gypsy retrotransposable element in cell culture and in both neurons and glial cells of aging fruit flies
We describe a novel approach termed cellular labeling of endogenous retrovirus replication (CLEVR), which reports replication of the gypsy element within specific cells in vivo inDrosophila. The gypsy-CLEVR reporter reveals gypsy replication both in cell culture and in individual neurons and glial cells of the aging adult fly. We also demonstrate that the gypsy-CLEVR replication rate is increased when the short interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing system is genetically disrupted. This CLEVR strategy makes use of universally conserved features of retroviruses and should be widely applicable to other LTR retrotransposons, endog...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - May 15, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Yung-Heng Chang Source Type: research
Induction of let-7e gene expression attenuates oncogenic phenotype in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells through targeting of DCLK1 regulation
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Alisa Khodadadi Kohlan, Massoud Saidijam, Razieh Amini, Pouria Samadi, Rezvan NajafiAbstractAimsMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that negatively control gene expression at the translational level. There are compelling evidences indicating that the expression of let-7e is downregulated in various cancers, however, the role of let-7e in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its mechanism has been remained unknown. Here, we investigated the potential role of let-7e in regulating CRC cells phenotypes.Main methodsLet-7e and DCLK1 siRNA were transfecte...
Source: Life Sciences - May 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-320c inhibits development of osteoarthritis through downregulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Shu Hu, Guping Mao, Ziji Zhang, Peihui Wu, Xingzhao Wen, Weiming Liao, Zhiqi ZhangAbstractAimsOsteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of deformity in aging people. Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs and Wnt signaling pathway are associated with its pathogenesis. We aimed to determine whether microRNA-320c inhibits the development of osteoarthritis by suppressing Wnt signaling pathway.Materials and methodsMiR-320c and β-catenin expression was assessed in human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) model of chondrogenesis and in normal and OA p...
Source: Life Sciences - May 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Downregulation of endothelin A receptor (ETaR) ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion injury by increasing nitric oxide production
Publication date: Available online 7 May 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Long Li, Xia Wang, Long Zheng, Jiawei Li, Ming Xu, Ruiming Rong, Tongyu Zhu, Yichen JiaAbstractAimsTo investigate the protective effects of downregulating ETaR expression on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI).Main methodsThe renal IRI model was generated by clamping the left renal artery for 60 min followed by nephrectomy of the right kidney. ETaR siRNA were perfused through the renal artery during ischemia. HE staining was performed to assess histological injury. PCR was performed to determine the expression of NF-κb, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6...
Source: Life Sciences - May 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Dynamic balance between vesicle transport and microtubule growth enables neurite outgrowth
by Arjun Singh Yadaw, Mustafa M. Siddiq, Vera Rabinovich, Rosa Tolentino, Jens Hansen, Ravi Iyengar
Whole cell responses involve multiple subcellular processes (SCPs). To understand how balance between SCPs controls the dynamics of whole cell responses we studied neurite outgrowth in rat primary cortical neurons in culture. We used a combination of dynamical models and experiments to understand the conditions that permitted growth at a specified velocity and when aberrant growth could lead to the formation of dystrophic bulbs. We hypothesized that dystrophic bulb formation is due to quantitative imbalances between SCPs. S...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - April 30, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Arjun Singh Yadaw Source Type: research
CC chemokine receptor 2 functions in osteoblastic transformation of valvular interstitial cells
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Enyi Zhu, Zihao Liu, Wanbing He, Bingqing Deng, Xiaorong Shu, Zhijian He, Xiaoying Wu, Xiao Ke, Ruqiong NieAbstractAimsCalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) emerges as a challenging clinical issue, which is associated with high cardiovascular mortality. It has been demonstrated that osteoblastic transformation of AVICs is a key mechanism of CAVD and C-C motif chemokine receptors (CCRs) may favor this process. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether CCRs were involved in osteoblastic transformation of AVICs during the development CAVD.Main methodsW...
Source: Life Sciences - April 28, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
CHK1-CENP B/MAD2 is associated with mild oxidative damage-induced sex chromosome aneuploidy of male mouse embryos during in vitro fertilization.
Abstract
A high incidence of aneuploidy is observed in in vitro fertilization (IVF)-derived embryos, but the formation and repair mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of slightly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by in vitro culture conditions on embryo aneuploidy and the roles of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) protein, mitotic arrest-deficient 2 (MAD2), and the DNA damage response (DDR) protein, checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), in aneuploidy repair. By assessing chromosome abnormalities via DAPI staining, karyotype analysis and next-generation sequencing technology, we demons...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 27, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Huang Y, Ha S, Li Z, Li J, Xiao W Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
TLR4 activation alters labile heme levels to regulate BACH1 and heme oxygenase-1 expression in macrophages.
In conclusion, alterations of labile heme levels in macrophages following TLR4 stimulation play a crucial role in BACH1-mediated regulation of HO-1 expression.
PMID: 31026585 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 22, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Sudan K, Vijayan V, Madyaningrana K, Gueler F, Igarashi K, Foresti R, Motterlini R, Immenschuh S Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Ku80 promotes melanoma growth and regulates antitumor effect of melatonin by targeting HIF1-α dependent PDK-1 signaling pathway
In this study, we screened a siRNA library targeting 6024 human genes and identified Ku80 as a potential therapeutic target in melanoma cells. Knockdown of Ku80 significantly suppressed melanoma cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, as well as enhanced the antitumor effect of melatonin in melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Ku80, however, promoted melanoma growth and increased the insensitivity of melanoma cells to melatonin. Mechanistically, we found that Ku80 bound to the PDK1 promoter and activated the transcription of PDK1. Moreover, we showed that the binding of Ku80 at the PDK-1 promoter was HIF1-α ...
Source: Redox Biology - April 22, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Synergistic effects of 7-O-geranylquercetin and siRNAs on the treatment of human breast cancer
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Jiaxin Zuo, Yameng Jiang, Enxia Zhang, Yuling Chen, Ze Liang, Jie Zhu, Yinan Zhao, Hong Xu, Guoliang Liu, Jiasi Liu, Wei Wang, Shubiao Zhang, Yuhong ZhenAbstractAimsTo investigate the antitumor effect of 7-O-geranylquercetin (GQ) combining with survivin siRNA (siSuvi) or IL-10 siRNA (siIL-10) to breast cancer.Main methodsXenograft tumor model was established by subcutaneously inoculating human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in BALB/c nude mice. Transfection efficiency of siRNA mediated by cationic liposome CDO14 in MCF-7 cells and tumor bearing mice...
Source: Life Sciences - April 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Chlorogenic acid promotes the Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidative pathway by activating p21Waf1/Cip1 to resist dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in osteoblastic cells.
Abstract
In a previous study, p21Waf1/Cip1 (p21) promoted activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, which has an important role in regulating apoptosis triggered by oxidative stress and inhibiting development of osteoporosis. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has a strong protective effect on osteoporosis, closely related to activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. However, whether CGA can resist apoptosis by regulating p21 and consequently promote activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway needs further investigation. MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with dexamethasone (Dex), with or without ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 16, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Han D, Gu X, Gao J, Wang Z, Liu G, Barkema HW, Han B Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Inhibition of Brd4 alleviates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress by blocking FoxO4-mediated oxidative stress
In conclusion, our results proved that Brd4 inhibition blocked renal apoptotic and ERS protein expression by preventing FoxO4-dependent ROS generation through the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating that Brd4 could be a potential therapeutic target for renal I/R injury.Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - April 13, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Knockdown of Delta-like 3 restricts lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, migration and invasion of A2058 melanoma cells via blocking Twist1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Publication date: Available online 11 April 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Xiaojie Ding, Fuyao Li, Li ZhangAbstractAimsTo investigate the effects and mechanisms of DLL3 in inflammation-mediated A2058 melanoma cell invasion and metastasis.Materials and methodsMelanoma A2058 cells was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with or without transfection of DLL3 siRNA, or DLL3 overexpression vector, or Twist1 siRNA. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell invasion assay. The production of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 was measured by ELISA. The expression of Notch signaling-relate...
Source: Life Sciences - April 13, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
HIV-1 Nef-GCC185 interaction regulates assembly of cellular protein complexes at TGN targeting MHC-I downregulation
Publication date: Available online 3 April 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Sushila Kumari, Manjeet Kumar, Richa Verma, Jimut Kanti Ghosh, Raj Kamal TripathiAbstractAimHIV-1 Nef downregulates surface MHC-I to protect the infected cells from CTLs-mediated killing. Although MHC-I downregulation has been extensively studied, the Nef-dependent assembly of the multi-protein complex and subsequent pathways activation has not yet been well explored. The present study is aimed for the identification of Nef-mediated sequential recruitment of cellular proteins that constitute the functional multi-protein complex, required for the...
Source: Life Sciences - April 5, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
