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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Nrf2 depletion in the context of loss-of-function Keap1 leads to mitolysosome accumulation
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Sep 13:S0891-5849(23)00627-5. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.009. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTranscription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the principal determinant of the cellular redox homeostasis, contributing to mitochondrial function, integrity and bioenergetics. The main negative regulator of Nrf2 is Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), a substrate adaptor for Cul3/Rbx1 ubiquitin ligase, which continuously targets Nrf2 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Loss-of-function mutations in Keap1 occur frequently in lung cancer, leading ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - September 15, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sharadha Dayalan Naidu Plamena R Angelova Elena V Knatko Chiara Leonardi Miroslav Novak Laureano de la Vega Ian G Ganley Andrey Y Abramov Albena T Dinkova-Kostova Source Type: research
Moving targets: Mechanisms regulating siRNA production and DNA methylation during plant development
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Aug 18;75:102435. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102435. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDNA methylation is a conserved modification that must be precisely regulated during development to facilitate its roles in silencing transposable elements and regulating gene expression. In plants, DNA methylation changes during reproduction are widely documented and, in many cases, the underlying mechanisms are well understood. In somatic tissues, the diversity of methylation patterns are only recently emerging but they are often associated with the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway. Here, we discuss advanc...
Source: Current Opinion in Plant Biology - August 20, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Laura M Martins Julie A Law Source Type: research
Oxidative stress and inflammation are mediated via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jul 12:S0891-5849(23)00543-9. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMembranous nephropathy (MN) patients are diagnosed by the presence of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) before they progress to renal failure. However, the subepithelium-like immunocomplex deposit-mediated downstream molecular pathways are poorly understood. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), NF-ƙB and Nrf2 pathways play central roles in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease. However, their mutual effects on MN require further examination. Thus, we investigated the effect o...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 14, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Yan-Ni Wang Hua Miao Xiao-Yong Yu Yan Guo Wei Su Fei Liu Gang Cao Ying-Yong Zhao Source Type: research
Evaluation of the role of Sigma 1 receptor and Cullin3 in retinal photoreceptor cells
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jun 14:S0891-5849(23)00496-3. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.010. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSigma 1 receptor (Sig1R), a pluripotent modulator of cell survival, is neuroprotective in models of retinal degeneration when activated by the high-affinity, high-specificity ligand (+)-pentazocine ((+)-PTZ). The molecular mechanisms of Sig1R-mediated retinal neuroprotection are under investigation. We previously reported that the antioxidant regulatory transcription factor Nrf2 may be involved in Sig1R-mediated retinal photoreceptor cell (PRC) rescue. Cullin 3 (Cul3) is a component of the Nrf2-Ke...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - June 16, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jing Wang Shannon R Barwick Haiyan Xiao Sylvia B Smith Source Type: research
Essential and recurrent roles for hairpin RNAs in silencing < i > de novo < /i > sex chromosome conflict in < i > Drosophila simulans < /i >
by Jeffrey Vedanayagam, Marion Herbette, Holly Mudgett, Ching-Jung Lin, Chun-Ming Lai, Caitlin McDonough-Goldstein, Stephen Dorus, Benjamin Loppin, Colin Meiklejohn, Rapha ëlle Dubruille, Eric C. Lai
Meiotic drive loci distort the normally equal segregation of alleles, which benefits their own transmission even in the face of severe fitness costs to their host organism. However, relatively little is known about the molecular identity of meiotic drivers, their strategies of action, and mechanisms that can suppress their activity. Here, we present data from the fruitflyDrosophila simulans that address these questions. We s...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - June 8, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jeffrey Vedanayagam Source Type: research
AMPK negatively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by controlling oxidative stress
This study aimed to clarify the mechanistic connection between AMPK and osteoclast differentiation, and the potential role of AMPK in the anti-resorptive effects of several phytochemicals. We found that receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, osteoclastic gene expression, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB were promoted in cells transfected with AMPK siRNA. AMPK knockdown led to defective synthesis of heme oxygenase-1, an antioxidant enzyme, and the upstream mediator, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2. Furthermore, ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - June 3, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Miori Tanaka Hirofumi Inoue Nobuyuki Takahashi Mariko Uehara Source Type: research
Metformin protects against retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury through AMPK-mediated mitochondrial fusion
This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of metformin against retinal I/R injury and its underlying mechanism. I/R induced reduction in retina thickness and cell number in ganglion cell layer, and metformin alleviated I/R-induced retinal injury. Both retinal I/R and simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SIR) in R28 cells down-regulated expression of mitochondrial fusion protein Mfn2 and OPA1, which led to mitochondrial fission. Metformin also alleviated damage in R28 cells, and reversed the alteration in Mfn2 and OPA1, mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption-induced by I/R or SIR as w...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 30, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Kun Zhang Tao Wang Gui-Feng Sun Jin-Xing Xiao Li-Ping Jiang Fang-Fang Tou Xin-Hui Qu Xiao-Jian Han Source Type: research
P2X7R/AKT/mTOR signaling mediates high glucose-induced decrease in podocyte autophagy
We examined the expression of all purinergic receptors in the renal cortex and found that only purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) expression was significantly increased in the renal cortex of wild-type diabetic mice and that the P2X7R protein partially co-localized with podocytes. Compared with P2X7R(-/-) non-diabetic mice, P2X7R(-/-) diabetic mice showed stable expression of the podocyte marker protein podocin in the renal cortex. The renal expression of microtubule associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC-3II) in wild-type diabetic mice was significantly lower than in wild-type controls, whereas the expression of LC-3II ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 28, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Cheng Qian Jiayue Lu Xiajing Che Lulin Min Minzhou Wang Ahui Song Renhua Lu Leyi Gu Kewei Xie Source Type: research
ERK/PKM2 Is Mediated in the Warburg Effect and Cell Proliferation in Arsenic-Induced Human L-02 Hepatocytes
This study aimed to investigate the potential role of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) in arsenic-induced cell proliferation. L-02 cells were treated with 0.2 and 0.4 μmol/L As3+, glycolysis inhibitor (2-deoxy-D-glucose,2-DG), ERK inhibitor [1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(2-aminophenylthio)-butadiene, U0126] or transfected with PKM2 plasmid. Cell viability, proliferation, lactate acid production, and glucose intake capacity were determined by CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, lactic acid kit and 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) amino]-D-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake kit, respectivel...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - May 26, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Fanshuo Yin Xin Zhang Zaihong Zhang Meichen Zhang Yunyi Yin Yanmei Yang Yanhui Gao Source Type: research
