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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered by Soyasapogenol B promotes apoptosis and autophagy in colorectal cancer
Publication date: Available online 14 December 2018Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Luping Wang, Lu Yun, Xiaojun Wang, Liying Sha, Luning Wang, Yingying Sui, Hui ZhangAbstractAimColorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human malignancy which accounts for 600,000 deaths annually at the global level. Soyasapogenol B (Soy B), an ingredient of soybean, has been found to exert anti-proliferative activities in vitro in human breast cancer cells. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Soy B in suppressing CRC.Methods and materialsThe effect of Soy B on cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay...
Source: Life Sciences - December 14, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Inhibition of HOXB7 suppresses p27-mediated acute lymphoblastic leukemia by regulating basic fibroblast growth factor and ERK1/2
In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of HOXB7 in cell viability and cell cycle in ALL cell lines.Materials and methodsPeripheral blood lymphocytes was isolated by Isopycnic Ficoll-Hypaque solution; Relative mRNA expression of HOXB7 was measured by RT-qPCR; Relative protein expressions of HOXB7, p27, bFGF, pERK1/2 were tested by Western blot assay; Cell viability was tested by MTT; Cell proliferation was detected by BrdU assay; 2.8. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.Key findingsHOXB7 was significantly elevated in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with ALL. HOXB7 was inhibited by HOXB7 siRNA tran...
Source: Life Sciences - December 9, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from triangle-shell pearl mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii)
In this study, we cloned and functionally analyzed a short PGRP (HcPGRP2) from the triangle-shell pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. The full-length cDNA sequence of HcPGRP2 gene was 1185 bp containing an open reading frame of 882 bp encoding a 293 amino acid protein. HcPGRP2 was predicted to have two SH3b domains and a conserved C-terminal PGRP domain. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed that HcPGRP2 was expressed in all examined tissues and its expression was induced most significantly by Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the hepatopancreas and gills. RNA interference by siRNA results revealed that HcPG...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - December 7, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Solid Phase Synthesis and Self ‐Assembly of Higher‐Order siRNAs and their Bioconjugates
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Chemical Biology and Drug Design - November 27, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Christopher N. Cultrara,
Sunil Shah,
Stephen D. Kozuch,
Mayurbhai R. Patel,
David Sabatino Tags: Special Issue Article Source Type: research
Polydatin attenuates spinal cord injury in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and microglia apoptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Publication date: Available online 24 November 2018Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Runxiao Lv, Lili Du, Lixin Zhang, Zhiqiang ZhangAbstractAimsSpinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating central lesions, resulting in serious locomotor deficit. Polydatin is a glucoside of resveratrol with proven anti-cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether polydatin could alleviate SCI in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms.Materials and methodsSCI rats induced by a weight-drop device were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 20 or 40...
Source: Life Sciences - November 24, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin regulate metabolism through different multiplex thiol switches
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2018Source: Redox BiologyAuthor(s): MJ López-Grueso, González-Ojeda, R Requejo, McDonagh, CA Fuentes-Almagro, J Muntané, JA Bárcena, CA PadillaAbstractThe aim of the present study was to define the role of Trx and Grx on metabolic thiol redox regulation and identify their protein and metabolite targets. The hepatocarcinoma-derived HepG2 cell line under both normal and oxidative/nitrosative conditions by overexpression of NO synthase (NOS3) was used as experimental model. Grx1 or Trx1 silencing caused conspicuous changes in the redox proteome reflected by significant change...
Source: Redox Biology - November 17, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Overexpression of Forkhead box C1 attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2018Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Shuyue Xia, Jian Qu, Hui Jia, Wei He, Jing Li, Long Zhao, Mingqing Mao, Yan ZhaoAbstractAimChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease caused by cigarette smoke, which has been emerging as a serious health problem worldwide. The aim of this study is to explore the mRNA expression profile of lung tissues from the COPD rats and to characterize the role of Forkhead box C1 (Foxc1) in COPD.Main methodsWistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke during 16 weeks for COPD model establishment. The microarray was used to identify the d...
Source: Life Sciences - November 12, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-499-5p regulates skeletal myofiber specification via NFATc1/MEF2C pathway and Thrap1/MEF2C axis
This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-499-5p (miR-499-5p) in the regulation of skeletal myofiber specification and its underlying mechanisms.Main methodsMouse C2C12 cells were used in this study. Cyclosporin A and siRNA targeting Thrap1 (si-Thrap1) were used to inhibit NFATc1/MEF2C pathway and knockdown Thrap1, respectively. The expressions of miR-499-5p and genes were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis.Key findingsOverexpression of miR-499-5p promoted oxidative fiber gene expression and repressed glycolytic fiber gene expression, affecting several factors associated with fiber...
Source: Life Sciences - November 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
ERK and miRNA-1 target Cx43 expression and phosphorylation to modulate the vascular protective effect of angiotensin II
In this study, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of AngII are related to regulation of gap junctions (GJs) and connexin43 (Cx43), and the implication of MAPK signaling and microRNA (miR-1) in this process.Key findingsOur results show that after hemorrhagic shock or hypoxia, the blockade of GJs or knockdown of Cx43 inhibits the AngII-induced increase in vascular reactivity of superior mesenteric arteries and the contractile response of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). AngII treatment increases Cx43 expression and phosphorylation at Ser262, and restores gap-junctional communication (GJIC) between VSMCs afte...
Source: Life Sciences - November 9, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Altered expression of the core circadian clock component PERIOD2 contributes to osteoarthritis-like changes in chondrocyte activity.
Abstract
In osteoarthritis, chondrocytes undergo a phenotype shift characterised by reduced expression of SOX9 (sry-box 9) and increased production of cartilage-degrading enzymes, e.g. MMP13 (matrix metalloproteinase 13) and ADAMTS5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5). The chondrocyte clock is also altered. Specifically, the peak level of PER2 is elevated, but peak level of BMAL1 reduced in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased PER2 expression causes disease-associated changes in chondrocyte activity and to identify whether known ri...
Source: Chronobiology International - November 7, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Rong J, Zhu M, Munro J, Cornish J, McCarthy GM, Dalbeth N, Poulsen RC Tags: Chronobiol Int Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of p38 MAPK from blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) and its expression after ammonia stress, and lipopolysaccharide and bacterial challenge
Publication date: January 2019Source: Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Volume 84Author(s): Chun-Nuan Zhang, Samad Rahimnejad, Kang-Le Lu, Wen-Hao Zhou, Ji-Liang ZhangAbstractp38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an important protein which plays a key role in regulating the innate immunity, so exploring its molecular characterization is helpful in understanding the resistance against microbial infections in cultured fish. Here, a full-length cDNA of p38 MAPK was cloned from liver of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) which covered 2419 bp with an open reading frame of 1086 bp encoding 361 amino acids. p38 MAP...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - November 4, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Mini Review: Revisiting Mobile RNA Silencing In Plants
This article revisits our present understanding of intercellular and systemic non-cell autonomous RNA silencing, and summarises current debates on RNA signals for mobile silencing. In particular, we discuss new evidence on siRNA mobility, a DCL2-dependent genetic network for mobile silencing and its potential biological relevance as well as 22 nt siRNA being a mobile signal for non-cell-autonomous silencing in both Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana. This sets up a new trend in unravelling genetic components and small RNA signal molecules for mobile silencing in (across) plants and other organisms of different kingdom...
Source: Plant Science - November 3, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Decrease in DNA methylation 1 (DDM1) is required for the formation of m CHH islands in maize.
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a crucial role in suppressing mobilization of transposable elements and regulation of gene expression. A number of studies have indicated that DNA methylation pathways and patterns exhibit distinct properties in different species, including Arabidopsis, rice, and maize. Here, we characterized the function of DDM1 in regulating genome-wide DNA methylation in maize. Two homologs of ZmDDM1 are abundantly expressed in the embryo and their simultaneous disruption caused embryo lethality with abnormalities in cell proliferation from the early stage of kernel development. We establish that ...
Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology - November 2, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Long JC, Xia AA, Liu JH, Jing JL, Wang YZ, Qi CY, He Y Tags: J Integr Plant Biol Source Type: research
Sphingosine 1-phosphate promotes mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cardioprotection against myocardial infarction via ERK1/2-MMP-9 and Akt signaling axis
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2018Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Ruirui Chen, Xiqiang Cai, Jing Liu, Baobao Bai, Xue LiAbstractAimsThe sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine 1‑phosphate (S1P) has emerged as a potential cardioprotective molecule against ischemic heart disease. Moreover, S1P triggers mobilization and homing of bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells into the damaged heart. However, it remains elusive whether S1P promotes mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-mediated cardioprotection against ischemic heart diseases.Main methodsAdipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) were obtained from GFP transgenic ...
Source: Life Sciences - October 24, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid Inhibits Growth of Xenograft Tumors in Mice Bearing Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells (BxPC-3) Transfected with Delta-5-Desaturase shRNA
In this study, we have further investigated the anti-tumor effects of D5D-knockdown and the resulting intensified COX-2-catalyzed DGLA peroxidation in subcutaneous xenograft tumors. Four-week old female nude mice (Jackson Laboratory, J:Nu-007850) were injected with human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 or its D5D knockdown counterpart (via shRNA), followed by 4-week treatments of: vehicle control, DGLA supplementation (8 mg/mouse, twice a week), gemcitabine (30 mg/kg, twice a week), and a combination of DGLA and gemcitabine. In D5D-knockdown tumors, DGLA supplementation promoted 8-HOA formation to a threshold ...
Source: Redox Biology - October 17, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
