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Specialty: Endocrinology

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Total 648 results found since Jan 2013.

Calcium sensing receptor activation in THP-1 macrophages triggers NLRP3 inflammasome and human preadipose cell inflammation
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2019Source: Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologyAuthor(s): Amanda D'Espessailles, Natalia Santillana, Sofía Sanhueza, Cecilia Fuentes, Mariana CifuentesAbstractExcess adipose tissue (AT) associates with inflammation and obesity-related diseases. We studied whether calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1 macrophages elevates inflammation in LS14 preadipocytes, modeling deleterious AT cell crosstalk. THP-1 macrophages exposed to Cinacalcet (CaSR activator, 2 μM, 4 h) showed elevated proinflammatory marker and NLRP3 inflammasome mRNA,...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 15, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Effects of Porcine STC-1 on Cell Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function.
Abstract Stanniocalcin (STC-1), a kind of glycoprotein hormone, was first found in fish and mainly regulates calcium/phosphorus metabolism in the body. To explore the biological function of the porcine STC-1 gene, the effects of changes in stanniocalcin expression on cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function were studied. A vector overexpressing the STC-1 gene and an siRNA silencer of the STC-1 gene were transfected into porcine kidney epithelial PK15 cells. After the STC-1 gene expression level was induced to change, STC-1 protein- and mitochondrial function-related proteins such as PMP70, OPA, DRP, Mfn and ...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - October 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yang K, Yang Y, Qi C, Ju H Tags: Gen Comp Endocrinol Source Type: research

Involvement of CREB-regulated transcription coactivators (CRTC) in transcriptional activation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star) by ACTH
Publication date: Available online 8 October 2019Source: Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologyAuthor(s): Lorna I.F. Smith, Victoria Huang, Mark Olah, Loc Trinh, Ying Liu, Georgina Hazell, Becky Conway-Campbell, Zidong Zhao, Antoine Martinez, Anne-Marie Lefrançois-Martinez, Stafford Lightman, Francesca Spiga, Greti AguileraAbstractStudies in vivo have suggested the involvement of CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC)2 on ACTH-induced transcription of the key steroidogenic protein, Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory (StAR). The present study uses two ACTH-responsive adrenocortical cell-lines, to examine the role of CRT...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - October 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Protects From Angiotensin II-Induced Increases in Pulse Pressure and Oxidative Stress
Our previous work showed that the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is protective in the vasculature and kidneys during angiotensin (Ang) II-dependent hypertension by inhibiting oxidative stress. The goal of the current study was to assess the impact of GPER deletion on sex differences in Ang II-induced hypertension and oxidative stress. Male and female wildtype and GPER knockout mice were implanted with radiotelemetry probes for measurement of baseline blood pressure before infusion of Ang II (700 ng/kg/min) for two weeks. Mean arterial pressure was increased to the same extent in all groups, but female wildtype ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - August 26, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Physiological roles of the GIP receptor in murine brown adipose tissue
ConclusionsThe BAT GIPR is linked to the control of metabolic gene expression, fuel utilization, and oxygen consumption. However, the selective loss of the GIPR within BAT is insufficient to recapitulate the findings of decreased weight gain and resistance to obesity arising in experimental models with systemic disruption of GIP action.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - August 11, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Reduced cystathionine- γ-lyase (CSE) expression is involved in high glucose induced MMP14 expression in adipocytes and adipose tissues.
In conclusion, high glucose increased the expression of MMP14 in adipocytes and visceral adipose tissues through inhibiting the expression of CSE. PMID: 31366822 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrine Journal - August 3, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocr J Source Type: research

PKC-delta mediates mineralocorticoid receptor activation by angiotensin II to modulate smooth muscle cell function.
Abstract Angiotensin II (AngII) and the mineralocorticoid receptor(MR) ligand aldosterone, both contribute to cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and adverse vascular remodeling.We previously demonstrated that AngII activates MR-mediated gene transcription in human vascular smooth muscle cells(SMC) yet the mechanism and the impact on SMC function are unknown.Using a MR responsive element-driven transcriptional reporter assay, we confirm that AngII induces MR transcriptional activity in multiple vascular SMC and endothelial cells, but not in Cos1 nor HEK293 cells.AngII activation of MR was blocked by t...
Source: Endocrinology - August 1, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lu Q, Davel AP, McGraw AP, Rao SP, Newfell BG, Jaffe IZ Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

eNOS Deletion Impairs Mitochondrial Quality Control and Exacerbates Western Diet Induced NASH.
Abstract Dysregulated mitochondrial quality control leads to mitochondrial functional impairments that are central to the development and progression of hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH). Here we identify hepatocellular localized endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) as a novel master regulator of mitochondrial quality control. Mice lacking eNOS were more susceptible to western diet induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in conjunction with decreased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover. The hepatocyte specific influence was verified via Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) purified p...
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - July 29, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sheldon RD, Meers GM, Morris EM, Linden MA, Cunningham RP, Ibdah JA, Thyfault JP, Laughlin MH, Rector RS Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Bitter taste signaling mediated by Tas2r144 is down-regulated by 17β-estradiol and progesterone in the rat choroid plexus
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2019Source: Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologyAuthor(s): Joana Tomás, Cecília R.A. Santos, Ana C. Duarte, Maria Maltez, Telma Quintela, Manuel C. Lemos, Isabel GonçalvesAbstractThe blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier is constituted by choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPEC) that regulate molecular trafficking between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid. We hypothesize that taste receptors expressed in CPEC monitor the composition of these body fluids in a sex hormone dependent way. Thus, we compared the expression of taste related genes in the choroid plexus of sham and ovarie...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 26, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Dihydrotestosterone increases cytotoxic activity of macrophages on prostate cancer cells via TRAIL.
Abstract Although androgen depravation therapy (ADT) and immunotherapy are potential treatment options in men with metastatic prostate cancer (CaP), androgen has conventionally been proposed to be a suppressor of the immune response. However, we herein report that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) activates macrophages. When the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7), human monocyte (THP-1), and human peripheral blood monocytes were cultured with androgen-resistant CaP cell lines, DHT increased cytotoxicity of macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that DHT induced M1 polarization and i...
Source: Endocrinology - June 10, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lee GT, Kim JH, Kwon SJ, Stein MN, Hong JH, Nagaya N, Billakanti S, Kim MM, Kim WJ, Kim IY Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Expression of miR-217 and HIF-1 α/VEGF pathway in patients with diabetic foot ulcer and its effect on angiogenesis of diabetic foot ulcer rats
ConclusionInhibiting miR-217 could up-regulate HIF-1 α/VEGF pathway to promote angiogenesis and ameliorate inflammation of DFU rats, thereby effectively advancing the healing of ulcerated area.
Source: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation - May 10, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

PLAC8 is overexpressed and regulates cell proliferation in low-grade human PanNET
Conclusion: Our findings establish PLAC8 as a central mediator of cell growth in a subset of human PanNET, providing evidence for the existence of distinct molecular subtypes within this class of tumors.
Source: Neuroendocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Epigenetic Regulation of Diabetogenic Adipose Morphology
ConclusionCpG methylation could be influential in determining adipose morphology and thereby constitute a novel antidiabetic target. We identified C14orf180 as a novel regulator of adipocyte lipid storage and possibly differentiation.
Source: Molecular Metabolism - April 18, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Asprosin impairs insulin secretion in response to glucose and viability through TLR4/JNK-mediated inflammation
This report suggests asprosin as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes through preservation of β-cell function.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - March 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-183 inhibition exerts suppressive effects on diabetic retinopathy by inactivating BTG1-mediated PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway.
In this study, we demonstrated that miR-183 silencing inhibiting cell growth and tube formation in vascular endothelial cells of DR rats via the PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway by upregulating BTG1. PMID: 30835506 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - March 4, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zhang ZZ, Qin XH, Zhang J Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research